python psutil監控系統資源【轉】
經過 運用 Python 第三方 系統 基礎 模塊， 能夠 輕鬆 獲取 服務 關鍵 運營 指標 數據，包括 Linux 基本 性能、 塊 設備、 網卡 接口、 系統 信息、 網絡 地址 庫 等 信息。 在 採集 到這 些 數據 後， 咱們 就能夠全方位 瞭解 系統 服務 的 狀態，再結合 告警 機制， 能夠 在 第一 時間 響應， 將 異常 出現 在 苗頭 時 就得 以 處理。css
1 查看是否安裝pythonhtml
Last login: Thu Oct 22 09:28:13 2015 from 192.168.102.252
-bash-3.2$ python
Python 2.4.3 (#1, Jun 11 2009, 14:09:37)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> copyright
Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Python Software Foundation.
All Rights Reserved.python
2 安裝psutil 模塊linux
psutil 是 一個 跨 平臺 庫（ http:// code. google. com/ p/ psutil/）， 可以 輕鬆 實現 獲取 系統 運行 的 進程 和 系統 利用率（ 包括 CPU、 內存、 磁盤、 網絡 等） 信息。ios
它 實現 了 同等 命令行 工具 提供 的 功能， 如 ps、 top、 lsof、 netstat、 ifconfig、 who、 df、 kill、 free、 nice、 ionice、 iostat、 iotop、 uptime、 pidof、 tty、 taskset、pmap 等。目前 支持 32 位 和 64 位 的 Linux、 Windows、 OS X、 FreeBSD 和 Sun Solaris 等 操做系統， 支持 從 2. 4 到 3. 4 的 Python 版本。請選擇適合本身的版本web
下載地址 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/
chrome
如下是安裝步驟 （附錄二有各操做系統平臺的安裝方法）shell
[root@localhost oracle]# cd /peter/express
[root@localhost peter]# ls
jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin mnt netlog netlog.1124 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz rkhunter-1.4.2 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]# ll
total 688
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2bootstrap
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]# tar -zxvf psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz ####此處解壓
psutil-2.0.0/
psutil-2.0.0/README
psutil-2.0.0/PKG-INFO
psutil-2.0.0/MANIFEST.in
psutil-2.0.0/HISTORY
psutil-2.0.0/TODO
psutil-2.0.0/make.bat
psutil-2.0.0/examples/
psutil-2.0.0/examples/meminfo.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/disk_usage.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/iotop.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/killall.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/free.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/pmap.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/netstat.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/who.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/nettop.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/top.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/process_detail.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/
psutil-2.0.0/test/__init__.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/README
psutil-2.0.0/test/test_psutil.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_osx.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_bsd.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_posix.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_linux.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_sunos.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/test_memory_leaks.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_windows.py
psutil-2.0.0/Makefile
psutil-2.0.0/docs/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/README
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/pydoctheme.css
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/theme.conf
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexsidebar.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexcontent.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/page.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/globaltoc.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/make.bat
psutil-2.0.0/docs/Makefile
psutil-2.0.0/docs/index.rst
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/copybutton.js
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/logo.png
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/sidebar.js
psutil-2.0.0/docs/conf.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/PKG-INFO
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/top_level.txt
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
psutil-2.0.0/LICENSE
psutil-2.0.0/setup.py
psutil-2.0.0/CREDITS
psutil-2.0.0/setup.cfg
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/__init__.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_compat.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_common.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psosx.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pssunos.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psbsd.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/ntextapi.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/glpi.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psposix.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pslinux.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pswindows.py
[root@localhost peter]# ll
total 692
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124
drwxr-xr-x 7 1000 1000 4096 Mar 10 2014 psutil-2.0.0
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]#
[root@localhost peter]# cd psutil-2.0.0
[root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]# python setup.py install ###安裝
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psosx.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pssunos.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pslinux.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psbsd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pswindows.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psposix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
running build_ext
building '_psutil_linux' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_linux.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o
psutil/_psutil_linux.c: In function 'psutil_proc_cpu_affinity_set':
psutil/_psutil_linux.c:327: warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so
building '_psutil_posix' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_posix.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so
running install_lib
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages
creating /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psosx.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pssunos.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/__init__.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pslinux.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psbsd.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_compat.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pswindows.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psposix.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_common.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psosx.py to _psosx.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pssunos.py to _pssunos.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/__init__.py to __init__.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py to _pslinux.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psbsd.py to _psbsd.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_compat.py to _compat.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pswindows.py to _pswindows.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psposix.py to _psposix.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_common.py to _common.pyc
[root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]#
3 進入python 試一下 psutil 模塊是否安裝正確
#python
You are now leaving help and returning to the Python interpreter.
