Linux用戶和組的實戰練習

一、建立組distro，其GID爲2019；

[root@Centos7 ~]# groupadd -g 2019 distro
[root@Centos7 ~]# getent group distro
distro:x:2019:

二、建立用戶mandriva，其ID號爲1005；基本組爲distro；

[root@Centos7 ~]# useradd -u 1005 -g distro mandriva
[root@Centos7 ~]# getent passwd mandriva
mandriva:x:1005:2019::/home/mandriva:/bin/bash
[root@Centos7 ~]# id mandriva
uid=1005(mandriva) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro)

三、建立用戶mageia，其ID號爲1100，家目錄爲/home/linux；

[root@Centos7 ~]# useradd -u 1100 -d /home/linux mageia
[root@Centos7 ~]# getent passwd mageia
mageia:x:1100:1100::/home/linux:/bin/bash

[root@Centos7 ~]# ls /home/mandriva/ -dl
drwx------ 3 mandriva distro 78 Jun 29 10:29 /home/mandriva/

四、給用戶mageia添加密碼，密碼爲mageedu，並設置用戶密碼7天后過時；

[root@Centos7 ~]# echo "mageedu" | passwd -x 7 --stdin mandriva 
Adjusting aging data for user mandriva.
passwd: Success

[root@Centos7 ~]# getent shadow mandriva
mandriva:!!:18442:0:7:7:::

[root@Centos7 ~]# chage -l mandriva 
Last password change                    : Jun 29, 2020
Password expires                    : Jul 06, 2020
Password inactive                   : never
Account expires                     : never
Minimum number of days between password change      : 0
Maximum number of days between password change      : 7
Number of days of warning before password expires   : 7

五、刪除mandriva，但保留其家目錄；

[root@Centos7 ~]# userdel mandriva 
[root@Centos7 ~]# ls /home/mandriva/ -d
/home/mandriva/

六、建立用戶slackware，其ID號爲2002，基本組爲distro，附加組peguin；

[root@Centos7 ~]# getent group peguin
[root@Centos7 ~]# groupadd peguin
[root@Centos7 ~]# getent group peguin
peguin:x:2020:

[root@Centos7 ~]# useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin slackware
[root@Centos7 ~]# id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2020(peguin)

[root@Centos7 ~]# cat /etc/group |grep distro
distro:x:2019:
[root@Centos7 ~]# cat /etc/group |grep peguin
peguin:x:2020:slackware
[root@Centos7 ~]# groupmems -g peguin -l
slackware

七、修改slackware的默認shell爲/bin/tcsh；

[root@Centos7 ~]# getent passwd slackware
slackware:x:2002:2019::/home/slackware:/bin/bash

[root@Centos7 ~]# usermod -s /bin/tcsh slackware 
[root@Centos7 ~]# getent passwd slackware
slackware:x:2002:2019::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh

八、爲用戶slackware新增附加組admins；

[root@Centos7 ~]# getent group admins
admins:x:2021:

#usermod -G是直接新增附加組，可是slackware以前就有附加組，因此會把以前的替換
[root@Centos7 ~]# usermod -G admins slackware 
[root@Centos7 ~]# id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2021(admins)

#若是不替換是追加新增附加組，是須要加上-a和-G的聯合使用才行
[root@Centos7 ~]# usermod -aG peguin  slackware
[root@Centos7 ~]# id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2019(distro) groups=2019(distro),2020(peguin),2021(admins)

[root@Centos7 ~]# groups slackware
slackware : distro peguin admins