咱們在作前端表單提交時,常常會遇到要對錶單中的數據進行校驗的問題。若是用戶提交的數據不合法,例如格式不正確、非數字類型、超過最大長度、是否必填項、最大值和最小值等等,咱們須要在相應的地方給出提示信息。若是用戶修正了數據,咱們還要將提示信息隱藏起來。前端
有一些現成的插件可讓你很是方便地實現這一功能,若是你使用的是knockout框架,那麼你能夠藉助於Knockout-Validation這一插件。使用起來很簡單,例如我下面的這一段代碼:react
ko.validation.locale('zh-CN'); ko.validation.rules['money'] = { validator: function (val) { if (val === '') return true; return /^\d+(\.\d{1,2})?$/.test(val); }, message: '輸入的金額不正確' }; ko.validation.rules['moneyNoZero'] = { validator: function (val) { if (val === '') return true; return isNaN(val) || val != 0; }, message: '輸入的金額不能爲0' }; ko.validation.registerExtenders(); var model = { MSRP: ko.observable(0), price: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, number: true, min: 10000, money: true, moneyNoZero: true }), licence_service_fee: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, money: true }), purchase_tax: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, money: true }), vehicle_tax: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, money: true }), insurance: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, money: true }), commercial_insurance: ko.observable().extend({ required: true, money: true }), mortgage: ko.observable(''), interest_discount: ko.observable(''), allowance: ko.observable().extend({ money: true }), special_spec_fee_explain: ko.observable(''), has_extra_fee: ko.observable(false), is_new_energy: ko.observable(false) }; model.extra_fee_explain = ko.observable().extend({ required: { onlyIf: function () { return model.has_extra_fee() === true; } } }); model.extra_fee = ko.observable().extend({ required: { onlyIf: function () { return model.has_extra_fee() === true; } }, money: { onlyIf: function () { return model.has_extra_fee() === true; } } }); model.new_energy_allowance_explain = ko.observable().extend({ required: { onlyIf: function () { return model.is_new_energy() === true; } } }); model.total_price = ko.computed(function () { var _total = Number(model.price()) + Number(model.licence_service_fee()) + Number(model.purchase_tax()) + Number(model.vehicle_tax()) + Number(model.insurance()) + Number(model.commercial_insurance()); if (model.has_extra_fee()) { _total += Number(model.extra_fee()); } if (model.is_new_energy()) { _total -= Number(model.new_energy_allowance()); } return isNaN(_total) ? '0' : _total.toFixed(2).replace(/(\.0*$)|(0*$)/, ''); }); model.errors = ko.validation.group(model); ko.applyBindings(model);
更多使用方法能夠查看github上的說明文檔和示例。git
可是,若是咱們前端使用的是React框架,如何來實現和上面knockout相似的功能呢?咱們能夠考慮將這一相對獨立的功能抽出來,寫成一個React組件。看下面的代碼:github
class ValidationInputs extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super(props); this.state = { isValid: true, required: this.props.required, number: this.props.number, min: this.props.min, max: this.props.max, money: this.props.money, data: null, errors: "" } } componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) { var that = this; if (this.state.data !== nextProps.data) { return setStateQ({data: nextProps.data}, this).then(function () { return that.handleValidation(); }); } } handleValidation() { var fields = this.state.data; // required validation if(this.state.required && isNilOrEmpty(fields)){ return setStateQ({errors: '必須填寫', isValid: false}, this); } // number validation if (this.state.number) { if (isNaN(fields)) { return setStateQ({errors: '請輸入數字', isValid: false}, this); } if (!isNilOrEmpty(this.state.min) && !isNaN(this.state.min) && Number(this.state.min) > Number(fields)) { return setStateQ({errors: '輸入值必須大於等於' + this.state.min, isValid: false}, this); } if (!isNilOrEmpty(this.state.max) && !isNaN(this.state.max) && Number(this.state.max) < Number(fields)) { return setStateQ({errors: '輸入值必須小於等於' + this.state.max, isValid: false}, this); } } // money validation if (this.state.money) { if (fields.length > 0 && !/^\d+(\.\d{1,2})?$/.test(fields)) { return setStateQ({errors: '輸入的金額不正確', isValid: false}, this); } } return setStateQ({errors: '', isValid: true}, this); } render() { return <span className="text-danger">{this.state.errors}</span> } }
該組件支持的驗證項有:app
如何使用?框架
咱們在父組件的render()方法中加入該組件的引用:ui
<div className="item"> <div className="col-xs-4">淨車價:</div> <div className="col-xs-7"> <input type="text" className="form-control" placeholder="0" value={this.state.price} onChange={this.changePrice.bind(this)}/> <ValidationInputs ref="validation1" data={this.state.price} required="true" number="true" min="10000" max="99999999" money="true"/> </div> <div className="col-xs-1 text-center">元</div> <div className="clear"></div> </div>
咱們將price變量加到父組件的state中,並給input控件綁定onChange事件,以便用戶在修改了文本框中的內容時,price變量的值能夠實時傳入到ValidationInputs組件中。這樣,ValidationInputs組件就能夠當即經過本身的handleValidation()方法對傳入的數據按照預先設定的規則進行驗證,並決定是否顯示錯誤信息。this
注意,這裏咱們在引用ValidationInputs組件時,設置了一個ref屬性,這是爲了方便在父組件中得到ValidationInputs組件的驗證結果(成功或失敗)。咱們能夠在父組件中經過下面這個方法來進行判斷(假設父組件中引用了多個ValidationInputs組件,而且每一個引用都設置了不一樣的ref值):spa
// 父組件調用該方法來判斷全部的輸入項是否合法 checkInputs() { for (var r in this.refs) { var _ref = this.refs[r]; if (_ref instanceof ValidationInputs) { if (!_ref.state.isValid) return false; } } return true; }
這樣,咱們在父組件提交數據以前,能夠經過這個方法來判斷全部的數據項是否都已經經過驗證,若是未經過驗證,則不提交表單。插件
其它幾個基於React的數據驗證組件,不過貌似都是server端使用的:
https://github.com/edwardfhsiao/react-inputs-validation
https://github.com/learnetto/react-form-validation-demo
https://learnetto.com/blog/how-to-do-simple-form-validation-in-reactjs