If you want to ask for help on a particular object directly from the
interpreter, you can type "help(object)". Executing "help('string')"
has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt.
>>> import psutil
>>> psutil.cpu_times()
scputimes(user=7924.96, nice=212.0, system=1933.8, idle=12099434.460000001, iowait=3665.8400000000001, irq=83.379999999999995, softirq=491.57999999999998, steal=0.0)
>>> psutil.swap_memory()
sswap(total=8439095296L, used=921686016L, free=7517409280L, percent=10.9, sin=2560000, sout=636985344)
>>> psutil.swap_memory().free
7517409280L
>>>
調用函數： 函數名.參數
後面附函數&參數列表
4 經過一個案例見證如下psutil 的功能
如下經過shell &python實現一個服務器信息的簡單監控，執行我作好的腳步
[root@localhost peter]# ./peter.sh
開機時間：2015-10-22 09:22:39
當前CPU使用率：1.9%
物理內存：7950M 使用率：10.6%
Swap內存：8024M 使用率：10.9%
發送：12653809 Byte 發送包數：122654個
接收：5585369078 Byte 接收包數：46197965個
盤符: /dev/sda3 掛載點: / 使用率: 29.6%
盤符: /dev/sda5 掛載點: /oracle 使用率: 29.6%
盤符: /dev/sda2 掛載點: /oracle/oradata 使用率: 42.8%
盤符: /dev/sda1 掛載點: /boot 使用率: 11.8%
盤符: /dev/sdb1 掛載點: /oracle/oradata2 使用率: 53.3%
[root@localhost peter]#
下面看一下peter.sh的內容內容，你們直接粘過去就能用。有興趣的朋友能夠本身再優化一下
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import psutil
import time
import sys
from optparse import OptionParser
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("-t", "--time", dest="time",
help="此參數可查看當前下載佔的帶寬,-t是測試時間", metavar="10")
parser.add_option("-d", "--deamon",action="store_false", dest="deamon", default=True,
help="後臺運行此腳本")
def Sysinfo():
Boot_Start = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(psutil.boot_time()))
time.sleep(0.5)
Cpu_usage = psutil.cpu_percent()
RAM = int(psutil.virtual_memory().total/(1027*1024))
RAM_percent = psutil.virtual_memory().percent
Swap = int(psutil.swap_memory().total/(1027*1024))
Swap_percent = psutil.swap_memory().percent
Net_sent = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_sent
Net_recv = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
Net_spkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_sent
Net_rpkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_recv
BFH = r'%'
print " \033[1;32m開機時間：%s\033[1;m" % Boot_Start
print " \033[1;32m當前CPU使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Cpu_usage,BFH)
print " \033[1;32m物理內存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (RAM,RAM_percent,BFH)
print "\033[1;32mSwap內存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Swap,Swap_percent,BFH)
print " \033[1;32m發送：%d Byte\t發送包數：%d個\033[1;m" % (Net_sent,Net_spkg)
print " \033[1;32m接收：%d Byte\t接收包數：%d個\033[1;m" % (Net_recv,Net_rpkg)
for i in psutil.disk_partitions():
print " \033[1;32m盤符: %s 掛載點: %s 使用率: %s%s\033[1;m" % (i[0],i[1],psutil.disk_usage(i[1])[3],BFH)
def Net_io(s):
x = 0
sum = 0
while True:
if x >= s:
break
r1 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
time.sleep(1)
r2 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
y = r2 - r1
print "%.2f Kb/s" % (y / 1024.0)
sum += y
x += 1
result = sum / x
print "\033[1;32m%s秒內平均速度：%.2f Kb/s \033[1;m" % (x,result / 1024.0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if options.time:
Net_io(int(options.time))
else:
Sysinfo()
######腳本至此結束
附錄1 psutil 模塊的其它用法：
Example usages
CPU
>>> import psutil >>> psutil.cpu_times() scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0) >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1) ... 4.0 5.9 3.8 >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True) ... [4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2] [7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1] [1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2] >>> >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False) ... scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) >>> >>> psutil.cpu_count() 4 >>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) 2 >>>
Memory
>>> psutil.virtual_memory() svmem(total=8374149120, available=2081050624, percent=75.1, used=8074080256, free=300068864, active=3294920704, inactive=1361616896, buffers=529895424, cached=1251086336) >>> psutil.swap_memory() sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944) >>>
Disks
>>> psutil.disk_partitions() [sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext, opts='rw')] >>> >>> psutil.disk_usage('/') sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5) >>> >>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False) sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568) >>>
Network
