Python實現簡單接口自動化測試

使用excel進行用例的管理，如圖：

如下爲這次根據公司全部接口以及返回的參數進行判斷來實現的：

# coding:utf-8import requestsimport jsonimport xlrdimport osfrom xlutils.copy import copyimport loggingimport sys# import Cookie'''簡易版接口自動化測試'''defaultencoding = 'utf-8'if sys.getdefaultencoding() != defaultencoding:    reload(sys)    sys.setdefaultencoding(defaultencoding)  # 在eclipse裏該報錯不須要理會# 獲取token值par1 = {"userName": "xxxxxxxxxx", "password": "xxxxxxxx"}url1 = "http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"r1 = requests.get(url1, params=par1)LOGIN_TOKEN = r1.cookies["authToken"]# print LOGIN_TOKEN# 建立日記logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename) s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',                    filename=r'C:\Users\admin\Desktop\TestLog.log',                    filemode='w'                    )# 定義一個StreamHandler，將INFO級別或更高的日誌信息打印到標準錯誤，並將其添加到當前的日誌處理對象#console = logging.StreamHandler()console.setLevel(logging.INFO)formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s:%(levelname)-8s %(message)s')console.setFormatter(formatter)logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)excel = r'C:\Users\admin\Desktop\test_case_yang1.xls'  # 定義存放用例的excel路徑，當前路徑下data = xlrd.open_workbook(excel)logging.info("打開%s excel表格成功 " % data)result = []  # 用來存放驗證結果responseValue = []  # 存放返回的數據bidui = []  # 用來比對預期狀態碼和實際狀態碼remark = []  # 用來存儲outparam內嵌部分出現的異常狀況test_result = []  # 用來存放測試結果table = data.sheet_by_index(0)nrow = table.nrows  # 獲取行數headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8"}for i in range(1, nrow):  # 循環獲取每行中的數據    requestMethod = table.cell(i, 6).value    url = table.cell(i, 5).value  # 拼接url    logging.info(url)    payload = eval(table.cell(i, 7).value)  # 參數格式處理    logging.info('\n' + table.cell(i, 2).value + "請求報文：\n" + table.cell(i, 7).value + '\n')    ex = table.cell(i, 8).value  # 獲取指望的返回值    # 能夠在這裏作一個異常處理    if requestMethod == 'get':  # 不一樣的方法發不一樣的請求        payload["authToken"] = LOGIN_TOKEN        r = requests.get(url, payload)    elif requestMethod == 'post':        payload["LOGIN_TOKEN"] = LOGIN_TOKEN        payload = json.dumps(payload)        r = requests.post(url, payload, headers=headers)    apicontent = r.json()    apicontent = json.dumps(apicontent, ensure_ascii=False)    logging.info('\n' + table.cell(i, 2).value + "接口返回結果：\n" + apicontent + '\n')    apicontent = json.loads(apicontent)    if apicontent["result"] == "SUCCESS" or apicontent["result"] == 0:        result.append('true')        # 獲取接口返回內嵌outparam字段內容        # result_out=apicontent["outparam"]        if "outparam" in r.json():            result_out = r.json()["outparam"]            result_out1 = json.dumps(result_out, ensure_ascii=False)            result_outparam = json.loads(result_out1)            if "BUSI_RESULT" in result_outparam.keys():                if result_outparam["BUSI_RESULT"] == "ERROR":                    remark.append(result_outparam["BUSI_RESULT_DESC"])                    test_result.append(u'測試不經過')                else:                    remark.append(u'——')                    test_result.append(u'測試經過')            elif "RESULT" in result_outparam.keys():                # 針對outparam裏有相同的RESULT字段，不一樣的DESC作判斷                if result_outparam["RESULT"] == "ERROR":                    if "BUSI_RESULT_DESC" in result_outparam.keys():                        remark.append(result_outparam["BUSI_RESULT_DESC"])                        test_result.append(u'測試不經過')                    elif "RESULT_DESC" in result_outparam.keys():                        remark.append(result_outparam["RESULT_DESC"])                        test_result.append(u'測試不經過')                    else:                        pass                else:                    remark.append(u'——')                    test_result.append(u'測試經過')            else:                remark.append(u'——')                test_result.append(u'測試經過')        else:            remark.append(u'——')            test_result.append(u'測試經過')    else:        result.append('false')    logging.info(r)    if 'result_desc' in r.json().keys():        responseValue.append(r.json()['result_desc'])    elif 'errorMessage' in r.json().keys():  # 有些錯誤的信息描述是這個字段:針對於有些接口的get請求        if r.json()["result"] == 0:            responseValue.append(u'接口正常')        else:            responseValue.append(u'接口不正常')            # responseValue.append(r.json()['errorMessage'])            # 在列表上寫入不能留有空，不然結果輸出會報：IndexError: list index out of range            # remark.append(u'測試不經過')            remark.append(r.json()['errorMessage'])            test_result.append(u'測試不經過')    elif 'resultDesc' in r.json().keys():        responseValue.append(r.json()['resultDesc'])    else:        responseValue.append(u'接口正常')    # 預期結果和接口實際返回的結果比對    if r.json()["result"] == ex:        bidui.append(u"預期結果一致")    else:        bidui.append(u"預期結果不一致")    r.close()    print('共有%d個url，當第%d個執行完畢' % (nrow - 1, i))book = copy(data)sheet1 = book.get_sheet(0)  # copy原來的excelfor j in range(1, nrow):  # 將結果寫入到對應的表格中  #將結果和response都寫入到複製的工做表中    sheet1.write(j, 9, result[j - 1])    sheet1.write(j, 10, bidui[j - 1])    sheet1.write(j, 11, responseValue[j - 1])    sheet1.write(j, 12, remark[j - 1])    sheet1.write(j, 13, test_result[j - 1])os.remove(excel)logging.info(sheet1)book.save(excel)  # 移除原來的excel，保存新的excel最後實現的結果如上圖展現聲明：此代碼是借鑑網上某位大神的代碼，再根據現階段公司的接口狀況進行調試實現的