Fragment的奧祕

咱們常常用到Fragment,可是你到底用過幾種方式呢,今天咱們就從最經常使用的一種開始分析,順便也看一看其它的幾種方法吧。咱們的源碼分析開始咯,源碼分析第...幾篇,算了這些不重要,趁着最近不是很忙「燥起來」。html

咱們平常使用Fragment無非就幾種:replace和add、hide、show,如下面這種爲例:android

Fragment testFragment=new TestFragment();
//獲取FragmentManager
FragmentManager fm = getFragmentManager();// 或者getSupportFragmentManager();
//獲取FragmentTransaction
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
//進行添加操做
ft.add(R.id.fragment_container,testFragment);
// 顯示
ft.show(testFragment);
//提交
ft.commit();
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那咱們接下來就按照以上這種順序來分析一下Fragment的加載過程。api

FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();

先看一下使用getFragmentManager()方法獲取FragmentManager數組

// Activity類:
    @Deprecated
    public FragmentManager getFragmentManager() {
        return mFragments.getFragmentManager();
    }
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因爲本文是以android-28爲基礎的源碼分析,而在api28中getFragmentManager()這種方式已被棄用,官方建議使用官方建議使用android.support.v4.app.Fragment來替代android.app.Fragment,使用android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager來替代android.app.FragmentManager,所以咱們本文以getSupportFragmentManager()方法獲取FragmentManager來繼續分析。而使用getSupportFragmentManager()方法當前Activity就必須繼承於FragmentActivity以及其子類。bash

// FragmentActivity類:
    final FragmentController mFragments = FragmentController.createController(new FragmentActivity.HostCallbacks());
    
    public FragmentManager getSupportFragmentManager() {
        return this.mFragments.getSupportFragmentManager();
    }
    // 內部類
    class HostCallbacks extends FragmentHostCallback<FragmentActivity> {
        public HostCallbacks() {
            super(FragmentActivity.this);
        }
        ......
    }
    
// FragmentController類:
    private final FragmentHostCallback<?> mHost;

    public static FragmentController createController(FragmentHostCallback<?> callbacks) {
        return new FragmentController(callbacks);
    }

    private FragmentController(FragmentHostCallback<?> callbacks) {
        this.mHost = callbacks;
    }
    
    public FragmentManager getSupportFragmentManager() {
        return this.mHost.getFragmentManagerImpl();
    }
    
// FragmentHostCallback類:
    FragmentHostCallback(@NonNull FragmentActivity activity) {
        // 關注一下第三個參數activity.mHandler
        this(activity, activity, activity.mHandler, 0);
    }

    FragmentHostCallback(@Nullable Activity activity, @NonNull Context context, @NonNull Handler handler, int windowAnimations) {
        // 初始化了FragmentManagerImpl類
        this.mFragmentManager = new FragmentManagerImpl();
        this.mActivity = activity;
        this.mContext = (Context)Preconditions.checkNotNull(context, "context == null");
        // 初始化了Handler,該mHandler會在commit操做中用到
        this.mHandler = (Handler)Preconditions.checkNotNull(handler, "handler == null");
        this.mWindowAnimations = windowAnimations;
    }
    
    FragmentManagerImpl getFragmentManagerImpl() {
        return this.mFragmentManager;
    }
    
// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    final class FragmentManagerImpl extends FragmentManager implements Factory2
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哈哈,爲了方便就直接將該部分相關代碼直接放在一塊兒啦,不要慌,咱們一步一步講起:app

  1. getSupportFragmentManager()方法中,出現了mFragments
  2. mFragments實際爲FragmentController,而且將FragmenActivity的內部類HostCallbacks經過構造參數傳入該類中,並保存到成員變量mHost中,注意該成員後續會講到
  3. HostCallbacks爲FragmentActivity的內部類,其繼承於類FragmentHostCallback。而且HostCallbacks構造方法中也同時調用了其父類FragmentHostCallback的構造方法,並初始化了類FragmentManagerImpl,而FragmentManagerImpl繼承於FragmentManager
  4. 回到第1步的方法getSupportFragmentManager()中,該方法裏調用了mFragments.getSupportFragmentManager()方法
  5. mFragments.getSupportFragmentManager()方法裏又調用了本部分的最後一步mHost.getFragmentManagerImpl()方法中,第2步講到後面會使用。而且最後返回第3步所說的實例化的FragmentManagerImpl類

經過上面展現的代碼以及所描述的5步說明,咱們能夠很清晰的看到mFragments被final修飾並且又是類成員,所以一個FragmentActivity對應一個FragmentController、一個FragmentHostCallback和一個FragmentManagerImpl。異步

FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();

從上面部分,咱們知道了fm其實就是FragmentManagerImpl類,因此咱們第二部分就是調用fm.beginTransaction()方法:ide

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    public FragmentTransaction beginTransaction() {
        return new BackStackRecord(this);
    }
    
