實時同步是一種只要當前目錄發生變化則會觸發一個事件,事件觸發後會將變化的目錄同步至遠程服務器。html
提到數據同步就必然會談到rsync
,通常簡單的服務器數據傳輸會使用ftp/sftp
等方式,可是這樣的方式效率不高,不支持差別化增量同步也不支持實時傳輸。針對數據實時同步需求大多數人會選擇rsync+inotify-tools
的解決方案,可是這樣的方案也存在一些缺陷(文章中會具體指出),sersync
是國人基於前二者開發的工具,不只保留了優勢同時還強化了實時監控,文件過濾,簡化配置等功能,幫助用戶提升運行效率,節省時間和網絡資源。git
項目地址github
1)環境準備web
角色 | 外網IP(NAT) | 內網IP(LAN) | 安裝工具 |
---|---|---|---|
web01 | eth0:10.0.0.7 | eth1:172.16.1.7 | 部署代碼(提交做業) |
nfs-server | eth0:10.0.0.31 | eth1:172.16.1.31 | rsync+inotify+sersync |
backup | eth0:10.0.0.41 | eth1:172.16.1.41 | rsync-server |
1.實時同步哪臺服務器的目錄,那麼就在哪臺服務器上安裝sersync
express
2.只要安裝sersync
就必須安裝rsync
和inotify
vim
1)安裝rsync服務bash
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)配置文件服務器
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf uid = www gid = www port = 873 fake super = yes use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 600 ignore errors read only = false list = false auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ##################################### [zls] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /backup [nfs] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /data
3)建立用戶網絡
[root@backup ~]# groupadd www -g 666 [root@backup ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)建立目錄並受權
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /data /backup [root@backup ~]# chown -R www.www /data/ /backup/
5)建立虛擬用戶的密碼文件並受權
[root@backup ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
6)啓動rsync服務
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
1)安裝sersync須要依賴rsync
和inotify
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools
2)下載sersync
[root@nfs ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
3)部署sersync
源碼包:解壓 生成 編譯 安裝
解壓:
[root@nfs ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
4)移動並更名
[root@nfs ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
5)編輯配置文件
[root@nfs ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <sersync> #監控的目錄,改爲/data <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> #推送的IP(backup服務的IP)172.16.1.41 ,name是模塊名 <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> #執行rsync的參數改爲 -az <commonParams params="-artuz"/> #虛擬用戶的用戶名和密碼文件,開啓認證start=true rsync_backup /etc/rsync.pass <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> #設置超時時間 <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> #完整配置文件 [root@nfs ~]# cat /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <head version="2.5"> <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host> <debug start="false"/> <fileSystem xfs="false"/> <filter start="false"> <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude> <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude> <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude> <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude> </filter> <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> <sersync> <localpath watch="/data"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfs"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-az"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pass"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once--> <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins--> <crontabfilter start="false"> <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude> <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude> </crontabfilter> </crontab> <plugin start="false" name="command"/> </sersync> <plugin name="command"> <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/> <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix--> <filter start="false"> <include expression="(.*)\.php"/> <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/> </filter> </plugin> <plugin name="socket"> <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu"> <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/> </localpath> </plugin> <plugin name="refreshCDN"> <localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/"> <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/> <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/> <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/> </localpath> </plugin> </head>
6)建立虛擬用戶的密碼文件,並受權
[root@nfs sersync]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass [root@nfs sersync]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
7)查看幫助
[root@nfs sersync]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -h set the system param execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events parse the command param _______________________________________________________ 參數-d:啓用守護進程模式 參數-r:在監控前,將監控目錄與遠程主機用rsync命令推送一遍 c參數-n: 指定開啓守護線程的數量,默認爲10個 參數-o:指定配置文件,默認使用confxml.xml文件 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m refreshCDN 開啓刷新CDN模塊 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m socket 開啓socket模塊 參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m http 開啓http模塊 不加-m參數,則默認執行同步程序 ________________________________________________________________
8)啓動sersync
[root@nfs data]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
------------------------------------------------rsync服務端--------------------------------------------------
1)安裝
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y rsync
2)改配置
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf uid = rsync gid = rsync port = 873 fake super = yes use chroot = no max connections = 200 timeout = 600 ignore errors read only = false list = false auth users = rsync_backup secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log ##################################### [zls] comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup! path = /backup
3)建立系統用戶
[root@backup ~]# useradd rsync -s /sbin/nologin -M
4)建立虛擬用戶及密碼文件並受權
[root@backup ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd [root@backup ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
5)建立目錄並受權
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /backup [root@backup ~]# chown -R rsync.rsync /backup
6)啓動服務並加入開機自啓
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start rsyncd [root@backup ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
----------------------------------------------------------rsync的客戶端(nfs)------------------------------------------------------------------
1)安裝sersync(rsync+inotify)
[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools
2)安裝sersync
下載:
[root@nfs ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
解壓:
[root@nfs ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
移動並更名:
[root@nfs ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
3)修改配置文件
[root@nfs ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml <inotify> <delete start="true"/> <createFolder start="true"/> <createFile start="true"/> <closeWrite start="true"/> <moveFrom start="true"/> <moveTo start="true"/> <attrib start="true"/> <modify start="true"/> </inotify> <sersync> <localpath watch="/zls"> <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="zls"/> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>--> <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>--> </localpath> <rsync> <commonParams params="-az"/> <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/> <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 --> <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 --> <ssh start="false"/> </rsync>
4)建立目錄
[root@nfs ~]# mkdir /zls
5)建立密碼文件並受權
[root@nfs ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pas [root@nfs ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas
6)啓動sersync
[root@nfs ~]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
sersync 就是rsync的客戶端
底層調用:rsync和inotify