pytest文檔2-用例運行規則

用例設計原則

• 文件名以test_*.py文件和*_test.py
• 以test_開頭的函數
• 以Test開頭的類
• 以test_開頭的方法
• 全部的包pakege必需要有__init__.py文件

help幫助

1.查看pytest命令行參數，能夠用pytest -h 或pytest --help查看

C:\Users\admin>pytest -h
usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]

positional arguments:
  file_or_dir

general:
  -k EXPRESSION         only run tests which match the given substring
                        expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
                        expression where all names are substring-matched
                        against test names and their parent classes. Example:
                        -k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test
                        functions and classes whose name contains
                        'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not
                        test_method' matches those that don't contain
                        'test_method' in their names. Additionally keywords
                        are matched to classes and functions containing extra
                        names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as
                        functions which have names assigned directly to them.
  -m MARKEXPR           only run tests matching given mark expression.
                        example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
  --markers             show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
  -x, --exitfirst       exit instantly on first error or failed test

reporting:
  -v, --verbose         increase verbosity.
  -q, --quiet           decrease verbosity.
  --verbosity=VERBOSE   set verbosity
 
只貼了一部分

按如下目錄寫用例

D:YOYO\
    __init__.py
    
    test_class.py
        #  content of  test_class.py  
        class TestClass:
            def test_one(self):
                x = "this"
                assert 'h' in x
        
            def test_two(self):
                x = "hello"
                assert hasattr(x, 'check')
                
            def test_three(self):
                a = "hello"
                b = "hello world"
                assert a in b
            
    test_sample.py
        #  content of  test_sample.py
        def func(x):
            return x +1
    
        def test_answer():
            assert func(3)==5

python -m

cmd執行pytest用例有三種方法,如下三種方法均可以，通常推薦第一個

• pytest

• py.test

• python -m pytest

若是不帶參數，在某個文件夾下執行時，它會查找該文件夾下全部的符合條件的用例（查看用例設計原則）

執行用例規則

1.執行某個目錄下全部的用例

pytest 文件名/

2.執行某一個py文件下用例

pytest 腳本名稱.py

3.-k 按關鍵字匹配

pytest -k "MyClass and not method"

這將運行包含與給定字符串表達式匹配的名稱的測試，其中包括Python
使用文件名，類名和函數名做爲變量的運算符。 上面的例子將運行
TestMyClass.test_something但不運行TestMyClass.test_method_simple

4.按節點運行

每一個收集的測試都分配了一個惟一的nodeid，它由模塊文件名和後跟說明符組成
來自參數化的類名，函數名和參數，由:: characters分隔。

運行.py模塊裏面的某個函數

pytest test_mod.py::test_func

運行.py模塊裏面,測試類裏面的某個方法

pytest test_mod.py::TestClass::test_method

5.標記表達式

pytest -m slow

將運行用@ pytest.mark.slow裝飾器修飾的全部測試。

6.從包裏面運行

pytest --pyargs pkg.testing

這將導入pkg.testing並使用其文件系統位置來查找和運行測試。

-x 遇到錯誤時中止測試

pytest -x test_class.py

從運行結果能夠看出，原本有3個用例，第二個用例失敗後就沒繼續往下執行了

D:\YOYO>pytest -x test_class.py
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-3.6.3, py-1.5.4, pluggy-0.6.0
rootdir: D:\YOYO, inifile:
collected 3 items

test_class.py .F

================================== FAILURES ===================================
_____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________

self = <YOYO.test_class.TestClass object at 0x0000000003A29780>

    def test_two(self):
        x = "hello"
>       assert hasattr(x, 'check')
E       AssertionError: assert False
E        +  where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')

test_class.py:11: AssertionError
===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.05 seconds ======================

--maxfail=num

pytest --maxfail=1

當用例錯誤個數達到指定數量時，中止測試

D:\YOYO>pytest --maxfail=1
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-3.6.3, py-1.5.4, pluggy-0.6.0
rootdir: D:\YOYO, inifile:
collected 4 items

test_class.py .F

================================== FAILURES ===================================
_____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________

self = <YOYO.test_class.TestClass object at 0x0000000003A3D080>

    def test_two(self):
        x = "hello"
>       assert hasattr(x, 'check')
E       AssertionError: assert False
E        +  where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')

test_class.py:11: AssertionError
===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.06 seconds ======================

---------------------------------pytest結合selenium自動化完整版-------------------------

全書購買地址 https://yuedu.baidu.com/ebook/902224ab27fff705cc1755270722192e4536582b

做者：上海-悠悠 QQ交流羣：874033608

也能夠關注下個人我的公衆號：yoyoketang