>>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) {'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)} >>> >>> psutil.net_connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=None), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT', pid=None) ...] >>> >>> psutil.net_if_addrs() {'lo': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)], 'wlan0': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]} >>> >>> psutil.net_if_stats() {'eth0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_FULL: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: 0>, speed=0, mtu=65536)}
Other system info
>>> psutil.users() [user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0), user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0)] >>> >>> psutil.boot_time() 1365519115.0 >>>
Process management
>>> import psutil >>> psutil.pids() [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224, 268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355, 2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245, 4263, 4282, 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358, 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235, 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071] >>> >>> p = psutil.Process(7055) >>> p.name() 'python' >>> p.exe() '/usr/bin/python' >>> p.cwd() '/home/giampaolo' >>> p.cmdline() ['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py'] >>> >>> p.status() 'running' >>> p.username() 'giampaolo' >>> p.create_time() 1267551141.5019531 >>> p.terminal() '/dev/pts/0' >>> >>> p.uids() puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> p.gids() pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> >>> p.cpu_times() pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31) >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0) 12.1 >>> p.cpu_affinity() [0, 1, 2, 3] >>> p.cpu_affinity([0]) # set >>> >>> p.memory_percent() 0.63423 >>> >>> p.memory_info() pmem(rss=7471104, vms=68513792) >>> p.memory_info_ex() extmem(rss=9662464, vms=49192960, shared=3612672, text=2564096, lib=0, data=5754880, dirty=0) >>> p.memory_maps() [pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=16384, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=6384, anonymous=15, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0', rss=34124, anonymous=1245, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]', rss=54653, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=1542, anonymous=166, swap=0), ...] >>> >>> p.io_counters() pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632) >>> >>> p.open_files() [popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/svn/psutil/somefile', fd=3)] >>> >>> p.connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING'), pconn(fd=119, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=123, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT')] >>> >>> p.num_threads() 4 >>> p.num_fds() 8 >>> p.threads() [pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891), pthread(id=5235, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5236, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)] >>> >>> p.num_ctx_switches() pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19) >>> >>> p.nice() 0 >>> p.nice(10) # set >>> >>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE) # IO priority (Win and Linux only) >>> p.ionice() pionice(ioclass=<IOPriority.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE: 3>, value=0) >>> >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5)) # set resource limits (Linux only) >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE) (5, 5) >>> >>> p.suspend() >>> p.resume() >>> >>> p.terminate() >>> p.wait(timeout=3) 0 >>> >>> psutil.test() USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 24584 2240 Jun17 00:00 init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:00 kthreadd root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:05 ksoftirqd/0 ... giampaolo 31475 0.0 0.0 20760 3024 /dev/pts/0 Jun19 00:00 python2.4 giampaolo 31721 0.0 2.2 773060 181896 00:04 10:30 chrome root 31763 0.0 0.0 0 0 00:05 00:00 kworker/0:1 >>>
Further process APIs
>>> for p in psutil.process_iter(): ... print(p) ... psutil.Process(pid=1, name='init') psutil.Process(pid=2, name='kthreadd') psutil.Process(pid=3, name='ksoftirqd/0') ... >>> >>> def on_terminate(proc): ... print("process {} terminated".format(proc)) ... >>> # waits for multiple processes to terminate >>> gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(procs_list, 3, callback=on_terminate) >>>
附錄2 各平臺安裝方法
Installing using pip on UNIX
The easiest way to install psutil on UNIX is by using pip (but first you might need to install python header files; see later). First install pip:
$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py $ python get-pip.py
...then run:
$ pip install psutil
You may need to install gcc and python header files first (see later).
