搭建webpack簡易腳手架

時間 2019-11-08

標籤搭建 webpack 簡易腳手架简体版

原文原文鏈接

關鍵詞 vue typescript webpackhtml

本文是爲下一篇《3分鐘搞定 Vue + TypeScript開發》文章作的知識鋪墊，文章結尾提供完整的github示例代碼庫。vue

準備

已經掌握vue開發的狀況下，想體驗一下TypeScript開發vue，能夠經過如下過程配置一個腳手架。node

1.閱讀webpack官網文檔 https://www.webpackjs.com/

webpack工做原理webpack
- 入口起點(entry points)
- 輸出(output)
- 模式(mode)
- loader
- 插件(plugins)
- 配置(configuration)
- 模塊(modules)
- 模塊解析(module resolution)
- 依賴圖(dependency graph)
- manifest
- 構建目標(targets)
- 模塊熱替換(hot module replace)

2.閱讀TypeScript官網文檔 https://www.tslang.cn/docs/ho...

腳手架搭建瞭解輔導教程部分git
- 5分鐘上手TypeScript
- ASP.NET Core
- Gulp
- JavaScript遷移
- React & Webpack

3.閱讀Vue官網文檔

vue配置入門: https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/guide...

開始配置

npm < 5.x 建議升級到更高版本(當前穩定版本6.7.0), 或使用yarn來管理包github

配置文件

完成準備工做後下面就要進行這3類文件的配置web
- package.json
- webpack.config.js
- tsconfig.json
配置思路，漸進式配置避免過程當中問題堆積，先讓腳手架工做起來typescript
- 首先要讓webpack能運行起來
- 安裝Vue框架, 配置Vue、TS編譯所需的loader和plugins

讓webpack運行起來

這是一個使webpack能工做的最小配置。npm

當寫好一個webpack配置, 從最簡單的一步開始感覺一下webpack, 創建親切感日後就容易多了。json

webpack配置文件:

/**
 * @file ./config/webpack.config.js
 * @author CharlesYu01
 */

module.exports = {
  entry: './index.ts',
  mode: 'production'
};

編譯執行結果：

$  webpack --config ./config/webpack.config.js
Hash: 067221c5690968574418
Version: webpack 4.29.0
Time: 86ms
Built at: 2019-01-26 14:05:49
  Asset       Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
main.js  930 bytes       0  [emitted]  main
Entrypoint main = main.js
[0] ./index.ts 0 bytes {0} [built]

能夠看一下編譯出來的內容，默認在./dist/main.js中。

ps：恩，你已經掌握了webpack最核心的玩法了，處理更復雜的工做時再去了解loader、plugins的原理。

用Vue+TS編寫一個可瀏覽的頁面

安裝插件

// package.json 
// TODO: 掌握各插件的做用
...
"devDependencies": {
    "awesome-typescript-loader": "^5.2.1",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0",
    "source-map-loader": "^0.2.4",
    "ts-loader": "^5.3.3",
    "typescript": "^3.2.4",
    "vue-class-component": "^6.3.2",
    "vue-loader": "^15.6.1",
    "vue-tsx-support": "^2.2.2",
    "webpack": "^4.29.0",
    "webpack-cli": "^3.2.1",
    "webpack-dev-server": "^3.1.14"
},
"dependencies": {
    "vue": "^2.5.22",
    "vue-property-decorator": "^7.3.0"
}
...

webpack安裝時若有異常，使用官網推薦方法 yarn add webpack --dev

添加html入口文件
有了編譯產出的js，還須要將js引入到頁面中，此時使用webpack plugins配置一個插件 html-webpack-plugin ，就能夠完成html頁面引入js的功能。
添加vue template 的編譯能力 vue-loader

引用vue官網：

運行時 + 編譯器 vs. 只包含運行時

若是你須要在客戶端編譯模板 (好比傳入一個字符串給 template 選項，或掛載到一個元素上並以其 DOM 內部的 HTML 做爲模板)，就將須要加上編譯器，即完整版：

new Vue({
template: '<div>{{ hi }}</div>'
})
// 不須要編譯器
new Vue({
render (h) {
return h('div', this.hi)
}
})
// 配置webpack.config.js
module.exports = {
resolve: {
alias: {
'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js'
 }
}
}

添加一個可預覽的webServer webpack-dev-server

devServer: {
      contentBase: '../dist',
      port: 9000
}

驗證結果

1.用TypeScript實現一個Input組件
/example/vue-tsx/Input.tsx

import {VNode} from 'vue/types';
  import Component from 'vue-class-component';
  import * as Vue from 'vue-tsx-support';
  import { Prop } from 'vue-property-decorator';

  export interface InputProps   {
       placeholder: String
  }
  @Component
  export default class Input extends Vue.Component<InputProps,any> {
      [x: string]: any;
      text: any;
      input(e) {
          this.text = e.target.value
          this.$emit('input', e.target.value);
      }
      @Prop([String, Boolean]) value: string | boolean | undefined;
  
      data() {
        return {
          text: ''
        }
      }
          
      render() {
          return <input value={this.value} onInput={this.input}/>   
      }
  }

2.引用組件

new Vue({
  template: '<div>組件<Input value="" @input="input"/>{{message}}</div> ',
  data:{
      message:'hello Vue!'
  },
  methods:{
      input:function(e) {
         this.message = e.target.value;  
      }
  }
  }).$mount('#app');

3.預覽

// 能夠全量安裝一次項目依賴
yarn install

yarn start
$ webpack-dev-server --config ./config/webpack.config.js
ℹ ｢wds｣: Project is running at http://localhost:9000/
ℹ ｢wds｣: webpack output is served from /
ℹ ｢wds｣: Content not from webpack is served from ../dist
ℹ ｢wdm｣: Hash: 9bf165f80a4d3c7600c0
Version: webpack 4.29.0
Time: 2129ms
Built at: 2019-01-26 19:49:49
     Asset       Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
./index.html  409 bytes          [emitted]
   main.js    662 KiB    main  [emitted]  main
  Entrypoint main = main.js
  [0] multi (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:9000 ./example/index.ts 40 bytes {main} [built]
  [./example/index.ts] 471 bytes {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/ansi-html/index.js] 4.16 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/ansi-regex/index.js] 135 bytes {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/events/events.js] 13.3 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/html-entities/index.js] 231 bytes {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/loglevel/lib/loglevel.js] 7.68 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/strip-ansi/index.js] 161 bytes {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/url/url.js] 22.8 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.esm.js] 289 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/index.js?http://localhost:9000] (webpack)-dev-server/client?http://localhost:9000 7.78 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/overlay.js] (webpack)-dev-server/client/overlay.js 3.58 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/socket.js] (webpack)-dev-server/client/socket.js 1.05 KiB {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/webpack/hot sync ^\.\/log$] (webpack)/hot sync nonrecursive ^\.\/log$ 170 bytes {main} [built]
  [./node_modules/webpack/hot/emitter.js] (webpack)/hot/emitter.js 75 bytes {main} [built]
      + 15 hidden modules
  Child html-webpack-plugin for "index.html":
       1 asset
      Entrypoint undefined = ./index.html
      [./node_modules/html-webpack-plugin/lib/loader.js!./example/index.html] 618 bytes {0} [built]
      [./node_modules/lodash/lodash.js] 527 KiB {0} [built]
      [./node_modules/webpack/buildin/global.js] (webpack)/buildin/global.js 472 bytes {0} [built]
      [./node_modules/webpack/buildin/module.js] (webpack)/buildin/module.js 497 bytes {0} [built]
  ℹ ｢wdm｣: Compiled successfully.