linux安裝mysql

1.下載MySQL
我下載的版本：mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz

2.安裝以前先卸載CentOS自帶的MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql

3.編譯安裝Cmake
下載cmake源碼包：http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

從共享目錄移至usr目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mv /home/user/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz /usr/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr

解壓並安裝cmake
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap

---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CC.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.

---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
報錯：缺乏C的編譯器
解決辦法：安裝gcc編譯器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc

繼續安裝Cmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap

---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.4, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.4/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
報錯：缺乏C++編譯器 
解決辦法：安裝gcc-c++編譯器
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++

再次安裝
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./bootstrap 
沒有報錯，編譯安裝
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# gmake install

 

 

4.正式開始安裝MySQL
添加MySQL用戶和用戶組
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

MySQL源碼包從共享文件夾移至/usr並解壓
[root@localhost ~]# mv /home/user/mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz /usr/mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd mysql-5.6.4

Cmake運行
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cmake .

開始編譯安裝
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# make && make install

進入安裝目錄，將程序二進制的全部權改成root，數據目錄的說有權改成mysql用戶，更新受權表
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.22]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

 

安全啓動MySQL(默認密碼爲空)
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql&

source /etc/profile

報錯：

120908 00:16:25 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS.err'.
120908 00:16:26 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

解決方法：
[root@CentOS ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
總用量 29744
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test

[root@CentOS data]# chgrp -R mysql CentOS.err
[root@CentOS data]# ls -l
總用量 29736
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1585 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.err
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 9月 8 00:16 CentOS.pid
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 9月 8 00:16 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 9月 8 00:16 ib_logfile1
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 27293 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1031892 9月 8 00:14 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 107 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 57 9月 8 00:16 mysql-bin.index
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:14 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 9月 8 00:08 test

 

 

 

配置用戶
MySQL啓動成功後，root默認沒有密碼，咱們須要設置root密碼。
設置以前，咱們須要先設置PATH，要不不能直接調用mysql
修改/etc/profile文件，在文件末尾添加

[root@localhost mysql]#vi /etc/profile

複製代碼代碼以下:
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
export PATH

關閉文件，運行下面的命令，讓配置當即生效

複製代碼代碼以下:
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile

鏈接本機MySQL
[root@localhost mysql]#mysql –u root –p
提示輸入password，默認爲空，按Enter便可

斷開鏈接
mysql>exit;

爲root帳戶設置密碼
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root password 123456
Enter Password:123456

 

 

設置選項文件，將配置文件拷貝到/etc下
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/mysql.cnf

 

設置開機自啓動
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql 
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
 

 

經過服務來啓動和關閉Mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql stop

5.安裝設置完畢，以後使用只需啓動-鏈接-斷開-關閉，命令以下：
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. [肯定]

 

[root@CentOS mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.22 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.07 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@CentOS mysql]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL. [肯定]

6.其它：
查看進程命令 ps –ef|grep mysqld
kill進程命令 kill –9 進程號

 

 

  

編譯mysql出現CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE) 

 

-- Could NOT find Curses  (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
  Curses library not found.  Please install appropriate package,
 
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
  cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
  CMakeLists.txt:257 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE) 
 
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
 
該報錯緣由是未安裝ncurses-devel，運行下面命令
第一步：安裝
#yum -y install ncurses-devel
 
第二步：刪除CMakeCache.txt
經過find命令找到全部CMakeCache.txt文檔的位置
#find / -name CMakeCache.txt
而後所有刪除：
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/Complex/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/ComplexOneConfig/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.6/Tests/ComplexRelativePaths/Cache/CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.18/CMakeCache.txt

 

 

解決方法： 
 
1. 改表法。 
 
多是你的賬號不容許從遠程登錄，只能在localhost。這個時候只要在localhost的那臺電腦，登入mysql後，更改 "mysql" 數據庫裏的 "user" 表裏的 "host" 項，從"localhost"改稱"%"
 
mysql -u root -pvmwaremysql>use mysql;   www.2cto.com  
 
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; 
 
mysql>select host, user from user; 
 
2. 受權法。 
 
例如，你想myuser使用mypassword從任何主機鏈接到mysql服務器的話。 
 
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 
FLUSH   PRIVILEGES; 
 
若是你想容許用戶myuser從ip爲192.168.1.6的主機鏈接到mysql服務器，並使用mypassword做爲密碼 
 
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;   www.2cto.com  
 
FLUSH   PRIVILEGES; 
 
若是你想容許用戶myuser從ip爲192.168.1.6的主機鏈接到mysql服務器的dk數據庫，並使用mypassword做爲密碼 
 
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dk.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;  FLUSH   PRIVILEGES;