Redis+Tomcat+Nginx實現session共享、負載均衡
環境（全部軟件統一放到/root/下）javascript
nginx：192.168.154.142；nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz redis：192.168.154.143；redis-4.0.10.tar.gz tomcat1：192.168.154.137；jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz,apache-tomcat-7.0.86.tar.gz tomcat2：192.168.154.138；jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz,apache-tomcat-7.0.86.tar.gz mysql：192.168.154.139
拓撲圖css
nginxhtml
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make libtool zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel groupadd -r www useradd -r -g www -s /sbin/nologin www tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz cd nginx-1.14.0/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-http_flv_module make && make install ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confjava
user www www;
worker_processes 4;
worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;
error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
worker_rlimit_nofile 10240;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 4096;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request"'
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"'
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
server_tokens off;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#Compression Settings
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_types text/plain text/css text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#end gzip
# http_proxy Settings
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 75;
proxy_send_timeout 75;
proxy_read_timeout 75;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
#load balance Settings
upstream backend_tomcat {
server 192.168.154.137:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;
server 192.168.154.138:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
#virtual host Settings
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.benet.com;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html;
index index.jsp index.html index.htm;
}
location ~* \.(jsp|do)$ {
proxy_pass http://backend_tomcat;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
}
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 192.168.154.0/24;
deny all;
}
}
}
起nginx服務，防火牆放端口mysql
nginx -t #沒有報錯繼續 nginx firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
驗證1，實現nginx靜態web頁面訪問linux
tomcat（兩臺配置同樣，注意只要是文檔裏寫的tomcat配置，兩臺都須要作）c++
tar zxf jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.86.tar.gz mv jdk1.8.0_171/ /usr/local/java mv apache-tomcat-7.0.86 /usr/local/tomcat7
vi /etc/profile（在最後面加上）
web
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat7 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
測試java1.8和tomcat7環境。redis
起tomcat服務，放行8080端口
catalina.sh start firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
驗證2，實現tomcat7jsp頁面訪問
192.168.154.137
192.168.154.138
驗證三、nginx的負載均衡
vim /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/server.xml（添加一行）
mkdir -p /web/webapp1
cat > /web/webapp1/index.jsp << EOF
<%@page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>tomcat-1</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><font color="red">Session serviced by tomcat</font></h1>
<table aligh="center" border="1">
<tr>
<td>Session ID</td>
<td><%=session.getId() %></td>
<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc");%>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Created on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
<html>
EOF
#爲作區分我將tomcat2的網頁title改爲tomcat-2了，注意看下面測試的截圖
catalina.sh stop
catalina.sh start
首先經過tomcat地址登陸網頁，以下
經過nginx地址登陸，以下
刷新
能夠得出，nginx的輪詢調度阮算法的負載均衡沒問題。然而這時候的session id是不同的。生產環境中，每一個用戶訪問網站，都指望保持使用同一個會話。舉個例子，某寶買東西，我不可能刷一次給我換一個會話，那樣個人訪問的數據都沒了，好比我想瀏覽曾經看過的商品，結果刷新一下給我換了一個web服務器提供服務，我以前瀏覽的商品就找不到了，這顯然是有問題的。
這其實就是本文檔實現的最終目的，session共享，其實session的解決方案有多種，感興趣能夠百度一下。
redis上
tar zxf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz cd redis-4.0.10/ make && make install cp redis.conf /etc/redis.conf
vim /etc/redis.conf（添加3行，分別爲redis地址，密碼，後臺運行）
bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.154.143 requirepass pwd@123 daemonize yes
redis-server /etc/redis.conf ss -lnpt |grep redis firewall-cmd --add-port=6379/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
tomcat上（用redis作session共享須要在tomcat7的lib目錄下放如下3個包）
mv commons-pool2-2.2.jar /usr/local/tomcat7/lib mv commons-pool2-2.2.jar /usr/local/tomcat7/lib mv tomcat-redis-session-manage-tomcat7.jar /usr/local/tomcat7/lib
vim /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/context.xml（添加在倒數第2行，參數有host也就是redis的地址，password密碼，port也就是redis端口）
重啓tomcat7
catalina.sh stop catalina.sh start
驗證四、redis實現的session共享
mysql（mysql的安裝本次文檔不提了，感興趣能夠查看個人其餘文檔，或者yum安裝都是同樣的）
mysql> create database javatest;
mysql> use javatest;
mysql> create table testdata(id int not null auto_increment primary key,foo varchar(25),bar int);
mysql> insert into testdata(foo,bar) values ('hello','123456'),('ok','654321');
mysql> grant all on *.* to javauser@'192.168.154.%' identified by 'javapasswd';
firewall-cmd –-permanent –add-port=3306/tcp firewall-cmd --reload
tomcat7上
mv mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat7/lib
vim /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/context.xml（在倒數第二行插入）
catalina.sh stop catalina.sh start mkdir /web/webapp1/WEB-INF
vim /web/webapp1/WEB-INF/web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <description>MySQL Test App</description> <resource-ref> <description>DB Connection</description> <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name> <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type> <res-auth>Container</res-auth> </resource-ref> </web-app>
vim /web/webapp1/test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.sql.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>tomcat1</title>
</head>
<body>
tomcat1 connect MySQL<br>
<%
String driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.154.139:3306/javatest";
String username = "javauser";
String password = "javapasswd";
Class.forName(driverClass);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from testdata"); ##注意
while(rs.next()){
out.println("<br>foo:"+rs.getString(2)+"bar:"+rs.getString(3));
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();
%>
</body></html>
#我在tomcat2上寫的標題也有作區分。能夠再截圖中看到。
驗證5:，測試tomcat鏈接數據，本次案例完成。
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