// BackStackRecord類:
    final class BackStackRecord extends FragmentTransaction
                    implements BackStackEntry, OpGenerator {
        ......
        public BackStackRecord(FragmentManagerImpl manager) {
            this.mManager = manager;
        }
        ...
    }
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這部分顯的很單調,沒錯,這部分就這些內容,其實就是返回了繼承於FragmentTransaction的BackStackRecord類。注意啦BackStackRecord類很重要,很是重要。本文以android-28爲標準而講解,而本類在28中修改很大,28以前的版本BackStackRecord實現了Runnable接口,具體的可自行查看。該類直譯過來可被稱爲:返回堆棧記錄,此後的有關fragment的基本全部操做都是經過它來完成,咱們後續再詳細說明。函數

ft.add(R.id.fragment_container,testFragment);

在第二部分中咱們知道ft指的是BackStackRecord類,咱們來看一下它的add方法:oop

// BackStackRecord類:
    ArrayList<BackStackRecord.Op> mOps = new ArrayList();

    public FragmentTransaction add(Fragment fragment, @Nullable String tag) {
        this.doAddOp(0, fragment, tag, 1);
        return this;
    }
    
    private void doAddOp(int containerViewId, Fragment fragment, @Nullable String tag, int opcmd) {
        // 獲取fragment的Class對象
        Class fragmentClass = fragment.getClass();
        // 獲取該fragment對象的修飾符
        int modifiers = fragmentClass.getModifiers();
        // 如該fragment爲:匿名類或者不是public修飾符標識的類或者(它是內部類且不是靜態的)
        if (fragmentClass.isAnonymousClass() || !Modifier.isPublic(modifiers) || fragmentClass.isMemberClass() && !Modifier.isStatic(modifiers)) {
            // 則拋出以下異常
            throw new IllegalStateException("Fragment " + fragmentClass.getCanonicalName() + " must be a public static class to be properly recreated from" + " instance state.");
        } else {
            fragment.mFragmentManager = this.mManager;
            if (tag != null) {
                // 防止同一個fragment被add屢次而且設置了多個不一樣的tag
                // 若是tag不等於空,而且tag不等於fragment.mTag
                if (fragment.mTag != null && !tag.equals(fragment.mTag)) {
                    // 則拋出以下異常
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Can't change tag of fragment " + fragment + ": was " + fragment.mTag + " now " + tag);
                }

                fragment.mTag = tag;
            }

            if (containerViewId != 0) {
                // 容器視圖id,即FrameLayout佈局id
                if (containerViewId == -1) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't add fragment " + fragment + " with tag " + tag + " to container view with no id");
                }
                // 方法屢次add其containerViewId且設置多個不一樣的containerViewId
                if (fragment.mFragmentId != 0 && fragment.mFragmentId != containerViewId) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Can't change container ID of fragment " + fragment + ": was " + fragment.mFragmentId + " now " + containerViewId);
                }

                fragment.mContainerId = fragment.mFragmentId = containerViewId;
            }

            this.addOp(new BackStackRecord.Op(opcmd, fragment));
        }
    }
    
    void addOp(BackStackRecord.Op op) {
        this.mOps.add(op);
        op.enterAnim = this.mEnterAnim;
        op.exitAnim = this.mExitAnim;
        op.popEnterAnim = this.mPopEnterAnim;
        op.popExitAnim = this.mPopExitAnim;
    }
    
// BackStackRecord內部類Op:
    static final class Op {
        int cmd;//指令:表明對fragment的操做,好比:add==1
        Fragment fragment;//保存要操做的fragment
        // 如下四個爲動畫設置
        int enterAnim;
        int exitAnim;
        int popEnterAnim;
        int popExitAnim;

        Op() {
        }

        Op(int cmd, Fragment fragment) {
            this.cmd = cmd;
            this.fragment = fragment;
        }
    }
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再次將此部分有關代碼放到了一塊兒,接着一步一步說明一下吧:

  1. 從add操做開始接着調用自身的doAddOp(0, fragment, tag, 1)方法,並設置Op中的cmd指令爲1
  2. doAddOp(0, fragment, tag, 1)方法中判斷一些異常狀況後設置fragment的成員屬性mContainerId和mFragmentId爲containerViewId;而且繼續執行自身的addOp(new BackStackRecord.Op(opcmd, fragment))方法。
  3. addOp(new BackStackRecord.Op(opcmd, fragment))方法中,就是將Op對象加入到mOps集合中,並設置動畫。

第三部分是否是也很簡單的樣子,那咱們繼續吧!!!

ft.show(testFragment);

直接上代碼:

// BackStackRecord類:
    public FragmentTransaction show(Fragment fragment) {
        this.addOp(new BackStackRecord.Op(5, fragment));
        return this;
    }
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經過第三部分的瞭解,咱們能夠很清晰的看出來,show操做其實只是調用addOp(new BackStackRecord.Op(5, fragment))方法,設置一下Op類的cmd指令。

其實上面的四部分都是比較好理解的,接下來將進入最後一部分,也是本文的最複雜最重要的部分

ft.commit();

