咱們在使用SpringData JPA框架時,進行條件查詢,若是是固定條件的查詢,咱們能夠使用符合框架規則的自定義方法以及@Query註解實現。spring
若是是查詢條件是動態的,框架也提供了查詢接口。express
JpaSpecificationExecutor
和其餘接口使用方式同樣,只須要在你的Dao接口繼承便可(官網代碼)。框架
public interface CustomerRepository extends CrudRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor { … }
JpaSpecificationExecutor提供不少條件查詢方法。less
public interface JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> { T findOne(Specification<T> var1); List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1); Page<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1, Pageable var2); List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1, Sort var2); long count(Specification<T> var1); }
好比方法:dom
List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1);
就能夠查找出符合條件的全部數據,若是你的框架使用的是前段分頁的技術,那麼這個方法就挺簡便的。ide
那麼這個方法該如何使用呢?咱們看到它須要的參數是一個ui
org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification
對象。那咱們就建立這個對象先看看。this
Specification specification = new Specification() { @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root root, CriteriaQuery criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { return null; } }
IDE自動生成了要重寫的方法toPredicate。spa
root參數是咱們用來對應實體的信息的。criteriaBuilder能夠幫助咱們製做查詢信息。rest
/** * A root type in the from clause. * Query roots always reference entities. * * @param <X> the entity type referenced by the root * @since Java Persistence 2.0 */ public interface Root<X> extends From<X, X> {...}
/** * Used to construct criteria queries, compound selections, * expressions, predicates, orderings. * * <p> Note that <code>Predicate</code> is used instead of <code>Expression<Boolean></code> * in this API in order to work around the fact that Java * generics are not compatible with varags. * * @since Java Persistence 2.0 */ public interface CriteriaBuilder {...}
CriteriaBuilder對象裏有不少條件方法,好比制定條件:某條數據的建立日期小於今天。
criteriaBuilder.lessThan(root.get("createDate"), today)
該方法返回的對象類型是Predicate。正是toPredicate須要返回的值。
若是有多個條件,咱們就能夠建立一個Predicate集合,最後用CriteriaBuilder的and和or方法進行組合,獲得最後的Predicate對象。
/** * Create a conjunction of the given restriction predicates. * A conjunction of zero predicates is true. * * @param restrictions zero or more restriction predicates * * @return and predicate */ Predicate and(Predicate... restrictions);
/** * Create a disjunction of the given restriction predicates. * A disjunction of zero predicates is false. * * @param restrictions zero or more restriction predicates * * @return or predicate */ Predicate or(Predicate... restrictions);
示例:
public List<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> findByCondition(Date minDate, Date maxDate, String nickname){ List<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> resultList = null; Specification querySpecifi = new Specification<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity>() { @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { List<Predicate> predicates = new ArrayList<>(); if(null != minDate){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.greaterThan(root.get("subscribeTime"), minDate)); } if(null != maxDate){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.lessThan(root.get("subscribeTime"), maxDate)); } if(null != nickname){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("nickname"), "%"+nickname+"%")); } return criteriaBuilder.and(predicates.toArray(new Predicate[predicates.size()])); } }; resultList = this.weChatGzUserInfoRepository.findAll(querySpecifi); return resultList; }
and到一塊兒的話全部條件就是且關係,or就是或關係了。
其實也是在Stack Overflow上看到的。