Java操做Excel

時間  2019-11-24
標籤 java excel 欄目 Java 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

本文主要使用poi與easypoi工具來操做excel。java

easypoi

官方文檔：easypoi.mydoc.io/#text_20297…git

添加依賴

<!-- easypoi  核心依賴包 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
  <artifactId>easypoi-base</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
    <artifactId>easypoi-web</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId>
    <artifactId>easypoi-annotation</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok 的依賴 能夠省去對象的getter、setter方法-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.16.20</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
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導出

實體類

StudentModel類包括學生姓名，學生性別，出生日期以及進校日期：github

package com.lamarsan.excel_demo.model;

import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.Excel;
import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.ExcelTarget;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/** * className: StudentModel * description: TODO * * @author hasee * @version 1.0 * @date 2019/7/11 17:43 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ExcelTarget("studentEntity")
public class StudentModel implements Serializable {
    /** * id */
    private String id;
    /** * 學生姓名 */
    @Excel(name = "學生姓名", height = 20, width = 30, isImportField = "true_st")
    private String name;
    /** * 學生性別 */
    @Excel(name = "學生性別", replace = {"男_1", "女_2"}, suffix = "生", isImportField = "true_st")
    private int sex;

    @Excel(name = "出生日期", databaseFormat = "yyyyMMddHHmmss", format = "yyyy-MM-dd", isImportField = "true_st", width = 20)
    private Date birthday;

    @Excel(name = "進校日期", databaseFormat = "yyyyMMddHHmmss", format = "yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date registrationDate;

}
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導出

使用構造函數構造相應的幾個數據後，編寫導出語句。web

Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(new ExportParams("2412312",  "測試"),CourseModel.class, courseModels);
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調用接口

下載後的excel表格以下。數組

導入

導入

編寫導入語句。瀏覽器

@PostMapping(value = "/excelImport")
public Object importExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {

    //接收導入數組
    List<StudentModel> studentModels = null;
    try {
        studentModels = ExcelImportUtil.importExcel(file.getInputStream(), StudentModel.class, new ImportParams());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return studentModels;
}
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調用接口

使用postman調用接口localhost:8080/excelReader/excelImport，並去掉表格中的表格頭，在body的formdata中選擇file，上傳剛剛導出的文件，key填寫file，獲得返回結果以下。 app

合併單元格導出

實體類定義：

課程實體類CourseModel：ide

package com.lamarsan.excel_demo.model;

import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.Excel;
import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.ExcelCollection;
import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.ExcelEntity;
import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.ExcelTarget;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/** * className: CourseModel * description: TODO * * @author hasee * @version 1.0 * @date 2019/7/11 17:53 */
@Data
@ExcelTarget("courseEntity")
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CourseModel implements Serializable {
    /** * 主鍵 */
    private String id;
    /** * 課程名稱 */
    @Excel(name = "課程名稱", orderNum = "1", width = 25)
    private String name;
    /** * 老師主鍵 */
    @ExcelEntity(id = "absent")
    private TeacherModel mathTeacher;

    @ExcelCollection(name = "學生", orderNum = "4")
    private List<StudentModel> students;

}
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教師實體類TeacherModel：函數

package com.lamarsan.excel_demo.model;

import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.Excel;
import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.annotation.ExcelTarget;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

/** * className: TeacherModel * description: TODO * * @author hasee * @version 1.0 * @date 2019/7/11 17:55 */
@Data
@ExcelTarget("teacherEntity")
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class TeacherModel implements Serializable {
    private String id;
    /** name */
    @Excel(name = "主講老師_major,代課老師_absent", orderNum = "1", isImportField = "true_major,true_absent")
    private String name;
}
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導出

使用構造函數構造相應的幾個數據後，編寫導出語句。工具

Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(new ExportParams("2412312",  "測試"),CourseModel.class, courseModels);
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導出結果

導出結果如圖所示：

優化與合併：

能夠發現，空着並非很好看，能夠合併單元格，進行美化操做。

@Excel(name = "課程名稱", orderNum = "1",needMerge = true, width = 25)
private String name;

@Excel(name = "主講老師_major,代課老師_absent",needMerge = true, orderNum = "1", isImportField = "true_major,true_absent")
private String name;
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結果：

多sheet導出

定義基礎配置對象。

導出基本採用ExportParams 這個對象，進行參數配置；咱們須要進行多Sheet導出，那麼就須要定義一個基礎配置對象。

package com.lamarsan.excel_demo.common;

import cn.afterturn.easypoi.excel.entity.ExportParams;

import java.util.List;

/** * className: ExportView * description: TODO * * @author hasee * @version 1.0 * @date 2019/7/11 18:56 */
public class ExportView {
    public ExportView() {