// BackStackRecord類:
    public int commit() {
        return this.commitInternal(false); // 注意這個false哦
    }
    
    int commitInternal(boolean allowStateLoss) {
        // 若重複commit,則會拋出此異常
        if (this.mCommitted) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("commit already called");
        } else {
            if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) {
                Log.v("FragmentManager", "Commit: " + this);
                LogWriter logw = new LogWriter("FragmentManager");
                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(logw);
                this.dump(" ", (FileDescriptor)null, pw, (String[])null);
                pw.close();
            }

            this.mCommitted = true;
            // 這個成員默認是false,只有咱們本身調用了addToBackStack方法,纔會設置爲true
            if (this.mAddToBackStack) {
                this.mIndex = this.mManager.allocBackStackIndex(this);
            } else {
                this.mIndex = -1;
            }
            // 此mManager咱們上面第一部分講解過,實際爲FragmentManagerImpl類
            this.mManager.enqueueAction(this, allowStateLoss);
            return this.mIndex;
        }
    }
    
// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    // 注意:參數action爲BackStackRecord類,而allowStateLoss爲false,上面有說明
    public void enqueueAction(FragmentManagerImpl.OpGenerator action, boolean allowStateLoss) {
        if (!allowStateLoss) {
            // 狀態丟失的異常檢查(具體請參考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/aa735c60c867)
            // 若是咱們提交使用的是commit方法,則會走到該判斷裏來,由於commit方法allowStateLoss傳的是false。若是咱們提交使用的是commitAllowingStateLoss方法,則不會走到該判斷中來,由於commitAllowingStateLoss方法傳入的allowStateLoss爲true
            this.checkStateLoss();
        }

        synchronized(this) {
            if (!this.mDestroyed && this.mHost != null) {
                if (this.mPendingActions == null) {
                    this.mPendingActions = new ArrayList();
                }
                // 加入待定任務隊列中,mPendingActions是ArrayList
                this.mPendingActions.add(action);
                this.scheduleCommit();
            } else if (!allowStateLoss) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Activity has been destroyed");
            }
        }
    }
    
    void scheduleCommit() {
        synchronized(this) {
            boolean postponeReady = this.mPostponedTransactions != null && !this.mPostponedTransactions.isEmpty();
            boolean pendingReady = this.mPendingActions != null && this.mPendingActions.size() == 1;
            if (postponeReady || pendingReady) {
                this.mHost.getHandler().removeCallbacks(this.mExecCommit);
                this.mHost.getHandler().post(this.mExecCommit);
            }

        }
    }
    
    // " ***特別說明*** "
    private void checkStateLoss() {
        if (this.isStateSaved()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState");
        } else if (this.mNoTransactionsBecause != null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Can not perform this action inside of " + this.mNoTransactionsBecause);
        }
    }
    /**
     * mStateSaved:fragment保存、恢復過程--fragment保存標識
     *  由Activity.onSaveInstanceState方法最終會調到FragmentManagerImpl.saveAllState方法中設置mStateSaved爲true
     * mStopped :fragment onStop週期的分發方法FragmentManagerImpl.dispatchStop()中設置爲true,此時Activity的週期也是onStop
    */
    public boolean isStateSaved() {
        return this.mStateSaved || this.mStopped;
    }
    // " ***特別說明*** "
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先貼出該部分的中的部分代碼,咱們來分析一下:

  1. ft.commit()操做實際上調用了BackStackRecord類自身的commitInternal方法,而後判斷是否設置了mAddToBackStack,最後又繼續調用了FragmentManagerImpl類中的enqueueAction方法繼續執行。
  2. FragmentManagerImpl類中的enqueueAction方法中有兩個參數:action和allowStateLoss,而代碼中也說明了allowStateLoss爲false(詳細請看上面代碼部分),所以咱們主要須要關注的仍是action這個參數,action其實是FragmentManagerImpl類中的OpGenerator接口,而實現OpGenerator接口的地方有兩個:一個是FragmentManagerImpl類中的內部類PopBackStackState(後面講「回退棧」時再詳細說明),另外一個就是咱們所熟悉的BackStackRecord類。接着說流程:在enqueueAction方法中將咱們要操做的action添加到待定任務隊列中,繼續執行自身的scheduleCommit()方法。
  3. 咱們能夠從代碼中看到scheduleCommit()方法中,調用了Handler的post方法,執行了一個任務mExecCommit,是否還記得mHost是誰?在上面第一部分實例化FragmentHostCallback類時傳入了FragmentActivity,繼而初始化了mHandler,而mHost正是FragmentHostCallback類型,而mHost.getHandler()返回的正是此時的mHandler。

從上面的三步中咱們瞭解到了,如今邏輯以及到了mExecCommit(Runnable)的run方法裏,咱們先不急看run()方法,咱們回來看一下enqueueAction()方法爲何把action添加進入mPendingActions裏?由於從後面的代碼中能夠了解每次commit後都會將mPendingActions集合清空,那爲何還要使用集合保存呢?不知作別的小夥伴有沒有這方面的糾結,我一開始反正是糾結的。那咱們來分析一下使用mPendingActions的緣由:咱們知道了commit的後續操做是在mExecCommit(Runnable)的run方法裏,而mExecCommit又是經過Handler看成消息post出去的,所以這裏就能夠把commit操做看成是在異步中執行的邏輯。這又是什麼緣由呢?那是由於Handler發出去的消息並非被Looper立刻執行的,而是須要先從消息隊列中取出來再去執行,所以在這個空隙,咱們能夠會屢次切換fragment(場景:app的首頁是由底部多個Tab+多個fragmnet實現,咱們頻繁屢次切換tab)而致使屢次生成action,所以須要一個集合來看成隊列將多個action添加進去,在後面統一處理。