Installing on Windows
Just get the right installer for your Python version and architecture from: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/#downloadsSince wheels installers are also available you may also use pip.
Compiling on Windows using Visual Studio
In order to compile psutil on Windows you'll need Visual Studio (Mingw32 is no longer supported). You must have the same version of Visual Studio used to compile your installation of Python, that is:
* Python 2.6: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 2.7: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 3.3, 3.4: VS 2010 (you can download it from `MS website <http://www.visualstudio.com/downloads/download-visual-studio-vs#d-2010-express>`_) * Python 3.5: `VS 2015 UP <http://www.visualstudio.com/en-au/news/vs2015-preview-vs>`_
...then run:
setup.py build
...or:
make.bat build
Compiling 64 bit versions of Python 2.6 and 2.7 with VS 2008 requires Windows SDK and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 to be installed first. Once you have those run vcvars64.bat, then compile: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11072521/
Installing on Linux
gcc is required and so the python headers. They can easily be installed by using the distro package manager. For example, on Debian and Ubuntu:
$ sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev
...on Redhat and CentOS:
$ sudo yum install gcc python-devel
Once done, you can build/install psutil with:
$ python setup.py install
Installing on OS X
OS X installation from source will require gcc which you can obtain as part of the 'XcodeTools' installer from Apple. Then you can run the standard distutils commands. To build only:
$ python setup.py build
To install and build:
$ python setup.py install
Installing on FreeBSD
The same compiler used to install Python must be present on the system in order to build modules using distutils. Assuming it is installed, you can build using the standard distutils commands.
Build only:
$ python setup.py build
Install and build:
$ python setup.py install
Makefile
A makefile is available for both UNIX and Windows (make.bat). It provides some automations for the tasks described above and might be preferred over using setup.py. With it you can:
$ make install # just install (in --user mode) $ make uninstall # uninstall (needs pip) $ make test # run tests $ make clean # remove installation files
經過 運用 Python 第三方 系統 基礎 模塊， 能夠 輕鬆 獲取 服務 關鍵 運營 指標 數據，包括 Linux 基本 性能、 塊 設備、 網卡 接口、 系統 信息、 網絡 地址 庫 等 信息。 在 採集 到這 些 數據 後， 咱們 就能夠全方位 瞭解 系統 服務 的 狀態，再結合 告警 機制， 能夠 在 第一 時間 響應， 將 異常 出現 在 苗頭 時 就得 以 處理。 1 查看是否安裝python Last login: Thu Oct 22 09:28:13 2015 from 192.168.102.252 -bash-3.2$ python Python 2.4.3 (#1, Jun 11 2009, 14:09:37) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-44)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> copyright Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Python Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved. 2 安裝psutil 模塊 psutil 是 一個 跨 平臺 庫（ http:// code. google. com/ p/ psutil/）， 可以 輕鬆 實現 獲取 系統 運行 的 進程 和 系統 利用率（ 包括 CPU、 內存、 磁盤、 網絡 等） 信息。 它 實現 了 同等 命令行 工具 提供 的 功能， 如 ps、 top、 lsof、 netstat、 ifconfig、 who、 df、 kill、 free、 nice、 ionice、 iostat、 iotop、 uptime、 pidof、 tty、 taskset、pmap 等。目前 支持 32 位 和 64 位 的 Linux、 Windows、 OS X、 FreeBSD 和 Sun Solaris 等 操做系統， 支持 從 2. 4 到 3. 4 的 Python 版本。請選擇適合本身的版本 下載地址 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/ 如下是安裝步驟 （附錄二有各操做系統平臺的安裝方法） [root@localhost oracle]# cd /peter/ [root@localhost peter]# ls jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin mnt netlog netlog.1124 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz rkhunter-1.4.2 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz [root@localhost peter]# ll total 688 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz [root@localhost peter]# tar -zxvf psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz ####此處解壓 psutil-2.0.0/ psutil-2.0.0/README psutil-2.0.0/PKG-INFO psutil-2.0.0/MANIFEST.in psutil-2.0.0/HISTORY psutil-2.0.0/TODO psutil-2.0.0/make.bat psutil-2.0.0/examples/ psutil-2.0.0/examples/meminfo.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/disk_usage.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/iotop.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/killall.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/free.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/pmap.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/netstat.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/who.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/nettop.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/top.py psutil-2.0.0/examples/process_detail.py psutil-2.0.0/test/ psutil-2.0.0/test/__init__.py psutil-2.0.0/test/README psutil-2.0.0/test/test_psutil.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_osx.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_bsd.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_posix.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_linux.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_sunos.py psutil-2.0.0/test/test_memory_leaks.py psutil-2.0.0/test/_windows.py psutil-2.0.0/Makefile psutil-2.0.0/docs/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/README psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/pydoctheme.css psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/theme.conf psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexsidebar.html psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexcontent.html psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/page.html psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/globaltoc.html psutil-2.0.0/docs/make.bat psutil-2.0.0/docs/Makefile psutil-2.0.0/docs/index.rst psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/ psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/copybutton.js psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/logo.png psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/sidebar.js psutil-2.0.0/docs/conf.