spring 依賴注入時,何時會建立代理類

問題來源

 之前一直有個疑惑,爲何我建立的controller中注入的service類有時候是代理類,有時候是普通javabean,當時能力不夠,如今已經有了點經驗就大膽跟了跟源碼,看看到底咋回事。java

  首先看看問題現象:spring

  

   a1:service是代理類,而且是CGLIB類型代理mvc

  

    a2:service是代理類,而且是jdk 動態代理app

  b:serivce不是代理類,而是普通類 ide

問題分析

 我對service類進行了如下的測試:(前提開啓事務註解<tx:annotation-driven/>)函數

  1)service方法添加@Transactional註解或者加入其它的aop攔截配置,沒有實現任何接口。   對應問題現狀 a1post

  2)service方法添加@Transactional註解或者加入其它的aop攔截配置,實現了接口。              對應問題現狀a2測試

  3)serice方法沒有添加@Transactional註解或者其它的aop攔截配置。                                      對應問題現狀bui

 看來出現這種問題的緣由就是spring的問題,由於這個類是它建立的,這就須要咱們來看下spring建立bean的代碼,因爲spring太龐大了this

咱們只看最關鍵的部分,在建立bean是都會調用getBean()方法,

 

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
            @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
      return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
    }

     通過不斷的流轉會進入AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的createBean方法

@Override
    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {try {
            Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            return beanInstance;
        }
        catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
            // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
            // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
            throw ex;
        }

    }

而後調用doCreateBean方法

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
        instanceWrapper
= createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args); } final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance(); Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass(); if (beanType != NullBean.class) { mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType; }// Initialize the bean instance. Object exposedObject = bean; try { populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper); exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); } catch (Throwable ex) { if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) { throw (BeanCreationException) ex; } else { throw new BeanCreationException( mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex); } }return exposedObject; }

 

而後進入核心的createBeanInstance方法,省去了不相關方法

protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
        return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
    }

而後調用instantiateBean進行bea的實例化

protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
        try {
            Object beanInstance;
            final BeanFactory parent = this;
            if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
                        getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
                        getAccessControlContext());
            }
            else {
                beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
            }
            BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
            initBeanWrapper(bw);
            return bw;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
        }
    }

 

實例化時會調用SimpleInstantiationStrategy的instantiate方法

@Override
    public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
        // Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
        if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
            Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
            synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
                constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
                if (constructorToUse == null) {
                    final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
                    if (clazz.isInterface()) {
                        throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
                    }
                    try {
                        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                            constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                                    (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
                        }
                        else {
                            constructorToUse =    clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
                        }
                        bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
                    }
                    catch (Throwable ex) {
                        throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
                    }
                }
            }
            return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
        }
        else {
            // Must generate CGLIB subclass.
            return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
        }
    }

該方法就是真正的實例化bean,根據不一樣狀況經過CGLIB的方式

instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner)

或者java的反射方式

BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse)

實例化一個bean,這是時候都是一個純潔無瑕的javabean,那每一個bean的額外加工,例如爲某個bean添加事務支持,

添加aop配置,還有就是將springmvc的controller進行url和handler的映射,等等這些都是在spring的擴展點完成的,回到

上面的doCreateBean方法

執行完實例化bean後執行

populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);

其中的populateBean是爲了給生成的bean裝配屬性,這不是咱們此次討論的重點,關鍵是initializebean方法

protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
                return null;
            }, getAccessControlContext());
        }
        else {
            invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
        }

        Object wrappedBean = bean;
        if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
            wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
        }

        try {
            invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
                    beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
        }
        if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
            wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
        }

        return wrappedBean;
    }

 這個方法就是對生成的bean進行一些擴展處理,主要是這個方法就,會調用咱們自定義的擴展點

applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
            throws BeansException {

        Object result = existingBean;
        for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
            Object current = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
            if (current == null) {
                return result;
            }
            result = current;
        }
        return result;
    }

能夠看到這裏是獲取全部的beanProcessor,調用postProcessAfterInitialization方法,咱們要關注是的一個叫InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator

的擴展類。

/**
 * Auto-proxy creator that considers infrastructure Advisor beans only,
 * ignoring any application-defined Advisors.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 2.0.7
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator extends AbstractAdvisorAutoProxyCreator {}

看下這個類的註釋能夠發現這個類是爲配置了aop配置(包括註解和xml配置兩種方式)的類,生成代理類。

核心方法是下面這個方法wrapIfNecessary方法。

protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
        if (beanName != null && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
            return bean;
        }
        if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
            return bean;
        }
        if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
            this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
            return bean;
        }

