使用Google的Zxing生成二維碼圖片

時間 2019-11-13

原文原文鏈接

1、此爲二維碼中不內嵌圖片
import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.zhaogang.util.threadsafe.ThreadSafeDateUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * 生成二維碼圖片不內嵌圖片
 * Created by S.Han on 2016-11-22.
 */
public class QrCodeNoImageUtil {
    //二維碼圖片寬
    private static final int QRCODE_WIDTH = 300;
    //二維碼圖片高
    private static final int QRCODE_HEIGHT = 300;

    /**
     * 生成二維碼保存在指定路徑
     *
     * @param _text        二維碼內容
     * @param qrcodeFormat 生成的二維碼圖片格式
     * @param saveFilePath 生成的二維碼圖片保存路徑   例如:F:/23/
     * @return
     */
    public static File createQrcode(String _text, String qrcodeFormat, String saveFilePath) {
        try {
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = getBitMatrix(_text);
            String date = ThreadSafeDateUtil.format(new Date(), "yyyyMMddHHmmss");
            File qrCodeFile = new File(saveFilePath + "S_Han_" + date + "." + qrcodeFormat);
            if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(saveFilePath)) {
                if (!qrCodeFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
                    qrCodeFile.mkdirs();
                }
            }
            BufferedImage image = MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
            //將二維碼圖片做爲文件輸出
            ImageIO.write(image, qrcodeFormat, qrCodeFile);
            return qrCodeFile;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 建立二維碼圖片並做爲輸出流中輸入
     *
     * @param _text        二維碼內容
     * @param qrcodeFormat 二維碼圖片格式
     * @param output       輸出流
     */
    public static void createQrCodeToOutStream(String _text, String qrcodeFormat, OutputStream output) {
        try {
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = getBitMatrix(_text);
            //向輸出流中輸出
            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, qrcodeFormat, output);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static BitMatrix getBitMatrix(String _text) throws WriterException {
        HashMap<EncodeHintType, String> hints = new HashMap<>();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
        return new MultiFormatWriter().encode(_text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_WIDTH, QRCODE_HEIGHT, hints);
    }

    /**
     * 給定指定的二維碼文件解析出二維碼裏內容
     *
     * @param filePath 二維碼文件存放路徑
     * @return
     */
    public static String decodeQr(String filePath) {
        String retStr = "";
        if ("".equalsIgnoreCase(filePath) && filePath.length() == 0) {
            return "二維碼圖片路徑爲空!";
        }
        try {
            BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(filePath));
            LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufferedImage);
            Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
            BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
            HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object> hintTypeObjectHashMap = new HashMap<>();
            hintTypeObjectHashMap.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hintTypeObjectHashMap);
            retStr = result.getText();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return retStr;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File qrCodeFile = createQrcode("我喜歡你!!!", "jpg", "F:/test/qrCode/");
        System.err.println("二維碼文件名稱:" + qrCodeFile.getName());
        System.err.println("二維碼文件保存路徑:" + qrCodeFile.getAbsoluteFile());
    }

}

2、二維碼中內嵌圖片java

package com.zhaogang.util.marketing;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 生成內嵌圖片二維碼圖片
 * Created by S.Han on 2016-11-22
 */
public class QrCodeWithImageUtil {

    // 圖片寬度的通常
    private static final int IMAGE_WIDTH = 15;
    private static final int IMAGE_HEIGHT = 15;
    private static final int IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH = IMAGE_WIDTH / 2;
    private static final int FRAME_WIDTH = 2;

    // 二維碼寫碼器
    private static MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();

    /**
     * @param content       二維碼顯示的文本
     * @param width         二維碼的寬度
     * @param height        二維碼的高度
     * @param srcImagePath  中間嵌套的圖片
     * @param destImagePath 二維碼生成的地址
     */
    public static void encode(String content, int width, int height, String srcImagePath, String destImagePath) {
        try {
            // ImageIO.write 參數 一、BufferedImage 二、輸出的格式 三、輸出的文件
            ImageIO.write(genBarcode(content, width, height, srcImagePath), "jpg", new File(destImagePath));