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/PKG-INFO psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/SOURCES.txt psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/top_level.txt psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/dependency_links.txt psutil-2.0.0/LICENSE psutil-2.0.0/setup.py psutil-2.0.0/CREDITS psutil-2.0.0/setup.cfg psutil-2.0.0/psutil/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil/__init__.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_compat.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_common.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psosx.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pssunos.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psbsd.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/ntextapi.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/glpi.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/ psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.c psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psposix.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.h psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pslinux.py psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pswindows.py [root@localhost peter]# ll total 692 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124 drwxr-xr-x 7 1000 1000 4096 Mar 10 2014 psutil-2.0.0 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz [root@localhost peter]# [root@localhost peter]# cd psutil-2.0.0 [root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]# python setup.py install ###安裝 running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4 creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_psosx.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_pssunos.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_pslinux.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_psbsd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_pswindows.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_psposix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil copying psutil/_common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil running build_ext building '_psutil_linux' extension creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4 creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_linux.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o psutil/_psutil_linux.c: In function 'psutil_proc_cpu_affinity_set': psutil/_psutil_linux.c:327: warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else' gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so building '_psutil_posix' extension gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_posix.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so running install_lib copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages creating /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psosx.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pssunos.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/__init__.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pslinux.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psbsd.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_compat.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pswindows.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psposix.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_common.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psosx.py to _psosx.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pssunos.py to _pssunos.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/__init__.py to __init__.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py to _pslinux.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psbsd.py to _psbsd.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_compat.py to _compat.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pswindows.py to _pswindows.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psposix.py to _psposix.pyc byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_common.py to _common.pyc [root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]# 3 進入python 試一下 psutil 模塊是否安裝正確 #python You are now leaving help and returning to the Python interpreter. If you want to ask for help on a particular object directly from the interpreter, you can type "help(object)". Executing "help('string')" has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt. >>> import psutil >>> psutil.cpu_times() scputimes(user=7924.96, nice=212.0, system=1933.8, idle=12099434.460000001, iowait=3665.8400000000001, irq=83.379999999999995, softirq=491.57999999999998, steal=0.0) >>> psutil.swap_memory() sswap(total=8439095296L, used=921686016L, free=7517409280L, percent=10.9, sin=2560000, sout=636985344) >>> psutil.swap_memory().free 7517409280L >>> 調用函數： 函數名.參數 後面附函數&參數列表 4 經過一個案例見證如下psutil 的功能 如下經過shell &python實現一個服務器信息的簡單監控，執行我作好的腳步 [root@localhost peter]# ./peter.sh 開機時間：2015-10-22 09:22:39 當前CPU使用率：1.9% 物理內存：7950M 使用率：10.6% Swap內存：8024M 使用率：10.9% 發送：12653809 Byte 發送包數：122654個 接收：5585369078 Byte 接收包數：46197965個 盤符: /dev/sda3 掛載點: / 使用率: 29.6% 盤符: /dev/sda5 掛載點: /oracle 使用率: 29.6% 盤符: /dev/sda2 掛載點: /oracle/oradata 使用率: 42.8% 盤符: /dev/sda1 掛載點: /boot 使用率: 11.8% 盤符: /dev/sdb1 掛載點: /oracle/oradata2 使用率: 53.3% [root@localhost peter]# 下面看一下peter.sh的內容內容，你們直接粘過去就能用。