android -------- WIFI 詳解

今天簡單的來聊一下安卓開發中的Wifi,一些經常使用的基礎,主要分爲兩部分:java

  1:WiFi的信息  android

  2:WiFi的搜索和鏈接git

 

如今app大多都須要從網絡上得到數據。因此訪問網絡是在所不免。可是在訪問網絡以前,咱們應該先作一下網絡的狀態判斷。其實在訪問網絡以前咱們要作一些狀態判斷,對應一些狀態判斷來作處理,並非直接使用Http訪問網絡便可。github

不少人在開發就常常把網絡這塊直接跳過,直接訪問網絡,一旦斷網,各類體驗效果很差,不是說app無法用,只是體驗效果差。還有,就是咱們可能爲用戶考慮,由於如今通常連網是wifi和手機流量,都知道後者收費是比較高的。假如咱們的app加載的圖片或者有大的數據下載操做,但是用戶的本意是要是在流量下的話就不要操做這些很費流量的的操做,這樣就必需要咱們作一些連網狀態的判斷。網絡是否鏈接良好,鏈接的wifi仍是流量,斷網或者網絡改變了的時候怎麼作,這都是一些細節,可是要注意處理。網絡

 

 

WIFI開發的三個類和功能描述:架構

類名 功能
WifiManager wifi統一管理類,進行各類wifi操做
WifiInfo 描述當前鏈接的wifi熱點信息
WifiConfiguration wifi網絡配置信息

WiFI的信息

獲取鏈接WIFI的信息app

WifiManager mWifiManager=(WifiManager) this.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
  WifiInfo    mWifiInfo=mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();

getBSSID() 獲取BSSID,在手機WIFI中,就是MAC地址框架

getSSID() 獲取SSID測試

getDetailedStateOf() 獲取客戶端的連通性ui

getHiddenSSID() 得到SSID是否被隱藏

getIpAddress() 獲取IP地址

getLinkSpeed() 得到鏈接的速度

getMacAddress() 得到Mac地址

getRssi() 得到802.11n網絡的信號

getSupplicanState() 返回具體客戶端狀態的信息

如圖(簡單的測試):

      

       

 

 

 

WiFi的搜索和鏈接

搜索WiFi用ListView列表顯示WiFi列表,點擊輸入密碼鏈接WiFi,

初始鏈接的的WiFi

       

 

以後(過程能夠看到狀態欄的WiFI改變)

       

 


重要的代碼

// 定義WifiManager對象
    private WifiManager mWifiManager;
    // 定義WifiInfo對象
    private WifiInfo mWifiInfo;
    // 掃描出的網絡鏈接列表
    private List<ScanResult> mWifiList;
    // 網絡鏈接列表
    private List<WifiConfiguration> mWifiConfiguration;
    // 定義一個WifiLock
    WifiManager.WifiLock mWifiLock;

    // 構造器
    public WifiAdmin(Context context) {
        // 取得WifiManager對象
        mWifiManager = (WifiManager) context
                .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
        // 取得WifiInfo對象
        mWifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
    }

    // 打開WIFI
    public void openWifi(Context context) {
        if (!mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 2) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"親,Wifi正在開啓,不用再開了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"親,Wifi已經開啓,不用再開了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 關閉WIFI
    public void closeWifi(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
            mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(false);
        }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 1){
            Toast.makeText(context,"親,Wifi已經關閉,不用再關了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 0) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"親,Wifi正在關閉,不用再關了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(context,"請從新關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 檢查當前WIFI狀態
    public void checkState(Context context) {
        if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 0) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 1) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已經關閉", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 2) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi正在開啓", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == 3) {
            Toast.makeText(context,"Wifi已經開啓", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(context,"沒有獲取到WiFi狀態", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    // 鎖定WifiLock
    public void acquireWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock.acquire();
    }

    // 解鎖WifiLock
    public void releaseWifiLock() {
        // 判斷時候鎖定
        if (mWifiLock.isHeld()) {
            mWifiLock.acquire();
        }
    }

    // 建立一個WifiLock
    public void creatWifiLock() {
        mWifiLock = mWifiManager.createWifiLock("Test");
    }

    // 獲得配置好的網絡
    public List<WifiConfiguration> getConfiguration() {
        return mWifiConfiguration;
    }