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (WriterException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 獲得BufferedImage
     *
     * @param content      二維碼顯示的文本
     * @param width        二維碼的寬度
     * @param height       二維碼的高度
     * @param srcImagePath 中間嵌套的圖片
     * @return
     * @throws WriterException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static BufferedImage genBarcode(String content, int width, int height, String srcImagePath) throws WriterException,
            IOException {
        // 讀取源圖像
        BufferedImage scaleImage = scale(srcImagePath, IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT, false);

        int[][] srcPixels = new int[IMAGE_WIDTH][IMAGE_HEIGHT];
        for (int i = 0; i < scaleImage.getWidth(); i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < scaleImage.getHeight(); j++) {
                srcPixels[i][j] = scaleImage.getRGB(i, j);
            }
        }

        java.util.Hashtable hint = new java.util.Hashtable();
        hint.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8");
        hint.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        // 生成二維碼
        BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hint);

        // 二維矩陣轉爲一維像素數組
        int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2;
        int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2;
        int[] pixels = new int[width * height];

        // System.out.println(matrix.getHeight());
        for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) {
            for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                // 讀取圖片
                if (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH) {
                    pixels[y * width + x] = srcPixels[x - halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH][y - halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH];
                }
                // 在圖片四周造成邊框
                else if ((x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
                        || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
                        && y > halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)) {
                    pixels[y * width + x] = 0xfffffff;
                } else {
                    // 此處能夠修改二維碼的顏色，能夠分別制定二維碼和背景的顏色；
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? 0xff000000 : 0xfffffff;
                }
            }
        }

        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels);
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 把傳入的原始圖像按高度和寬度進行縮放，生成符合要求的圖標
     *
     * @param srcImageFile 源文件地址
     * @param height       目標高度
     * @param width        目標寬度
     * @param hasFiller    比例不對時是否須要補白：true爲補白; false爲不補白;
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private static BufferedImage scale(String srcImageFile, int height, int width, boolean hasFiller) throws IOException {
        double ratio = 0.0; // 縮放比例
        File file = new File(srcImageFile);
        BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(file);
        Image destImage = srcImage.getScaledInstance(width, height, BufferedImage.SCALE_SMOOTH);
        // 計算比例
        if ((srcImage.getHeight() > height) || (srcImage.getWidth() > width)) {
            if (srcImage.getHeight() > srcImage.getWidth()) {
                ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue() / srcImage.getHeight();
            } else {
                ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue() / srcImage.getWidth();
            }
            AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
            destImage = op.filter(srcImage, null);
        }
        if (hasFiller) {// 補白
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics2D graphic = image.createGraphics();
            graphic.setColor(Color.white);
            graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
            if (width == destImage.getWidth(null)) {
                graphic.drawImage(destImage, 0, (height - destImage.getHeight(null)) / 2, destImage.getWidth(null),
                        destImage.getHeight(null), Color.white, null);
            } else {
                graphic.drawImage(destImage, (width - destImage.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0, destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null),
                        Color.white, null);
            }
            graphic.dispose();
            destImage = image;
        }
        return (BufferedImage) destImage;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        encode("你好", 85, 85, "D:\\ToolKitImage.jpg", "D:\\2013-01.jpg");
    }

備註1：MatrixToImageWriter 爲Google提供,現源碼以下apache

import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

/**
 * Created by S.Han on 2016-11-22.
 */
public final class MatrixToImageWriter {

    private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000;
    private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF;

    private MatrixToImageWriter() {
    }

    public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) {
        int width = matrix.getWidth();
        int height = matrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE);
            }
        }
        return image;
    }


    public static void writeToFile(BitMatrix matrix, String format, File file) throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
        if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, file)) {
            throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format + " to " + file);
        }
    }


    public static void writeToStream(BitMatrix matrix, String format, OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
        BufferedImage image = toBufferedImage(matrix);
        if (!ImageIO.write(image, format, stream)) {
            throw new IOException("Could not write an image of format " + format);
        }
    }

}

備註2：BufferedImageLuminanceSource 由Google提供.源碼以下數組

import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

/**
 * Created by S.Han on 2016-11-22.
 */
public final class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {

    private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    }

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        }

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
                }
            }
        }

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        }
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {
            row = new byte[width];
        }
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    }

    @Override
    public byte[] getMatrix() {
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCropSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();

        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);

        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);

        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();

        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }

}