    }


    private ExportParams exportParams;
    private List<?> dataList;
    private Class<?> cls;

    public ExportParams getExportParams() {
        return exportParams;
    }

    public void setExportParams(ExportParams exportParams) {
        this.exportParams = exportParams;
    }

    public Class<?> getCls() {
        return cls;
    }

    public void setCls(Class<?> cls) {
        this.cls = cls;
    }

    public List<?> getDataList() {
        return dataList;
    }

    public void setDataList(List<?> dataList) {
        this.dataList = dataList;
    }


    public ExportView(Builder builder) {
        this.exportParams = builder.exportParams;
        this.dataList = builder.dataList;
        this.cls = builder.cls;
    }

    public static class Builder {
        private ExportParams exportParams = null;
        private List<?> dataList = null;
        private Class<?> cls = null;

        public Builder() {

        }

        public Builder exportParams(ExportParams exportParams) {
            this.exportParams = exportParams;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder dataList(List<?> dataList) {
            this.dataList = dataList;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder cls(Class<?> cls) {
            this.cls = cls;
            return this;
        }

        public ExportView create() {
            return new ExportView(this);
        }
    }
}
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解析

最後在實現調用的方法中，對整個集合進行配置和解析。

List<Map<String, Object>> exportParamList = Lists.newArrayList();
ExportView studentView = new ExportView(new ExportParams("學生表","表1",XSSF), studentModelList, StudentModel.class);
ExportView courseView = new ExportView(new ExportParams("課程表","表2",XSSF), courseModelList, CourseModel.class);
List<ExportView> exportViews = new ArrayList<>();
//導入studentlist
exportViews.add(studentView);
//導入courselist
exportViews.add(courseView);
for (ExportView view : exportViews) {
Map<String, Object> valueMap = Maps.newHashMap();
valueMap.put("title", view.getExportParams());
valueMap.put("data", view.getDataList());
valueMap.put("entity", view.getCls());
exportParamList.add(valueMap);
}
// 執行方法
Workbook workBook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(exportParamList, XSSF);
ExcelUtil.downloadExcel(response, workBook, "計算機二班選課狀況");
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  1. 導出結果：

Poi

從本小節開始，將脫離easyExcel工具，轉而使用POI工具。

導出圖片到Excel

1）傳入圖片IO流，以下所示：

//先把讀進來的圖片放到一個ByteArrayOutputStream中，以便產生ByteArray

ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut2 = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut3 = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

//將圖片讀到BufferedImage

bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File(\"D:\\\\圖片\\\\140.png\"));

bufferImg2 = ImageIO.read(new File(\"D:\\\\圖片\\\\137.png\"));

bufferImg3 = ImageIO.read(new File(\"D:\\\\圖片\\\\139.png\"));

// 將圖片寫入流中

ImageIO.write(bufferImg, \"png\", byteArrayOut);

ImageIO.write(bufferImg2, \"png\", byteArrayOut2);

ImageIO.write(bufferImg3, \"png\", byteArrayOut3);
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2）利用Drawing將圖片寫入EXCEL，以下所示：

Drawing patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
/** * 該構造函數有8個參數 * 前四個參數是控制圖片在單元格的位置，分別是圖片距離單元格left，top，right，bottom的像素距離 * 後四個參數，前兩個表示圖片左上角所在的cellNum和 rowNum，後兩個參數對應的表示圖片右下角所在的cellNum和 rowNum， * excel中的cellNum和rowNum的index都是從0開始的 * */
//圖片一導出到單元格B2中
HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,(short) 7,  4, (short) 8,  5);
HSSFClientAnchor anchor2 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,(short) 7,  5, (short) 8,  6);
HSSFClientAnchor anchor3 = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0,(short) 7,  6, (short) 8,  7);
// 插入圖片
patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workBook.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
patriarch.createPicture(anchor2, workBook.addPicture(byteArrayOut2.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
patriarch.createPicture(anchor3, workBook.addPicture(byteArrayOut3.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
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4）最終效果以下圖所示：

多EXCEL打包

1）編寫文件壓縮工具類以下，編寫srcFiles與zipFile的信息：

package com.lamarsan.excel_demo.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