    // 指定配置好的網絡進行鏈接
    public void connectConfiguration(int index) {
        // 索引大於配置好的網絡索引返回
        if (index > mWifiConfiguration.size()) {
            return;
        }
        // 鏈接配置好的指定ID的網絡
        mWifiManager.enableNetwork(mWifiConfiguration.get(index).networkId,
                true);
    }

    public void startScan(Context context) {
        /*mWifiManager.startScan();
        // 獲得掃描結果
        mWifiList = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 獲得配置好的網絡鏈接
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (mWifiList == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==3){
                Toast.makeText(context,"當前區域沒有無線網絡", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==2){
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi正在開啓,請稍後從新點擊掃描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{
                Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi沒有開啓,沒法掃描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }*/

        mWifiManager.startScan();
        //獲得掃描結果
        List<ScanResult> results = mWifiManager.getScanResults();
        // 獲得配置好的網絡鏈接
        mWifiConfiguration = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        if (results == null) {
            if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==3){
                Toast.makeText(context,"當前區域沒有無線網絡",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if(mWifiManager.getWifiState()==2){
                Toast.makeText(context,"wifi正在開啓,請稍後掃描", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else{Toast.makeText(context,"WiFi沒有開啓", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            mWifiList = new ArrayList();
            for(ScanResult result : results){
                if (result.SSID == null || result.SSID.length() == 0 || result.capabilities.contains("[IBSS]")) {
                    continue;
                }
                boolean found = false;
                for(ScanResult item:mWifiList){
                    if(item.SSID.equals(result.SSID)&&item.capabilities.equals(result.capabilities)){
                        found = true;break;
                    }
                }
                if(!found){
                    mWifiList.add(result);
                }
            }
        }


    }

    // 獲得網絡列表
    public List<ScanResult> getWifiList() {
        return mWifiList;
    }

    // 查看掃描結果
    public StringBuilder lookUpScan() {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < mWifiList.size(); i++) {
            stringBuilder
                    .append("Index_" + new Integer(i + 1).toString() + ":");
            // 將ScanResult信息轉換成一個字符串包
            // 其中把包括:BSSID、SSID、capabilities、frequency、level
            stringBuilder.append((mWifiList.get(i)).toString());
            stringBuilder.append("/n");
        }
        return stringBuilder;
    }

    // 獲得MAC地址
    public String getMacAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getMacAddress();
    }

    // 獲得接入點的BSSID
    public String getBSSID() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.getBSSID();
    }

    // 獲得IP地址
    public int getIPAddress() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getIpAddress();
    }

    // 獲得鏈接的ID
    public int getNetworkId() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? 0 : mWifiInfo.getNetworkId();
    }

    // 獲得WifiInfo的全部信息包
    public String getWifiInfo() {
        return (mWifiInfo == null) ? "NULL" : mWifiInfo.toString();
    }

    // 添加一個網絡並鏈接
    public void addNetwork(WifiConfiguration wcg) {
        int wcgID = mWifiManager.addNetwork(wcg);
        boolean b =  mWifiManager.enableNetwork(wcgID, true);
        System.out.println("a--" + wcgID);
        System.out.println("b--" + b);
    }

    // 斷開指定ID的網絡
    public void disconnectWifi(int netId) {
        mWifiManager.disableNetwork(netId);
        mWifiManager.disconnect();
    }
    public void removeWifi(int netId) {
        disconnectWifi(netId);
        mWifiManager.removeNetwork(netId);
    }

//而後是一個實際應用方法,只驗證過沒有密碼的狀況:

    public WifiConfiguration CreateWifiInfo(String SSID, String Password, int Type)
    {
        WifiConfiguration config = new WifiConfiguration();
        config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.clear();
        config.allowedGroupCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedKeyManagement.clear();
        config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.clear();
        config.allowedProtocols.clear();
        config.SSID = "\"" + SSID + "\"";

        WifiConfiguration tempConfig = this.IsExsits(SSID);
        if(tempConfig != null) {
            mWifiManager.removeNetwork(tempConfig.networkId);
        }

        if(Type == 1) //WIFICIPHER_NOPASS
        {
            config.wepKeys[0] = "";
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 2) //WIFICIPHER_WEP
        {
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.wepKeys[0]= "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.SHARED);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP40);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.WEP104);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.NONE);
            config.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
        }
        if(Type == 3) //WIFICIPHER_WPA
        {
            config.preSharedKey = "\""+Password+"\"";
            config.hiddenSSID = true;
            config.allowedAuthAlgorithms.set(WifiConfiguration.AuthAlgorithm.OPEN);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.TKIP);
            config.allowedKeyManagement.set(WifiConfiguration.KeyMgmt.WPA_PSK);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.TKIP);
            //config.allowedProtocols.set(WifiConfiguration.Protocol.WPA);
            config.allowedGroupCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.GroupCipher.CCMP);
            config.allowedPairwiseCiphers.set(WifiConfiguration.PairwiseCipher.CCMP);
            config.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
        }
        return config;
    }

    private WifiConfiguration IsExsits(String SSID)
    {
        List<WifiConfiguration> existingConfigs = mWifiManager.getConfiguredNetworks();
        for (WifiConfiguration existingConfig : existingConfigs)
        {
            if (existingConfig.SSID.equals("\""+SSID+"\""))
            {
                return existingConfig;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

 

其餘參考資料 

WIFI系統和系統架構總結 : https://blog.csdn.net/liuhaomatou/article/details/40398753

Android Wifi框架流程分析: https://blog.csdn.net/King1425/article/details/68928558

 

 

源碼地址: https://github.com/DickyQie/android-wifi

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