        // Create proxy if we have advice.
        Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
        if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
            this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
            Object proxy = createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
            this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
            return proxy;
        }

        this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
        return bean;
    }

下面解析下這個函數

首先看下getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean這個方法:名字很明顯用來獲取當前bean的advisor和adices的,這些都是生成代理類時須要的信息。

protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, TargetSource targetSource) {
        List<Advisor> advisors = findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);
        if (advisors.isEmpty()) {
            return DO_NOT_PROXY;
        }
        return advisors.toArray();
    }

而後調用findEligibleAdvisors,獲取配置的advisor信息

protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
        List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = findCandidateAdvisors();
        List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);
        extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
        if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
            eligibleAdvisors = sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
        }
        return eligibleAdvisors;
    }

來看下findCandidateAdvisors方法,最終調用BeanFactoryAdvisorRetrievalHelper.findAdvisorBeans

public List<Advisor> findAdvisorBeans() {
        // Determine list of advisor bean names, if not cached already.
        String[] advisorNames = null;
        synchronized (this) {
            advisorNames = this.cachedAdvisorBeanNames;
            if (advisorNames == null) {
                // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
                // uninitialized to let the auto-proxy creator apply to them!
                advisorNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
                        this.beanFactory, Advisor.class, true, false);
                this.cachedAdvisorBeanNames = advisorNames;
            }
        }
        if (advisorNames.length == 0) {
            return new LinkedList<>();
        }

        List<Advisor> advisors = new LinkedList<>();
        for (String name : advisorNames) {
            if (isEligibleBean(name)) {
                if (this.beanFactory.isCurrentlyInCreation(name)) {
                    
                }
                else {
                    try {
                        advisors.add(this.beanFactory.getBean(name, Advisor.class));
                    }
                    catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
                      throw ex;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return advisors;
    }

1)首先獲取spring管理的Advisor類型的類名稱。

2)經過beanFactory獲取該bean對應的實體類,並裝入advisors。

生成的這個advisor但是至關複雜,這裏咱們以事務advisor爲例說明

能夠看到這個advisor包含了advice(aop中的通知),pointcut(aop中的切入點),

advice是TransactionInterceptor,這個通知是用來管理spring的事務的能夠看到包含事務的管理器等管理事務的屬性,具體的方法見TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction
pointcut是TransactionAttributeSourcePointcut,
public boolean matches(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) {
        if (targetClass != null && TransactionalProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(targetClass)) {
            return false;
        }
        TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
        return (tas == null || tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) != null);
    }
這個是pointcut的核心方法,用來匹配某個類是否符合事務管理的aop攔截要求。
ok,回到以前的wrapIfNecessary方法
protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
        if (beanName != null && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
            return bean;
        }
        if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
            return bean;
        }
        if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
            this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
            return bean;
        }

        // Create proxy if we have advice.
        Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);
        if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
            this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
            Object proxy = createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
            this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
            return proxy;
        }

        this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
        return bean;
    }

咱們以前分析道getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean方法,能夠看到若是獲得的結果是DO_NOT_PROXY,就會將這個bean直接返回,

若是不是DO_NOT_PROXY,(其實DO_NOT_PROXY就是null,可是使用DO_NOT_PROXY會使得代碼邏輯更加清晰),就會執行

createProxy方法,建立一個代理類,而後返回一個代理類,ok,如今咱們就清楚了問題分析中的 第3)和第 1) 2) 區別,那就是

service類是否配置了相關的aop攔截配置,不管是註解仍是xml形式,目前咱們還不清楚第1)和 第2)的區別,就是爲何有時候

生成jdk代理,有時候生成cglib代理,這就須要繼續向下看creatProxy方法了,最終會進入一個DefaultAopProxyFactory的createAopProxy

方法:

public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
        if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
            Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
            if (targetClass == null) {
                throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
                        "Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
            }
            if (targetClass.isInterface() || Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {
                return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
            }
            return new ObjenesisCglibAopProxy(config);
        }
        else {
            return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
        }
    }

若是目標類是接口就必定會使用jdk代理,若是目標類沒有能夠代理的接口就必定會使用Cglib代理。

問題總結

這個問題咱們如今知道了,那他有什麼意義呢,換句話說,咱們爲何要知道這個,即便不知道原理,咱們也能夠去搜搜去解決,在我看來

把他弄明白的過程學會了不少知識,並且咱們若是在工做過程當中遇到了須要擴展的地方,咱們能夠很容易的去解決。

最後歡迎你們在評論區留言,有什麼想法說出來,共同進步。

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