Dubbo學習筆記
Dubbo學習筆記
Dubbo的設計目的
- 動態註冊、發現服務，軟負載均衡和服務降級。
- 描述服務依賴關係，描述總體服務架構。
- 統計服務負載，按需擴展容量。
簡單實例
該實例參考官方實例，有所修改。java
整個項目結構：git
dubbo-hello . ├── dubbo-hello-api │ ├── pom.xml │ ├── src │ │ ├── main │ │ │ ├── java │ │ │ │ └── com │ │ │ │ └── tc │ │ │ │ └── dubbo │ │ │ │ └── hello │ │ │ │ └── HelloService.java │ │ │ └── resources │ │ └── test │ │ └── java │ └── target │ ├── dubbo-hello-consumer │ ├── pom.xml │ ├── src │ │ ├── main │ │ │ ├── java │ │ │ │ └── com │ │ │ │ └── tc │ │ │ │ └── dubbo │ │ │ │ └── hello │ │ │ │ └── consumer │ │ │ │ └── Consumer.java │ │ │ └── resources │ │ │ ├── META-INF │ │ │ │ └── spring │ │ │ │ └── dubbo-hello-consumer.xml │ │ │ ├── dubbo.properties │ │ │ └── log4j.properties │ │ └── test │ │ └── java │ └── target │ ├── dubbo-hello-provider │ ├── pom.xml │ ├── src │ │ ├── main │ │ │ ├── java │ │ │ │ └── com │ │ │ │ └── tc │ │ │ │ └── dubbo │ │ │ │ └── hello │ │ │ │ └── provider │ │ │ │ ├── HelloServiceImpl.java │ │ │ │ └── Provider.java │ │ │ └── resources │ │ │ ├── META-INF │ │ │ │ └── spring │ │ │ │ └── dubbo-hello-provider.xml │ │ │ ├── dubbo.properties │ │ │ └── log4j.properties │ │ └── test │ │ └── java │ └── target └── pom.xml
整個項目分爲三個模塊，dubbo-hello-api、dubbo-hello-provider和dubbo-hello-consumer。一下是整個dubbo-hello工程的pom內容：github
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tc</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>${project.artifactId}</name>
<properties>
<skip_maven_deploy>false</skip_maven_deploy>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<modules>
<module>dubbo-hello-api</module>
<module>dubbo-hello-provider</module>
<module>dubbo-hello-consumer</module>
</modules>
</project>
公共API定義
通常Provider和Consumer共享的接口應該單獨一個包進行定義，方便雙方的共享。這裏新建了模塊dubbo-hello-api來定義公共接口。其pom文件爲基本配置，無特殊性，簡單定義接口HelloService以下：spring
package com.tc.dubbo.hello;
/**
* Created by tianchi on 2018/3/14.
*/
public interface HelloService {
String sayHello(String name);
}
Provider實現
服務提供者模塊dubbo-hello-provider的pom文件內容以下：apache
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello</artifactId>
<groupId>com.tc</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello-provider</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>${project.artifactId}</name>
<description>The demo provider module of dubbo project</description>
<properties>
<skip_maven_deploy>false</skip_maven_deploy>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.tc</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.parent.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.tc.dubbo.hello.provider.Provider</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>assembly</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
其中聲明瞭對com.tc:dubbo-hello-api接口的依賴，還有對com.alibaba:dubbo的依賴。插件plugin聲明瞭採用加入依賴的打包方式，這樣方便直接運行。api
在文件dubbo-hello-provider.xml中聲明瞭要暴露的服務：架構
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- provider's application name, used for tracing dependency relationship -->
<dubbo:application name="hello-provider"/>
<!-- use multicast registry center to export service -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>
<!-- use dubbo protocol to export service on port 20880 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
<!-- service implementation, as same as regular local bean -->
<bean id="helloService" class="com.tc.dubbo.hello.provider.HelloServiceImpl"/>
<!-- declare the service interface to be exported -->
<dubbo:service interface="com.tc.dubbo.hello.HelloService" ref="helloService"/>
</beans>
其中說明了註冊方式爲multicast，也即利用廣播，無註冊中心的方式。同時聲明瞭協議和端口號。app
暴露的服務HelloServiceImpl實現以下：負載均衡
package com.tc.dubbo.hello.provider;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcContext;
import com.tc.dubbo.hello.HelloService;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Created by tianchi on 2018/3/14.
*/
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService{
public String sayHello(String name) {
System.out.println("[" + new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "] Hello " + name + ", request from consumer: " + RpcContext.getContext().getRemoteAddress());
return "Hello " + name + ", response form provider: " + RpcContext.getContext().getLocalAddress();
}
}
入口類Provider的實現以下：maven
package com.tc.dubbo.hello.provider;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by tianchi on 2018/3/14.
*/
public class Provider {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//Prevent to get IPV6 address,this way only work in debug mode
//But you can pass use -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true,then it work well whether in debug mode or not
System.setProperty("java.net.preferIPv4Stack", "true");
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"META-INF/spring/dubbo-hello-provider.xml"});
context.start();
System.in.read(); // press any key to exit
}
}
Consumer實現
其pom文件和Provider相似：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello</artifactId>
<groupId>com.tc</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello-consumer</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>${project.artifactId}</name>
<description>The demo consumer module of dubbo project</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.tc</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-hello-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.parent.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.tc.dubbo.hello.consumer.Consumer</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>assembly</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
其dubbo-hello-consumer.xml配置以下，聲明瞭對服務的引用。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!-- consumer's application name, used for tracing dependency relationship (not a matching criterion),
don't set it same as provider -->
<dubbo:application name="hello-consumer"/>
<!-- use multicast registry center to discover service -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>
<!-- generate proxy for the remote service, then demoService can be used in the same way as the
local regular interface -->
<dubbo:reference id="helloService" check="false" interface="com.tc.dubbo.hello.HelloService"/>
</beans>
入口類Consumer實現以下：
package com.tc.dubbo.hello.consumer;
import com.tc.dubbo.hello.HelloService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by tianchi on 2018/3/14.
*/
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Prevent to get IPV6 address,this way only work in debug mode
//But you can pass use -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true,then it work well whether in debug mode or not
System.setProperty("java.net.preferIPv4Stack", "true");
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"META-INF/spring/dubbo-hello-consumer.xml"});
context.start();
HelloService helloService = (HelloService) context.getBean("helloService"); // get remote service proxy
while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
String hello = helloService.sayHello("world"); // call remote method
System.out.println(hello); // get result
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
throwable.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
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