這裏咱們再說一下幾種提交操做的方法:

  • commit();
  • commitAllowingStateLoss();
  • commitNow();
  • commitNowAllowingStateLoss();

commit() vs commitAllowingStateLoss()

用commit()提交有時候會遇到IllegalStateException, 說你在onSaveInstanceState()以後提交, commit()和commitAllowingStateLoss()在實現上惟一的不一樣就是當你調用commit()的時候, FragmentManger會檢查是否已經存儲了它本身的狀態, 若是已經存了, 就拋出IllegalStateException。 那麼若是你調用的是commitAllowingStateLoss(),則FragmentManger不會檢查是否已經存儲了它本身的狀態(上面代碼中已添加備註說明),而且要是在onSaveInstanceState()以後,你可能會丟失掉什麼狀態呢? 答案是你可能會丟掉FragmentManager的狀態, 即save以後任何被添加或被移除的Fragments.

commit(), commitNow() 和 executePendingTransactions()

使用commit()的時候, 一旦調用, 這個commit並非當即執行的, 它會被髮送到主線程的任務隊列當中去, 當主線程準備好執行它的時候執行. popBackStack()的工做也是這樣, 發送到主線程任務隊列中去. 也即說它們都是異步的.可是有時候你但願你的操做是當即執行的,以前的開發者會在commit()調用以後加上 executePendingTransactions()來保證當即執行, 即變異步爲同步.support library從v24.0.0開始提供了 commitNow()方法,以前用executePendingTransactions()會將全部pending在隊列中還有你新提交的transactions都執行了, 而commitNow()將只會執行你當前要提交的transaction. 因此commitNow()避免你會不當心執行了那些你可能並不想執行的transactions.

可是你不能對要加在back stack中的transaction使用commitNow(),即addToBackStack()和commitNow()不能同時使用.爲何呢? 想一想一下, 若是你有一個提交使用了commit(), 緊接着又有另外一個提交使用了commitNow(), 兩個都想加入back stack, 那back stack會變成什麼樣呢? 究竟是哪一個transaction在上, 哪一個在下? 答案將是一種不肯定的狀態, 由於系統並無提供任何保證來確保順序, 因此係統決定乾脆不支持這個操做.前面提過popBackStack()是異步的, 因此它一樣也有一個同步的兄弟popBackStackImmediate().因此實際應用的時候怎麼選擇呢? 1.若是你須要同步的操做, 而且你不須要加到back stack裏, 使用commitNow(). support library在FragmentPagerAdapter裏就使用了commitNow()來保證在更新結束的時候, 正確的頁面被加上或移除. 2.若是你操做不少transactions, 而且不須要同步, 或者你須要把transactions加在back stack裏, 那就使用commit(). 3.若是你但願在某一個指定的點, 確保全部的transactions都被執行, 那麼使用executePendingTransactions().

特別說明:若是項目中遇到須要在FragmentActivity的週期方法onStop(即不可見)後,切換fragment,則須要使用commitAllowingStateLoss()方法。具體緣由可參考上面代碼中的特別說明:當Activity和fragment處理onStop週期後,則會拋出異常

好啦,咱們能夠繼續分析接下的啦(mExecCommit(Runnable)的run方法):

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    Runnable mExecCommit = new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            FragmentManagerImpl.this.execPendingActions();
        }
    };
    
    public boolean execPendingActions() {
        this.ensureExecReady(true);

        boolean didSomething;
        // mTmpRecords:臨時存儲全部待執行的動做(mPendingActions)生成的 BackStackRecord
        // mTmpIsPop:存儲 BackStackRecord 是否爲出棧。
        for(didSomething = false; this.generateOpsForPendingActions(this.mTmpRecords, this.mTmpIsPop); didSomething = true) {
            this.mExecutingActions = true;

            try {
                this.removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute(this.mTmpRecords, this.mTmpIsPop);
            } finally {
                this.cleanupExec();
            }
        }

        this.doPendingDeferredStart();
        this.burpActive();
        return didSomething;
    }
    
    // 遍歷 mPendingActions 調用 OpGenerator.generateOps() 方法生成 BackStackRecord 添加到 mTmpRecords 並把是否爲出棧添加到 mTmpIsPop 中
    private boolean generateOpsForPendingActions(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isPop) {
        boolean didSomething = false;
        synchronized(this) {
            if (this.mPendingActions != null && this.mPendingActions.size() != 0) {
                int numActions = this.mPendingActions.size();

                for(int i = 0; i < numActions; ++i) {
                    didSomething |= ((FragmentManagerImpl.OpGenerator)this.mPendingActions.get(i)).generateOps(records, isPop);
                }
                // 清空待定任務隊列
                this.mPendingActions.clear();
                this.mHost.getHandler().removeCallbacks(this.mExecCommit);
                return didSomething;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    
// BackStackRecord類
    public boolean generateOps(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop) {
        if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "Run: " + this);
        }

