# coding=utf-8
import signal
import time
def set_timeout(num, callback):
def wrap(func):
def handle(signum, frame): # 收到信號 SIGALRM 後的回調函數,第一個參數是信號的數字,第二個參數是the interrupted stack frame.
raise RuntimeError
def to_do(*args, **kwargs):
try:
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, handle) # 設置信號和回調函數
signal.alarm(num) # 設置 num 秒的鬧鐘
print('start alarm signal.')
r = func(*args, **kwargs)
print('close alarm signal.')
signal.alarm(0) # 關閉鬧鐘
return r
except RuntimeError as e:
callback()
return to_do
return wrap
if __name__ == '__main__':
def after_timeout(): # 超時後的處理函數
print("do something after timeout.")
@set_timeout(2, after_timeout) # 限時 2 秒
def connect(): # 要執行的函數
time.sleep(1) # 函數執行時間,寫大於2的值,可測試超時
return 'connect success.'
print(connect())
注意事項:
電腦系統是win10 64位,在使用python的signal模塊時報錯:「AttributeError: module 'signal' has no attribute 'SIGALRM'」,這是由於signal模塊能夠在linux下正常使用,但在windows下卻有一些限制,在python文檔https://docs.python.org/2/library/signal.html#signal.signal找到了以下解釋:html
"On Windows, signal() can only be called with SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGINT, SIGSEGV, or SIGTERM. A ValueError will be raised in any other case."python
也就是說在windows下只能使用這幾個信號:linux
SIGABRT
SIGFPE
SIGILL
SIGINT
SIGSEGV
SIGTERM
windows
也可經過線程的方式 設置超時 ,主線程設置超時時間 , 殺死子線程api
import timefrom threading import Threadimport inspectimport ctypesdef _async_raise(tid, exctype): """raises the exception, performs cleanup if needed""" tid = ctypes.c_long(tid) if not inspect.isclass(exctype): exctype = type(exctype) res = ctypes.pythonapi.PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc(tid, ctypes.py_object(exctype)) if res == 0: raise ValueError("invalid thread id") elif res != 1: # """if it returns a number greater than one, you're in trouble, # and you should call it again with exc=NULL to revert the effect""" ctypes.pythonapi.PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc(tid, None) raise SystemError("PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc failed")def stop_thread(thread): _async_raise(thread.ident, SystemExit)def to_do(): print('子線程開始了') time.sleep(50) print('結束了')if __name__ == '__main__': t = Thread(target=to_do) t.start() stop_thread(t) print('主線程結束')下面這種方案 ,缺陷是,設置好超時後,子線程結束,主線程也不會中止,有可能會下降效率能夠將stop_thread(t) 換爲 t.join( num 秒 ) 來控制 超時kill