Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many...

當一個類有多個可選屬性，那麼它的構造函數就有多種參數。

平時的經常使用方法是使用無參數的構造函數，而後一個屬性一個屬性地調用set方法。

可是這種狀況最好是使用Builder。

public class NutritionFacts {

	private final int servingSize;
	private final int servings;
	private final int calories;
	private final int fat;
	private final int sodium;
	private final int carbohydrate;

	public static class Builder {
		// Required parameters
		private final int servingSize;
		private final int servings;
		// Optional parameters - initialized to default values
		private int calories = 0;
		private int fat = 0;
		private int carbohydrate = 0;
		private int sodium = 0;

		public Builder(int servingSize, int servings) {
			this.servingSize = servingSize;
			this.servings = servings;
		}

		public Builder calories(int val) {
			calories = val;
			return this;
		}

		public Builder fat(int val) {
			fat = val;
			return this;
		}

		public Builder carbohydrate(int val) {
			carbohydrate = val;
			return this;
		}

		public Builder sodium(int val) {
			sodium = val;
			return this;
		}

		public NutritionFacts build() {
			return new NutritionFacts(this);
		}
	}

	private NutritionFacts(Builder builder) {
		servingSize = builder.servingSize;
		servings = builder.servings;
		calories = builder.calories;
		fat = builder.fat;
		sodium = builder.sodium;
		carbohydrate = builder.carbohydrate;
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		NutritionFacts cocaCola = new NutritionFacts.Builder(240, 8).
				calories(100).sodium(35).carbohydrate(27).build();
	}

}