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twemproxy(nutcracker) 是 Twitter開源的輕量級 memcached / redis 代理服務器,本質就是一個集羣管理工具,主要用來彌補 Redis和 Memcached對集羣管理的不足,其完成的最大功勞就是經過在後端減小同緩存服務器的鏈接數從而增長吞吐量。咱們將 Twemproxy當作一個老大哥,背後 Carry着一羣 memcached / redis實例小弟,如此看來,某一程序上也相似於 memcached / redis 的HA。git
本文先實踐一波讓 twemproxy 來 Carry一羣 memcached小弟時的工做狀況。github
注: 本文首發於 My Personal Blog:CodeSheep·程序羊,歡迎光臨 小站
準備三臺節點:redis
節點 | OS | 角色 |
---|---|---|
192.168.199.77 | CentOS 7.4 | 部署 memcached1實例 |
192.168.199.78 | CentOS 7.4 | 部署 memcached2實例 |
192.168.199.79 | CentOS 7.4 | 部署 twemproxy代理服務器 |
yum install memcached
memcached -u root -p 11211 -m 64m -d
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/m4/m4-1.4.9.tar.gz tar -zvxf m4-1.4.9.tar.gz cd m4-1.4.9 ./configure make make install
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-2.69.tar.gz tar zxvf autoconf-2.69.tar.gz cd autoconf-2.69 ./configure --prefix=/usr/ make && make install
wget https://github.com/twitter/twemproxy/archive/master.zip unzip master.zip mv twemproxy-master twemproxy mv twemproxy /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/ cd twemproxy/ autoreconf -fvi ./configure --enable-debug=full make make install
nutcracker -h
[root@localhost ~]# nutcracker -h This is nutcracker-0.4.1 Usage: nutcracker [-?hVdDt] [-v verbosity level] [-o output file] [-c conf file] [-s stats port] [-a stats addr] [-i stats interval] [-p pid file] [-m mbuf size] Options: -h, --help : this help -V, --version : show version and exit -t, --test-conf : test configuration for syntax errors and exit -d, --daemonize : run as a daemon -D, --describe-stats : print stats description and exit -v, --verbose=N : set logging level (default: 5, min: 0, max: 11) -o, --output=S : set logging file (default: stderr) -c, --conf-file=S : set configuration file (default: conf/nutcracker.yml) -s, --stats-port=N : set stats monitoring port (default: 22222) -a, --stats-addr=S : set stats monitoring ip (default: 0.0.0.0) -i, --stats-interval=N : set stats aggregation interval in msec (default: 30000 msec) -p, --pid-file=S : set pid file (default: off) -m, --mbuf-size=N : set size of mbuf chunk in bytes (default: 16384 bytes)
vim /usr/local/twemproxy/conf/nutcracker.yml
修改配置文件 nutcracker.ymlvim
memcached: listen: 127.0.0.1:22121 hash: fnv1a_64 distribution: ketama timeout: 400 backlog: 1024 preconnect: true auto_eject_hosts: true server_retry_timeout: 30000 server_failure_limit: 3 servers: - 192.168.199.77:11211:1 - 192.168.199.78:11211:1
nutcracker -d -c /usr/local/twemproxy/conf/nutcracker.yml
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -nltp | grep nutcracker tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22222 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12737/nutcracker tcp 0 0 192.168.199.79:22121 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12737/nutcracker
一連存入了 6個key後端
[root@localhost conf]# telnet localhost 22121 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. set key1 0 0 1 1 STORED set key2 0 0 1 2 STORED set key3 0 0 1 3 STORED set key4 0 0 1 4 STORED set key5 0 0 1 5 STORED set key6 0 0 1 6 STORED
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. get key1 VALUE key1 0 1 1 END get key2 VALUE key2 0 1 2 END get key3 VALUE key3 0 1 3 END get key4 VALUE key4 0 1 4 END get key5 VALUE key5 0 1 5 END get key6 VALUE key6 0 1 6 END
[root@localhost ~]# ps -aux | grep mem root 634 0.0 0.0 326588 1960 ? Ssl 15:58 0:00 memcached -u root -p 11211 -m 64m -d root 704 0.0 0.0 112676 984 pts/0 S+ 16:01 0:00 grep --color=auto mem [root@localhost ~]# kill -9 634
[root@localhost conf]# telnet localhost 22121 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. set key9 0 0 1 9 STORED [root@localhost conf]#
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. get key9 VALUE key9 0 1 9 END
咱們發現 memcached2斷開後,緩存 key9寫到了 memcached1中,而對於用戶來講,因爲是跟 twemproxy代理交互,所以並不能感受到後端 memcached2實例的下線緩存
而後再繼續經過代理寫數據:服務器
[root@localhost conf]# telnet localhost 22121 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. set key10 0 0 1 x STORED set key11 0 0 1 y STORED
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. get key10 VALUE key10 0 1 x END get key11 VALUE key11 0 1 y END
從上面這個實驗過程能夠看出,一臺 memcached實例掛掉後,twemproxy 能自動移除之;而恢復後,twemproxy 可以自動識別並從新加入到 memcached 組中從新使用
因爲能力有限,如有錯誤或者不當之處,還請你們批評指正,一塊兒學習交流!