/** * className: ZipMultiFile * description: TODO * * @author hasee * @version 1.0 * @date 2019/7/12 17:46 */
public class ZipMultiFile {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File[] srcFiles = { new File("D:\\記事本\\公司\\下載2.xls"), new File("D:\\記事本\\公司\\標書遞交_投標文件遞交記錄表（非物資）.xls") };
        File zipFile = new File("D:\\記事本\\公司\\ZipFile.zip");
        // 調用壓縮方法
        zipFiles(srcFiles, zipFile);
    }

    public static void zipFiles(File[] srcFiles, File zipFile) {
        // 判斷壓縮後的文件存在不，不存在則建立
        if (!zipFile.exists()) {
            try {
                zipFile.createNewFile();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 建立 FileOutputStream 對象
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
        // 建立 ZipOutputStream
        ZipOutputStream zipOutputStream = null;
        // 建立 FileInputStream 對象
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;

        try {
            // 實例化 FileOutputStream 對象
            fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(zipFile);
            // 實例化 ZipOutputStream 對象
            zipOutputStream = new ZipOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
            // 建立 ZipEntry 對象
            ZipEntry zipEntry = null;
            // 遍歷源文件數組
            for (int i = 0; i < srcFiles.length; i++) {
                // 將源文件數組中的當前文件讀入 FileInputStream 流中
                fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(srcFiles[i]);
                // 實例化 ZipEntry 對象，源文件數組中的當前文件
                zipEntry = new ZipEntry(srcFiles[i].getName());
                zipOutputStream.putNextEntry(zipEntry);
                // 該變量記錄每次真正讀的字節個數
                int len;
                // 定義每次讀取的字節數組
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                while ((len = fileInputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                    zipOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
            }
            zipOutputStream.closeEntry();
            zipOutputStream.close();
            fileInputStream.close();
            fileOutputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
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2）壓縮結果如圖所示：

Zip包解壓，獲取excel文件並進行分析

1）編寫接口以下，主要思路是解壓zip，獲取每一個文件的io流，而後建立工做簿類獲取到每一個類的cell信息：

@PostMapping(value = "/importZip")
private Object importZip(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile zipFile) {
    //得到文件名
    String fileName = zipFile.getOriginalFilename();
    //檢查文件
    if ("".equals(fileName)) {
        System.out.println("文件爲空");
    }
    List<List<PoiModel>> poiModelLists = new ArrayList<>();
    try {
        //再本地建立一個文件，讀取此文件 防止瀏覽器讀取的文件被損壞
        File localFile = new File("D:\\記事本\\公司\\fyJyqdYhqdxxZip.zip");
        FileOutputStream ftpOutstream = new FileOutputStream(localFile);
        byte[] appByte = zipFile.getBytes();
        ftpOutstream.write(appByte);
        ftpOutstream.flush();
        ftpOutstream.close();//建立完畢後刪除

        File file = new File("D:\\記事本\\公司\\fyJyqdYhqdxxZip.zip");
        //不解壓直接讀取,加上UTF-8解決亂碼問題,file轉ZipInputStream
        ZipInputStream in = new ZipInputStream(new FileInputStream(file), Charset.forName("GBK"));
        //不解壓直接讀取,加上UTF-8解決亂碼問題,ZipInputStream轉BufferedReader
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "gbk"));
        //把InputStream轉成ByteArrayOutputStream 屢次使用
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ZipEntry ze;
        while ((ze = in.getNextEntry()) != null) {
            if (ze.isDirectory()) {
                //若是是目錄，不處理
                continue;
            }
            try {
                String zipFileName = ze.getName();
                //不是咱們指定的文件不導入，XXXXX.市場化清單.xls
                //if (zipFileName != null && zipFileName.indexOf(".") != -1
                // && zipFileName.equals(zipFileName.substring(0, zipFileName.indexOf(".xls")) + "市場化清單.xls")) {
                // continue;
                //}
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > -1) {
                    baos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                baos.flush();

                InputStream stream = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
                //獲取Excel對象
                HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(stream);
                int sheets = wb.getNumberOfSheets();
                for (int i = 0; i < sheets; i++) {
                    HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(i);
                    // 獲取多少行
                    List<PoiModel> poiModels = new ArrayList<>();
                    int rows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
                    for (int j = 0; j < rows; j++) {
                        //獲取Row對象
                        HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(j);
                        //獲取Cell對象的值並輸出
                        PoiModel poiModel = new PoiModel(row.getCell(0).toString(), row.getCell(1).toString(), row.getCell(2).toString(), row.getCell(3).toString(), row.getCell(4).toString(), row.getCell(5).toString(), row.getCell(6).toString(), row.getCell(7).toString(), row.getCell(8).toString(), row.getCell(9).toString(), row.getCell(10).toString());
                        System.out.println(row.getCell(0) + " " + row.getCell(1));
                        poiModels.add(poiModel);
                    }
                    poiModelLists.add(poiModels);
                }
                baos.reset();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        br.close();
        in.close();
        baos.close();
        //處理完畢刪除
        localFile.delete();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return poiModelLists;
}
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2）返回結果以下：


項目github地址： github.com/lamarsan/ex…
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