        records.add(this);
        // 添加false
        isRecordPop.add(false);
        if (this.mAddToBackStack) {
            // 添加到「回退棧」中
            this.mManager.addBackStackState(this);
        }

        return true;
    }
    
// FragmentManagerImpl類的內部類PopBackStackState:
    private class PopBackStackState implements FragmentManagerImpl.OpGenerator {
        ...
        public boolean generateOps(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop) {
            ...
            return FragmentManagerImpl.this.popBackStackState(records, isRecordPop, this.mName, this.mId, this.mFlags);
        }
    }
// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    boolean popBackStackState(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop, String name, int id, int flags) {
        if (this.mBackStack == null) {
            return false;
        } else {
            int index;
            if (name == null && id < 0 && (flags & 1) == 0) {
                ...
                records.add(this.mBackStack.remove(index));
                // 添加true
                isRecordPop.add(true);
            } else {
                ...
                for(int i = this.mBackStack.size() - 1; i > index; --i) {
                    records.add(this.mBackStack.remove(i));
                    // 添加true
                    isRecordPop.add(true);
                }
            }

            return true;
        }
    }
    
    void addBackStackState(BackStackRecord state) {
        if (this.mBackStack == null) {
            this.mBackStack = new ArrayList();
        }
        // 「回退棧」 == mBackStack(ArrayList<BackStackRecord>)
        this.mBackStack.add(state);
    }
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在 Runnable 中執行 execPendingActions() 方法,該方法分爲幾點來分析:

  1. 經過generateOpsForPendingActions方法遍歷 mPendingActions 調用 OpGenerator.generateOps() 方法設置了 mTmpRecords(臨時存儲全部待執行的動做:BackStackRecord) 和 mTmpIsPop (存儲 BackStackRecord 是否爲出棧)
  2. OpGenerator.generateOps()方法,上面曾提起過OpGenerator接口會有兩個地方實現,而BackStackRecord類實現OpGenerator接口中的generateOps()方法上面代碼給出了源碼,其實就是設置this自身添加到records(即mTmpRecords)集合中,並同時添加一個false到isRecordPop(即mTmpIsPop)集合裏表示此動做不是「回退棧」的出棧操做。而另外一個實現OpGenerator接口的generateOps()方法裏isRecordPop(即mTmpIsPop)集合內添加的是true(源碼已展現)

咱們接着往下走removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute():

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    private void removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop) {
        if (records != null && !records.isEmpty()) {
            if (isRecordPop != null && records.size() == isRecordPop.size()) {
                this.executePostponedTransaction(records, isRecordPop);
                int numRecords = records.size();
                int startIndex = 0;

                for(int recordNum = 0; recordNum < numRecords; ++recordNum) {
                    boolean canReorder = ((BackStackRecord)records.get(recordNum)).mReorderingAllowed;
                    if (!canReorder) {
                        if (startIndex != recordNum) {
                            this.executeOpsTogether(records, isRecordPop, startIndex, recordNum);
                        }

                        int reorderingEnd = recordNum + 1;
                        // 根據上面的分析,只有「回退棧」執行出棧纔會執行此處代碼
                        if ((Boolean)isRecordPop.get(recordNum)) {
                            while(reorderingEnd < numRecords && (Boolean)isRecordPop.get(reorderingEnd) && !((BackStackRecord)records.get(reorderingEnd)).mReorderingAllowed) {
                                ++reorderingEnd;
                            }
                        }

                        this.executeOpsTogether(records, isRecordPop, recordNum, reorderingEnd);
                        startIndex = reorderingEnd;
                        recordNum = reorderingEnd - 1;
                    }
                }

                if (startIndex != numRecords) {
                    this.executeOpsTogether(records, isRecordPop, startIndex, numRecords);
                }

            } else {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Internal error with the back stack records");
            }
        }
    }
    
    private void executeOpsTogether(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
        boolean allowReordering = ((BackStackRecord)records.get(startIndex)).mReorderingAllowed;
        boolean addToBackStack = false;
        if (this.mTmpAddedFragments == null) {
            this.mTmpAddedFragments = new ArrayList();
        } else {
            this.mTmpAddedFragments.clear();
        }

        this.mTmpAddedFragments.addAll(this.mAdded);
        Fragment oldPrimaryNav = this.getPrimaryNavigationFragment();

        int postponeIndex;
        for(postponeIndex = startIndex; postponeIndex < endIndex; ++postponeIndex) {
            BackStackRecord record = (BackStackRecord)records.get(postponeIndex);
            boolean isPop = (Boolean)isRecordPop.get(postponeIndex);
            // 對mOps進行優化,add或者remove(mOps即第三部分提到的保存add進的fragmnet集合)
            if (!isPop) {
                // 在28以前這裏會執行 expandReplaceOps 方法把 replace 替換(目標 fragment 已經被 add )成相應的 remove 和 add 兩個操做,或者(目標 fragment 沒有被 add )只替換成 add 操做。
                oldPrimaryNav = record.expandOps(this.mTmpAddedFragments, oldPrimaryNav);
            } else {
                oldPrimaryNav = record.trackAddedFragmentsInPop(this.mTmpAddedFragments, oldPrimaryNav);
            }

