今天比較忙,水一下html
下面的代碼來源於這個視頻裏面提到的,github 的連接爲:github.com/mikeckenned…python
第一個代碼以下,就是一個普通的 for 循環爬蟲。原文地址。git
import requests
import bs4
from colorama import Fore
def main():
get_title_range()
print("Done.")
def get_html(episode_number: int) -> str:
print(Fore.YELLOW + f"Getting HTML for episode {episode_number}", flush=True)
url = f'https://talkpython.fm/{episode_number}'
resp = requests.get(url)
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
def get_title(html: str, episode_number: int) -> str:
print(Fore.CYAN + f"Getting TITLE for episode {episode_number}", flush=True)
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
header = soup.select_one('h1')
if not header:
return "MISSING"
return header.text.strip()
def get_title_range():
# Please keep this range pretty small to not DDoS my site. ;)
for n in range(185, 200):
html = get_html(n)
title = get_title(html, n)
print(Fore.WHITE + f"Title found: {title}", flush=True)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
複製代碼
這段代碼跑完花了37s,而後咱們用 pycharm 的 profiler 工具來具體看看哪些地方比較耗時間。github
點擊Profile (文件名稱)
web
以後獲取到獲得一個詳細的函數調用關係、耗時圖:api
能夠看到 get_html
這個方法佔了96.7%的時間。這個程序的 IO 耗時達到了97%,獲取 html 的時候,這段時間內程序就在那死等着。若是咱們可以讓他不要在那兒傻傻地等待 IO 完成,而是開始幹些其餘有意義的事,就能節省大量的時間。bash
稍微作一個計算,試用asyncio
異步抓取,能將時間下降多少?session
get_html
這個方法耗時36.8s
,一共調用了15
次,說明實際上獲取一個連接的 html 的時間爲36.8s / 15
= 2.4s
。**要是全異步的話,獲取15個連接的時間仍是2.4s。**而後加上get_title
這個函數的耗時0.6s
,因此咱們估算,改進後的程序將能夠用 3s
左右的時間完成,也就是性能可以提高13倍。app
再看下改進後的代碼。原文地址。異步
import asyncio
from asyncio import AbstractEventLoop
import aiohttp
import requests
import bs4
from colorama import Fore
def main():
# Create loop
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(get_title_range(loop))
print("Done.")
async def get_html(episode_number: int) -> str:
print(Fore.YELLOW + f"Getting HTML for episode {episode_number}", flush=True)
# Make this async with aiohttp's ClientSession
url = f'https://talkpython.fm/{episode_number}'
# resp = await requests.get(url)
# resp.raise_for_status()
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(url) as resp:
resp.raise_for_status()
html = await resp.text()
return html
def get_title(html: str, episode_number: int) -> str:
print(Fore.CYAN + f"Getting TITLE for episode {episode_number}", flush=True)
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
header = soup.select_one('h1')
if not header:
return "MISSING"
return header.text.strip()
async def get_title_range(loop: AbstractEventLoop):
# Please keep this range pretty small to not DDoS my site. ;)
tasks = []
for n in range(190, 200):
tasks.append((loop.create_task(get_html(n)), n))
for task, n in tasks:
html = await task
title = get_title(html, n)
print(Fore.WHITE + f"Title found: {title}", flush=True)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
複製代碼
一樣的步驟生成profile 圖:
可見如今耗時爲大約3.8s,基本符合咱們的預期了。
個人公衆號:全棧不存在的