linux下啓動oralce

啓動數據庫實例，分爲兩步：第一步，啓動監聽；第二步，啓動數據庫實例。

1、如何啓動數據庫實例
   1.進入到sqlplus啓動實例
[oracle@redhat ~]$ su - oracle                                 --「切換到oracle用戶」
Password:
[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl start                               --「打開監聽」

LSNRCTL for Linux:
Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Copyright (c) 1991,
2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting
/home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux:
Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is
/home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to
/home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on:
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on:
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the
LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR
for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start
Date                14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Uptime                    0 days 0
hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace
Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS
Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter
File   /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log
File         /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening
Endpoints
Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services
Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance
"PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The
command completed successfully

[oracle@redhat ~]$ sqlplus /nolog                                --「進入到sqlplus」

SQL*Plus: Release
10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 14 19:06:45 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005,
Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba                                              --「鏈接到sysdba」

Connected
to an idle instance.

SQL> startup                                                     --「啓動數據庫實例」
ORACLE
instance started.
Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed
Size      1218968 bytes
Variable Size     88082024 bytes
Database
Buffers   188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers      7168000 bytes
Database
mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> shutdown
immediate                                          --「關閉數據庫實例」
Database
closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release
10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining
options

[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl stop                                 --「關閉監聽」

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version
10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:08:06
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005,
Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
The command completed
successfully

   2.用dbstart和dbshut啓動和關閉數據庫實例

先啓動監聽 lsnrctl start
啓動實例  dbstart

使用dbstart命令啓動數據庫比較方便，可是在linux上安裝好oracle以後，第一次使用dbstart命令可能會報以下錯誤：

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER
is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage:
/u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME

緣由：
dbstart和dbshut腳本文件中ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的設置有問題，分別打開兩個文件找到：用vi編輯dbstart，ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改成
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME


而後保存退出，此時再運行dbstart，已經不報錯了，可是沒有任何反應，ps一下進程，沒有oracle的進程，說明oracle實例沒有正常啓動。

此時的緣由是在/etc/oratab的設置問題，咱們vi一下，發現
zgz:/home/oracle/product/10g:N
最後設置的是"N"（個人環境中只有一個實例，所以只有一行配置語句），咱們須要把「N」修改成「Y」。

以上的工做作好以後，dbstart就能夠正常使用了：

[oracle@redhat
bin]$ lsnrctl start                                   --「啓動監聽」
LSNRCTL for
Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Copyright (c)
1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting
/home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux:
Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is
/home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to
/home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on:
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on:
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the
LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR
for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start
Date                14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Uptime                    0 days 0
hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace
Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS
Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter
File   /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log
File         /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening
Endpoints
Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services
Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance
"PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The
command completed successfully

[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbstart                                   --「啓動數據庫實例」
Processing Database
instance "zgz": log file /home/oracle/product/10g/startup.log

[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbshut                                    --「關閉數據庫實例」
[oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl stop                              --「關閉監聽」

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:45:33 Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2))) The command completed successfully 2、如何使數據庫實例和linux系統一塊兒啓動 在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入以下語句便可實現同系統啓動實例： su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" su - oracle -c "dbstart"