理解爬蟲原理

做業來源:https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/2881
1. 簡單說明爬蟲原理

  經過訪問請求爬取網頁上的數據

2. 理解爬蟲開發過程

1).簡要說明瀏覽器工做原理;

  URL解析/DNS解析查找域名IP地址,網絡鏈接發起HTTP請求,HTTP報文傳輸過程,服務器接收數據,服務器響應請求/MVC,服務器返回數據,客戶端接收數據,瀏覽器加載/渲染頁面,打印繪製輸出所看到的網頁。

2).使用 requests 庫抓取網站數據;
requests.get(url) 獲取校園新聞首頁html代碼
import requests
url ='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
html = requests.get(url)
html.encoding ='utf-8'
print(html.text)

  

2.瞭解網頁php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>做業一</title>
<stytle>

</stytle>

</head>
<body>
    <form>
        <div id="name" class='content'><label>idddd</label><input type="text"></div>
        <div id="password" class='content'><label>passssword</label><input type="text"></div>
    </form>

    <button>德瑪西亞</button>
    <button>拿錘子的人</button>
    <button>已經作出了選擇</button>
    <button>獵殺陷入黑暗的</button>
</body>
</html>

  

3.提取一篇校園新聞的標題、發佈時間、發佈單位、做者、點擊次數、內容等信息html

 

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

from datetime import datetime

url = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0320/11029.html'
html = requests.get(url)
html.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text,'html.parser')
title = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text
time = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text.split()[0:2]
time = ' '.join(time)[5:]
time = datetime.strptime(time,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
add = str(soup.select('.show-info')[0].text.split()[4])
writer = str(soup.select('.show-info')[0].text.split()[2])
DingUrl="http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id=11052&modelid=80"
ding=int(requests.get(DingUrl).text.split('.html')[-1][2:-3])
Ding = '點擊次數:{}'.format(ding)
Nr = soup.select('#content')[0].text.split()

print(title)
print('發佈時間:{}'.format(time))
print(add)
print(writer)
print(Ding)
print(Nr[0]+'\n'+Nr[2]+'\n'+Nr[4]+'\n'+Nr[6])

  

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