            addToBackStack = addToBackStack || record.mAddToBackStack;
        }

        this.mTmpAddedFragments.clear();
        if (!allowReordering) {
            FragmentTransition.startTransitions(this, records, isRecordPop, startIndex, endIndex, false);
        }
        // 若是allowReordering爲true,則此方法後面會走不通,則會走下面的判斷,最終都會到達咱們這部分最重要的方法————moveToState
        executeOps(records, isRecordPop, startIndex, endIndex);
        postponeIndex = endIndex;
        if (allowReordering) {
        /**
         * allowReordering爲true,走此邏輯
         *  容許從新排序(須要本身調用FragmentTransaction.setReorderingAllowed()方法設置)
         *  必須啓用fragment事務中的從新排序(即allowReordering),才能
         *  使延遲的fragment過渡生效,具體用法請參考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/232073710172
        */
            ArraySet<Fragment> addedFragments = new ArraySet();
            this.addAddedFragments(addedFragments);
            // 此方法最後會走到moveToState方法,具體源碼請自行查看
            postponeIndex = this.postponePostponableTransactions(records, isRecordPop, startIndex, endIndex, addedFragments);
            this.makeRemovedFragmentsInvisible(addedFragments);
        }
        ...
    }
    
    private static void executeOps(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop, int startIndex, int endIndex) {
        for(int i = startIndex; i < endIndex; ++i) {
            BackStackRecord record = (BackStackRecord)records.get(i);
            boolean isPop = (Boolean)isRecordPop.get(i);
            // 從上面分析可知isRecordPop取出來的是false(「回退棧」出棧時爲trueif (isPop) {
                record.bumpBackStackNesting(-1);
                boolean moveToState = i == endIndex - 1;
                // 若爲回退棧出棧操做,則執行此方法,
                // 此方法中根據op.cmd判斷對framgnet進行相應的處理,
                // 與else分支相同的cmd指令處理邏輯不一樣
                record.executePopOps(moveToState);
            } else {
                record.bumpBackStackNesting(1);
                record.executeOps();
            }
        }
    }
複製代碼

咱們從removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute()方法的源碼中能夠看到該方法其實是對records集合中全部動做的startIndex(起始動做位置), recordNum(須要操做的動做個數)的設置,而後都會去調用executeOpsTogether()方法,而executeOpsTogether()方法咱們只展現部分代碼,其中會對mOps進行擴展操做,最後調用方法executeOps()繼續操做,而方法executeOps中又通過判斷最終調用BackStackRecord類的executeOps()方法。

// BackStackRecord類:
    void executeOps() {
        int numOps = this.mOps.size();
        // 遍歷執行全部的mOps(包含咱們commit操做前的全部其它操做,好比:add、hide等)
        for(int opNum = 0; opNum < numOps; ++opNum) {
            BackStackRecord.Op op = (BackStackRecord.Op)this.mOps.get(opNum);
            Fragment f = op.fragment;
            if (f != null) {
                f.setNextTransition(this.mTransition, this.mTransitionStyle);
            }
            // 根據op.cmd指令進行操做,相信根據下面每一個分支的邏輯能分別出每一個指令對應的操做
            switch(op.cmd) {
            case 1:
                f.setNextAnim(op.enterAnim);
                this.mManager.addFragment(f, false);
                break;
            case 2:
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown cmd: " + op.cmd);
            case 3:
                f.setNextAnim(op.exitAnim);
                this.mManager.removeFragment(f);
                break;
            case 4:
                f.setNextAnim(op.exitAnim);
                this.mManager.hideFragment(f);
                break;
            case 5:
                f.setNextAnim(op.enterAnim);
                this.mManager.showFragment(f);
                break;
            case 6:
                f.setNextAnim(op.exitAnim);
                this.mManager.detachFragment(f);
                break;
            case 7:
                f.setNextAnim(op.enterAnim);
                this.mManager.attachFragment(f);
                break;
            case 8:
                this.mManager.setPrimaryNavigationFragment(f);
                break;
            case 9:
                this.mManager.setPrimaryNavigationFragment((Fragment)null);
            }

            if (!this.mReorderingAllowed && op.cmd != 1 && f != null) {
                this.mManager.moveFragmentToExpectedState(f);
            }
        }
        // 只有沒設置setReorderingAllowed(true)的才能繼續,
        // 而設置的會在前面的某步邏輯當中走到moveToState方法內,上面有說明
        if (!this.mReorderingAllowed) {
            // 最後調用咱們這部分最重要的方法:moveToState
            this.mManager.moveToState(this.mManager.mCurState, true);
        }
    }
 