有興趣的朋友能夠本身再優化一下 #!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 import psutil import time import sys from optparse import OptionParser parser = OptionParser() parser.add_option("-t", "--time", dest="time", help="此參數可查看當前下載佔的帶寬,-t是測試時間", metavar="10") parser.add_option("-d", "--deamon",action="store_false", dest="deamon", default=True, help="後臺運行此腳本") def Sysinfo(): Boot_Start = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(psutil.boot_time())) time.sleep(0.5) Cpu_usage = psutil.cpu_percent() RAM = int(psutil.virtual_memory().total/(1027*1024)) RAM_percent = psutil.virtual_memory().percent Swap = int(psutil.swap_memory().total/(1027*1024)) Swap_percent = psutil.swap_memory().percent Net_sent = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_sent Net_recv = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv Net_spkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_sent Net_rpkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_recv BFH = r'%' print " \033[1;32m開機時間：%s\033[1;m" % Boot_Start print " \033[1;32m當前CPU使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Cpu_usage,BFH) print " \033[1;32m物理內存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (RAM,RAM_percent,BFH) print "\033[1;32mSwap內存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Swap,Swap_percent,BFH) print " \033[1;32m發送：%d Byte\t發送包數：%d個\033[1;m" % (Net_sent,Net_spkg) print " \033[1;32m接收：%d Byte\t接收包數：%d個\033[1;m" % (Net_recv,Net_rpkg) for i in psutil.disk_partitions(): print " \033[1;32m盤符: %s 掛載點: %s 使用率: %s%s\033[1;m" % (i[0],i[1],psutil.disk_usage(i[1])[3],BFH) def Net_io(s): x = 0 sum = 0 while True: if x >= s: break r1 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv time.sleep(1) r2 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv y = r2 - r1 print "%.2f Kb/s" % (y / 1024.0) sum += y x += 1 result = sum / x print "\033[1;32m%s秒內平均速度：%.2f Kb/s \033[1;m" % (x,result / 1024.0) if __name__ == "__main__": (options, args) = parser.parse_args() if options.time: Net_io(int(options.time)) else: Sysinfo() ######腳本至此結束 附錄1 psutil 模塊的其它用法： Example usages CPU >>> import psutil >>> psutil.cpu_times() scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0) >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1) ... 4.0 5.9 3.8 >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True) ... [4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2] [7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1] [1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2] >>> >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False) ... scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) >>> >>> psutil.cpu_count() 4 >>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) 2 >>> Memory >>> psutil.virtual_memory() svmem(total=8374149120, available=2081050624, percent=75.1, used=8074080256, free=300068864, active=3294920704, inactive=1361616896, buffers=529895424, cached=1251086336) >>> psutil.swap_memory() sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944) >>> Disks >>> psutil.disk_partitions() [sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext, opts='rw')] >>> >>> psutil.disk_usage('/') sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5) >>> >>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False) sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568) >>> Network >>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) {'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)} >>> >>> psutil.net_connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=None), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT', pid=None) ...] >>> >>> psutil.net_if_addrs() {'lo': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)], 'wlan0': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]} >>> >>> psutil.net_if_stats() {'eth0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_FULL: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: 0>, speed=0, mtu=65536)} Other system info >>> psutil.users() [user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0), user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0)] >>> >>> psutil.boot_time() 1365519115.0 >>> Process management >>> import psutil >>> psutil.pids() [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224, 268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355, 2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245, 4263, 4282, 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358, 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235, 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071] >>> >>> p = psutil.Process(7055) >>> p.name() 'python' >>> p.exe() '/usr/bin/python' >>> p.cwd() '/home/giampaolo' >>> p.cmdline() ['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py'] >>> >>> p.status() 'running' >>> p.username() 'giampaolo' >>> p.create_time() 1267551141.5019531 >>> p.terminal() '/dev/pts/0' >>> >>> p.uids() puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> p.gids() pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> >>> p.cpu_times() pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31) >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0) 12.1 >>> p.cpu_affinity() [0, 1, 2, 3] >>> p.cpu_affinity([0]) # set >>> >>> p.memory_percent() 0.63423 >>> >>> p.memory_info() pmem(rss=7471104, vms=68513792) >>> p.memory_info_ex() extmem(rss=9662464, vms=49192960, shared=3612672, text=2564096, lib=0, data=5754880, dirty=0) >>> p.memory_maps() [pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=16384, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=6384, anonymous=15, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0', rss=34124, anonymous=1245, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]', rss=54653, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=1542, anonymous=166, swap=0), ...] >>> >>> p.io_counters() pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632) >>> >>> p.open_files() [popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/svn/psutil/somefile', fd=3)] >>> >>> p.connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING'), pconn(fd=119, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=123, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT')] >>> >>> p.num_threads() 4 >>> p.num_fds() 8 >>> p.threads() [pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891), pthread(id=5235, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5236, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)] >>> >>> p.num_ctx_switches() pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19) >>> >>> p.nice() 0 >>> p.nice(10) # set >>> >>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE) # IO priority (Win and Linux only) >>> p.ionice() pionice(ioclass=<IOPriority.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE: 3>, value=0) >>> >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5)) # set resource limits (Linux only) >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE) (5, 5) >>> >>> p.suspend() >>> p.resume() >>> >>> p.terminate() >>> p.wait(timeout=3) 0 >>> >>> psutil.test() USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 24584 2240 Jun17 00:00 init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:00 kthreadd root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:05 ksoftirqd/0 ... giampaolo 31475 0.0 0.0 20760 3024 /dev/pts/0 Jun19 00:00 python2.4 giampaolo 31721 0.0 2.2 773060 181896 00:04 10:30 chrome root 31763 0.0 0.0 0 0 00:05 00:00 kworker/0:1 >>> Further process APIs >>> for p in psutil.process_iter(): ... print(p) ... psutil.Process(pid=1, name='init') psutil.Process(pid=2, name='kthreadd') psutil.Process(pid=3, name='ksoftirqd/0') ... >>> >>> def on_terminate(proc): ... print("process {} terminated".format(proc)) ... >>> # waits for multiple processes to terminate >>> gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(procs_list, 3, callback=on_terminate) >>> 附錄2 各平臺安裝方法 Installing using pip on UNIX The easiest way to install psutil on UNIX is by using pip (but first you might need to install python header files; see later). First install pip: $ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py $ python get-pip.py ...then run: $ pip install psutil You may need to install gcc and python header files first (see later). Installing on Windows Just get the right installer for your Python version and architecture from: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/#downloadsSince wheels installers are also available you may also use pip. Compiling on Windows using Visual Studio In order to compile psutil on Windows you'll need Visual Studio (Mingw32 is no longer supported). You must have the same version of Visual Studio used to compile your installation of Python, that is: * Python 2.6: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 2.7: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 3.3, 3.4: VS 2010 (you can download it from `MS website <http://www.visualstudio.com/downloads/download-visual-studio-vs#d-2010-express>`_) * Python 3.5: `VS 2015 UP <http://www.visualstudio.com/en-au/news/vs2015-preview-vs>`_ ...then run: setup.py build ...or: make.bat build Compiling 64 bit versions of Python 2.6 and 2.7 with VS 2008 requires Windows SDK and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 to be installed first. Once you have those run vcvars64.bat, then compile: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11072521/ Installing on Linux gcc is required and so the python headers. They can easily be installed by using the distro package manager. For example, on Debian and Ubuntu: $ sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev ...on Redhat and CentOS: $ sudo yum install gcc python-devel Once done, you can build/install psutil with: $ python setup.py install Installing on OS X OS X installation from source will require gcc which you can obtain as part of the 'XcodeTools' installer from Apple. Then you can run the standard distutils commands. To build only: $ python setup.py build To install and build: $ python setup.py install Installing on FreeBSD The same compiler used to install Python must be present on the system in order to build modules using distutils. Assuming it is installed, you can build using the standard distutils commands. Build only: $ python setup.py build Install and build: $ python setup.py install Makefile A makefile is available for both UNIX and Windows (make.bat). It provides some automations for the tasks described above and might be preferred over using setup.py. With it you can: $ make install # just install (in --user mode) $ make uninstall # uninstall (needs pip) $ make test # run tests $ make clean # remove installation files
轉自
Python實現linux自動化運維 （1） - CSDN博客 http://blog.csdn.net/lively1982/article/details/50053257
psutil監控CPU內存磁盤並告警 - CSDN博客 http://blog.csdn.net/lisheninasiainfo/article/details/54848054
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