享元模式,「享元」這兩個字在中文裏其實並無什麼特殊的意思,因此咱們要把它拆分來看。「享」就是共享,「元」就是元素,這樣一來彷佛就很容易理解了,共享某些元素嘛。php
GoF定義:運用共享技術有效地支持大量細粒度的對象git
GoF類圖github
代碼實現設計模式
interface Flyweight { public function operation($extrinsicState) : void; } class ConcreteFlyweight implements Flyweight { private $intrinsicState = 101; function operation($extrinsicState) : void { echo '共享享元對象' . ($extrinsicState + $this->intrinsicState) . PHP_EOL; } } class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight implements Flyweight { private $allState = 1000; public function operation($extrinsicState) : void { echo '非共享享元對象:' . ($extrinsicState + $this->allState) . PHP_EOL; } }
定義共享接口以及它的實現,注意這裏有兩個實現,ConcreteFlyweigh進行狀態的共享,UnsharedConcreteFlyweight不共享或者說他的狀態不須要去共享數組
class FlyweightFactory { private $flyweights = []; public function getFlyweight($key) : Flyweight { if (!array_key_exists($key, $this->flyweights)) { $this->flyweights[$key] = new ConcreteFlyweight(); } return $this->flyweights[$key]; } }
保存那些須要共享的對象,作爲一個工廠來建立須要的共享對象,保證相同的鍵值下只會有惟一的對象,節省相同對象建立的開銷微信
$factory = new FlyweightFactory(); $extrinsicState = 100; $flA = $factory->getFlyweight('a'); $flA->operation(--$extrinsicState); $flB = $factory->getFlyweight('b'); $flB->operation(--$extrinsicState); $flC = $factory->getFlyweight('c'); $flC->operation(--$extrinsicState); $flD = new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight(); $flD->operation(--$extrinsicState);
客戶端的調用,讓外部狀態$extrinsicState可以在各個對象之間共享閉包
仍是說到科技以換殼爲本這件事上。畢竟,你們都仍是喜歡各類顏色的手機來彰顯本身的個性。以前說過,若是每種顏色咱們都要作一條生產線的話那豈不是一項巨大的投入。還好,每一個型號咱們的工廠(享元工廠)只生產最基本的背景殼(對象),而後經過專門的印刷線(狀態變化)來進行上色不就好啦!嗯,下一款Iphone遲早也會模仿咱們的,看來咱們得先把各類金、各類土豪色集齊才行,說不定還能召喚神龍呢!!學習
完整代碼:https://github.com/zhangyue0503/designpatterns-php/blob/master/13.flyweights/source/flyweights.php優化
果真不出意外的咱們仍是來發短信,這回的短信依然使用的阿里雲和極光短信來進行發送,不過此次咱們使用享元模式來實現,這裏的享元工廠咱們保存了兩種不一樣類型的對象哦,經過內外狀態來讓它們變幻無窮吧!this
短信發送類圖
<?php interface Message { public function send(User $user); } class AliYunMessage implements Message { private $template; public function __construct($template) { $this->template = $template; } public function send(User $user) { echo '使用阿里雲短信向' . $user->GetName() . '發送:'; echo $this->template->GetTemplate(), PHP_EOL; } } class JiGuangMessage implements Message { private $template; public function __construct($template) { $this->template = $template; } public function send(User $user) { echo '使用極光短信向' . $user->GetName() . '發送:'; echo $this->template->GetTemplate(), PHP_EOL; } } class MessageFactory { private $messages = []; public function GetMessage(Template $template, $type = 'ali') { $key = md5($template->GetTemplate() . $type); if (!key_exists($key, $this->messages)) { if ($type == 'ali') { $this->messages[$key] = new AliYunMessage($template); } else { $this->messages[$key] = new JiGuangMessage($template); } } return $this->messages[$key]; } public function GetMessageCount() { echo count($this->messages); } } class User { public $name; public function GetName() { return $this->name; } } class Template { public $template; public function GetTemplate() { return $this->template; } } // 內部狀態 $t1 = new Template(); $t1->template = '模板1,不錯喲!'; $t2 = new Template(); $t2->template = '模板2,還好啦!'; // 外部狀態 $u1 = new User(); $u1->name = '張三'; $u2 = new User(); $u2->name = '李四'; $u3 = new User(); $u3->name = '王五'; $u4 = new User(); $u4->name = '趙六'; $u5 = new User(); $u5->name = '田七'; // 享元工廠 $factory = new MessageFactory(); // 阿里雲發送 $m1 = $factory->GetMessage($t1); $m1->send($u1); $m2 = $factory->GetMessage($t1); $m2->send($u2); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 1 $m3 = $factory->GetMessage($t2); $m3->send($u2); $m4 = $factory->GetMessage($t2); $m4->send($u3); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 2 $m5 = $factory->GetMessage($t1); $m5->send($u4); $m6 = $factory->GetMessage($t2); $m6->send($u5); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 2 // 加入極光 $m1 = $factory->GetMessage($t1, 'jg'); $m1->send($u1); $m2 = $factory->GetMessage($t1); $m2->send($u2); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 3 $m3 = $factory->GetMessage($t2); $m3->send($u2); $m4 = $factory->GetMessage($t2, 'jg'); $m4->send($u3); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 4 $m5 = $factory->GetMessage($t1, 'jg'); $m5->send($u4); $m6 = $factory->GetMessage($t2, 'jg'); $m6->send($u5); echo $factory->GetMessageCount(), PHP_EOL; // 4
說明
關注公衆號:【硬核項目經理】獲取最新文章
添加微信/QQ好友:【xiaoyuezigonggong/149844827】免費得PHP、項目管理學習資料
知乎、公衆號、抖音、頭條搜索【硬核項目經理】
B站ID:482780532