 // 1. 提交add操做時將當前提交的fragmen添加進mActive和mAdded裏
    // 並重置fragment.mAdded和fragment.mRemoving兩個的狀態
    public void addFragment(Fragment fragment, boolean moveToStateNow) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "add: " + fragment);
        }
        // 調用makeActive,將fragment添加進mActive
        this.makeActive(fragment);
        if (!fragment.mDetached) {
            if (this.mAdded.contains(fragment)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Fragment already added: " + fragment);
            }

            synchronized(this.mAdded) {
                // 將fragment也添加進mAdded裏
                this.mAdded.add(fragment);
            }
            // 設置mAdded和mRemoving狀態
            fragment.mAdded = true;
            fragment.mRemoving = false;
            if (fragment.mView == null) {
                fragment.mHiddenChanged = false;
            }

            if (fragment.mHasMenu && fragment.mMenuVisible) {
                this.mNeedMenuInvalidate = true;
            }

            if (moveToStateNow) {
                this.moveToState(fragment);
            }
        }
    }
    void makeActive(Fragment f) {
        if (f.mIndex < 0) {
            f.setIndex(this.mNextFragmentIndex++, this.mParent);
            if (this.mActive == null) {
                this.mActive = new SparseArray();
            }
            // 將fragment添加進mActive
            this.mActive.put(f.mIndex, f);
            if (DEBUG) {
                Log.v("FragmentManager", "Allocated fragment index " + f);
            }
        }
    }

// 2. 提交remove操做時將當前提交的fragment從mAdded移除
    // 並重置fragment.mAdded和fragment.mRemoving兩個的狀態
    public void removeFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "remove: " + fragment + " nesting=" + fragment.mBackStackNesting);
        }

        boolean inactive = !fragment.isInBackStack();
        if (!fragment.mDetached || inactive) {
            synchronized(this.mAdded) {
                this.mAdded.remove(fragment);
            }

            if (fragment.mHasMenu && fragment.mMenuVisible) {
                this.mNeedMenuInvalidate = true;
            }

            fragment.mAdded = false;
            fragment.mRemoving = true;
        }

    }
    
// 3. 設置fragment.mHidden的狀態爲false
    public void showFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "show: " + fragment);
        }

        if (fragment.mHidden) {
            fragment.mHidden = false;
            fragment.mHiddenChanged = !fragment.mHiddenChanged;
        }

    }
    
// 4. 設置fragment.mHidden的狀態爲true
    public void hideFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "hide: " + fragment);
        }

        if (!fragment.mHidden) {
            fragment.mHidden = true;
            fragment.mHiddenChanged = !fragment.mHiddenChanged;
        }

    }
複製代碼

哈哈,這段代碼彷佛有點多,不過好理解,咱們來先說一下這段代碼裏都有些什麼,咱們從executeOps()方法中能夠看到該方法裏經過for循環對mOps進行了遍歷,而這次遍歷會對咱們本次commit提交的全部操做進行設置。好比咱們上面列出的四中操做:add、remove、show和hide同樣。

咱們先來看這段代碼中的兩個集合:mAdded和mActive

  1. mAdded:包含了全部已經 added 而且沒有被從Activity中removed和detached的Fragments

    注:若是一個 Fragment被添加到Activity中那麼這個Fragment會被added到該列表。Fragment被從Activity中removed或者Fragment從Activity中detached,則就會被從該列表中移除。

  2. mAdded 的一個超集,是綁定到一個 Activity 上的全部 Fragment。包括返回棧中全部的經過任何 FragmentTransaction 添加的 Fragments。這是很是重要的由於以下緣由:

  • 當一個 Activity 要保存它的 State 時,它必須保存它全部 Fragment 的狀態,由於 mActive 保存了全部 Fragment,因此係統只要存儲這個列表裏的 Fragment 的狀態就行了。而mAdded 只是被序列化成一個整形數組,每一個元素指向 Fragment 在 mActive 中的下標位置(這塊在前面 Fragment 的存儲與恢復中分析到了)。

  • 在恢復 Activity 的狀態時,FragmentManager 的狀態也會被恢復,mActive 列表就能夠被用來恢復 mAdded 列表,由於保存狀態的時候mAdded 被簡單的保存爲整形數組。

  • 當一個 Activity 經歷它的各生命週期時,它必須引發全部綁定的 Fragment 經歷各自的生命週期。

    • 該 Activity 的 FragmentManager 有義務去引導全部 Fragemnt 轉換到正確的狀態,這其中包括屏幕上可見的 Fragment 的 View 層級的初始化,而且調用正確的生命週期函數。
    • 爲了確保完整,FragmentManager 將遍歷mActive 中全部的 Fragment,而不只僅是 mAdded。
  • 它持有全部 BackStack 返回棧引用的對象。

    • 這確保了返回棧中對 Fragment 操做的回滾可以實現。

    注:若是一個Fragment被添加到Activity中那麼這個Fragment會被added到該列表。只有在兩種狀況 Fragment纔會被從該列表中移除:一是,Fragment被從Activity中移除而且沒有在返回棧中;二是一個transaction從返回棧中被pop出來、Fragment的add或者replace操做被逆向,即返回棧再也不持有 Fragment。

咱們接着來講moveToState這個方法:

