STL中區間最值max_element和min_element的用法

前面的博客已經講解了nth_element尋找區間第K大的用法,如今咱們來講說這兩個找區間最值的用法。兩個函數都包含在algorithm庫中。c++

1、函數原型

  • max_element

1 template< class ForwardIt >
2 ForwardIt max_element(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last );
3 template< class ForwardIt, class Compare >
4 ForwardIt max_element(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Compare comp );
  • min_element
1 template< class ForwardIt >
2 ForwardIt min_element( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last );
3 template< class ForwardIt, class Compare >
4 ForwardIt min_element( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Compare comp );

1.參數

  first,end——區間範圍函數

  comp——自定義比較函數spa

顧名思義,max_element就是求區間最大值,而min_element就是求區間最小值。固然也能夠自定義比較函數達到本身想要的「最大值」或者「最小值」code

2、代碼演示

1 #include <bits//stdc++.h>
2 using namespace std;
3 
4 int main(){
5     int a[] = {1,2,3,4,5};
6     int maxa = max_element(a,a+5), mina = min_element(a,a+5);
7     cout << maxa << ' ' << mina << endl;
8     return 0;
9 }

預計上面代碼輸出爲5 1,可是最終卻編譯錯誤。Why?blog

由於這兩個函數返回的是最大值或者最小值的迭代器,因此咱們得加上一個*號獲得值,最終代碼以下:element

 1 #include <bits//stdc++.h>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 
 4 int main(){
 5     int a[] = {1,2,3,4,5};
 6     int maxa = *max_element(a,a+5), mina = *min_element(a,a+5);
 7     cout << maxa << ' ' << mina << endl;
 8     return 0;
 9 }
10 
11 /**運行結果
12 5 1
13 */

 

3、手動實現

這兩個函數手動實現就很簡單了,直接遍歷一遍找最值便可,這裏貼一下cppreference上的源碼實現:原型

 1 //版本一
 2 template<class ForwardIt>
 3 ForwardIt max_element(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last)
 4 {
 5     if (first == last) {
 6         return last;
 7     }
 8     ForwardIt largest = first;
 9     ++first;
10     for (; first != last; ++first) {
11         if (*largest < *first) {
12             largest = first;
13         }
14     }
15     return largest;
16 }
17 
18 //版本二
19 template<class ForwardIt, class Compare>
20 ForwardIt max_element(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, 
21                       Compare comp)
22 {
23     if (first == last) {
24         return last;
25     }
26     ForwardIt largest = first;
27     ++first;
28     for (; first != last; ++first) {
29         if (comp(*largest, *first)) {
30             largest = first;
31         }
32     }
33     return largest;
34 }

 

4、複雜度分析

比較n-1次,n是區間長度,時間負責度爲O(n)。源碼

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