dubbo服務運行的三種方式

時間 2020-05-09

標籤 dubbo 服務運行三種方式欄目 Dubbo 简体版

原文原文鏈接

　　dubbo服務運行，也就是讓生產服務的進程一直啓動。若是生產者進程掛掉，也就不存在生產者，消費者不能進行消費。html

Dubbo服務運行的三種方式以下:
一、使用Servlet容器運行（Tomcat、Jetty等） -不可用
　　缺點：增長複雜性（端口、管理）
　　浪費資源（內存）
　　須要佔用多個端口和內存，這種方式是不可取的java

二、本身創建Main方法類運行（Srping容器）
　　缺點：Dobbo本省提供的高級特性沒用上，本身的啓動類可能有缺陷 spring

三、使用Dubbo框架提供的Main方法類來運行（Spring 容器）建議使用
　　優勢：框架自己提供（com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main），但是現優雅關機（ShutdownHook）。apache

　　這個不存在緩存，生產者開啓或者關閉以後dubbo-admin能夠立刻感知到。api

下面測試方法2和方法3。緩存

1.自建類發佈服務:(簡單-重要)

pom.xml以下:app

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.qlq</groupId>
    <artifactId>zookeper</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.20.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.34.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!-- 配置了不少插件 -->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

1.1 xml配置格式的發佈

provider.xml框架

<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 提供方應用信息，用於計算依賴關係 -->
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app">
        <!-- 關閉QOS：Quality of Service -->
        <dubbo:parameter key="qos.enable" value="false" />
        <dubbo:parameter key="qos.accept.foreign.ip" value="true" />
        <dubbo:parameter key="qos.port" value="2222" />
    </dubbo:application>

    <!-- 使用multicast廣播註冊中心暴露服務地址,IP設置: 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" />

    <!-- 用dubbo協議在20880端口暴露服務 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />

    <!-- 聲明須要暴露的服務接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="dubbo.DubboService" ref="demoService" />
    <!-- 和本地bean同樣實現服務 -->
    <bean id="demoService" class="dubbo.DubboServiceImpl" />
</beans>

provider.java發佈服務:eclipse

package dubbo; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class Provider { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "provider.xml" }); context.start(); CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1); countDownLatch.await(); } }

啓動以後查看dubbo-admin管理界面:maven

2.API格式的發佈

package dubbo.api; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig; import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ProtocolConfig; import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig; import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig; import dubbo.DubboService; import dubbo.DubboServiceImpl; public class Provider { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1); // 服務實現
        DubboService dubboService = new DubboServiceImpl(); // 當前應用配置
        ApplicationConfig application = new ApplicationConfig(); application.setName("provider"); // 鏈接註冊中心配置
        RegistryConfig registry = new RegistryConfig(); registry.setAddress("zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"); registry.setUsername("aaa"); registry.setPassword("bbb"); // 服務提供者協議配置
        ProtocolConfig protocol = new ProtocolConfig(); protocol.setName("dubbo"); protocol.setPort(12345); protocol.setThreads(200); // 注意：ServiceConfig爲重對象，內部封裝了與註冊中心的鏈接，以及開啓服務端口 // 服務提供者暴露服務配置
        ServiceConfig<DubboService> service = new ServiceConfig<DubboService>(); // 此實例很重，封裝了與註冊中心的鏈接，請自行緩存，不然可能形成內存和鏈接泄漏
 service.setApplication(application); service.setRegistry(registry); // 多個註冊中心能夠用setRegistries()
        service.setProtocol(protocol); // 多個協議能夠用setProtocols()
        service.setInterface(DubboService.class); service.setRef(dubboService); service.setVersion("1.0.0"); // 暴露及註冊服務
 service.export(); countDownLatch.await(); } }

3.註解方式的發佈

　　參考:http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-nmefuyvl-er.html

補充:自建類打成jar包的方式運行:

修改pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.qlq</groupId>
    <artifactId>zookeper</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.20.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.34.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!-- 配置了不少插件 -->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 打包jar文件時，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依賴 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>dubbo.Provider</mainClass>
                            <!-- 打包時 MANIFEST.MF文件不記錄的時間戳版本 -->
                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        </manifest>
                        <manifestEntries>
                            <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
                        </manifestEntries>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <type>jar</type>
                            <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>
                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                            <outputDirectory> ${project.build.directory}/lib </outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

　　maven-jar-plugin 能夠設置打包的一些信息。設置jar包運行的主類是dubbo.Provider

　　maven-dependency-plugin是打包項目所依賴的jar包，上面配置是生成依賴的jar包到target的lib目錄下。

運行maven install命令生成jar包和對應的lib目錄:

cmd運行下面命令便可:

E:\xiangmu\zookeper\target>set classpath=%classpath%;./lib; E:\xiangmu\zookeper\target>java -jar zookeper-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

dubbo-admin查看項目:

2. 使用dubbo提供的類來發布

　　使用com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main類來發布

修改pom.xml便可:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.qlq</groupId>
    <artifactId>zookeper</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.20.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.34.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.11</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!--jar包名稱 -->
        <finalName>dubboService</finalName>
        <resources>
            <!--recources文件夾下的全部文件都打進jar包 -->
            <resource>
                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>

            <!-- 上文有說過，因爲個人provider.xml文件不是在META-INF下，這一段代碼的做用就是將 provider.xml文件拷貝到META-INF目錄下 -->
            <resource>
                <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>
                <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <includes>
                    <include>provider.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.5.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.7</source>
                        <target>1.7</target>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
                <!-- 解決Maven插件在Eclipse內執行了一系列的生命週期引發衝突 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
                    <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                            <pluginExecutions>
                                <pluginExecution>
                                    <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                                        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                                        <versionRange>[2.0,)</versionRange>
                                        <goals>
                                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                                        </goals>
                                    </pluginExecutionFilter>
                                    <action>
                                        <ignore />
                                    </action>
                                </pluginExecution>
                            </pluginExecutions>
                        </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 打包jar文件時，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依賴 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>
                            <!-- 打包時 MANIFEST.MF文件不記錄的時間戳版本 -->
                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        </manifest>
                        <manifestEntries>
                            <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
                        </manifestEntries>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <type>jar</type>
                            <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>
                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                            <outputDirectory> ${project.build.directory}/lib </outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

　　${project.build.directory} 構建目錄，缺省爲target。

運行maven install 或者package打包便可，而後到target目錄下運行該jar包:

PS E:\xiangmu\zookeper\target> java -jar .\dubboService.jar [2019-03-18 18:52:29] Dubbo service server started!

dubbo-admin查看項目:

　　簡單的方式仍是本身編寫類發佈服務。

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