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    void moveToState(int newState, boolean always) {
        if (this.mHost == null && newState != 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("No activity");
        } else if (always || newState != this.mCurState) {
            this.mCurState = newState;
            if (this.mActive != null) {
                int numAdded = this.mAdded.size();
                
                int numActive;
                // 遍歷mAdded集合,確定會走此代碼邏輯
                for(numActive = 0; numActive < numAdded; ++numActive) {
                    Fragment f = (Fragment)this.mAdded.get(numActive);
                    // 將fragment移至預期狀態
                    this.moveFragmentToExpectedState(f);
                }

                numActive = this.mActive.size();
                // // 遍歷mActive集合(若調用回退棧出棧,則會走此出代碼)
                for(int i = 0; i < numActive; ++i) {
                    Fragment f = (Fragment)this.mActive.valueAt(i);
                    // 當前framgnet不爲空 而且 此時操做爲remove或者detach 而且不是新添加的則會執行下面代碼
                    if (f != null && (f.mRemoving || f.mDetached) && !f.mIsNewlyAdded) {
                        // // 將fragment移至預期狀態
                        this.moveFragmentToExpectedState(f);
                    }
                }
                // fragment的成員屬性f.mDeferStart爲true才能走通下面代碼(具體暫不分析)
                this.startPendingDeferredFragments();
                if (this.mNeedMenuInvalidate && this.mHost != null && this.mCurState == 4) {
                    this.mHost.onSupportInvalidateOptionsMenu();
                    this.mNeedMenuInvalidate = false;
                }
            }
        }
    }
複製代碼

咱們來看一下moveToState方法中的參數newState,BackStackRecord類中的executeOps裏傳過來的是mManager.mCurState,而mManager.mCurState默認爲0,即須要add的狀態。咱們如今回想一下fragment爲何會隨着Activity的週期變化而變化呢?咱們來看段代碼:

// FragmentActivity類:
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        this.mFragments.attachHost((Fragment)null);
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        ......
        this.mFragments.dispatchCreate();
    }

// FragmentController類:
    public void dispatchCreate() {
        this.mHost.mFragmentManager.dispatchCreate();
    }
    
// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    public void dispatchCreate() {
        this.mStateSaved = false;
        this.mStopped = false;
        this.dispatchStateChange(1);
    }
    private void dispatchStateChange(int nextState) {
        try {
            this.mExecutingActions = true;
            // 這裏走到了moveToState
            this.moveToState(nextState, false);
        } finally {
            this.mExecutingActions = false;
        }

        this.execPendingActions();
    }
複製代碼

這段代碼是從上到下的順序執行的,咱們能夠看到在FragmentActivity的onCreate週期方法中一步一步的走到了moveToState,而moveToState正是走到fragment週期方法的關鍵(FragmentActivity的其它週期方法同onCreate方法也會走到對應的fragment的週期方法中)。既然moveToState是走到fragment週期方法的關鍵,那咱們繼續往下分析,上面已經說到會走到FragmentManagerImpl類的moveFragmentToExpectedState(f)方法中:

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    void moveFragmentToExpectedState(Fragment f) {
        if (f != null) {
            int nextState = this.mCurState;
            if (f.mRemoving) {
                // 若是操做爲remove則nextState設置爲1或者0,用於後面判斷
                if (f.isInBackStack()) {
                    nextState = Math.min(nextState, 1);
                } else {
                    nextState = Math.min(nextState, 0);
                }
            }
            // 繼續走同名方法
            this.moveToState(f, nextState, f.getNextTransition(), f.getNextTransitionStyle(), false);
            // 若是當前View不爲空,則添加布局執行動畫
            if (f.mView != null) {
                Fragment underFragment = this.findFragmentUnder(f);
                if (underFragment != null) {
                    View underView = underFragment.mView;
                    ViewGroup container = f.mContainer;
                    int underIndex = container.indexOfChild(underView);
                    int viewIndex = container.indexOfChild(f.mView);
                    if (viewIndex < underIndex) {
                        container.removeViewAt(viewIndex);
                        container.addView(f.mView, underIndex);
                    }
                }

                if (f.mIsNewlyAdded && f.mContainer != null) {
                    if (f.mPostponedAlpha > 0.0F) {
                        f.mView.setAlpha(f.mPostponedAlpha);
                    }

                    f.mPostponedAlpha = 0.0F;
                    f.mIsNewlyAdded = false;
                    FragmentManagerImpl.AnimationOrAnimator anim = this.loadAnimation(f, f.getNextTransition(), true, f.getNextTransitionStyle());
                    if (anim != null) {
                        setHWLayerAnimListenerIfAlpha(f.mView, anim);
                        if (anim.animation != null) {
                            f.mView.startAnimation(anim.animation);
                        } else {
                            anim.animator.setTarget(f.mView);
                            anim.animator.start();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (f.mHiddenChanged) {
                // 完成顯示隱藏fragment
                this.completeShowHideFragment(f);
            }

        }
    }
    
    void moveToState(Fragment f, int newState, int transit, int transitionStyle, boolean keepActive) {
        // 從新判斷設置newState狀態值
        if ((!f.mAdded || f.mDetached) && newState > 1) {
            newState = 1;
        }

        if (f.mRemoving && newState > f.mState) {
            if (f.mState == 0 && f.isInBackStack()) {
                newState = 1;
            } else {
                newState = f.mState;
            }
        }

        if (f.mDeferStart && f.mState < 3 && newState > 2) {
            newState = 2;
        }
        
        // 若是fragment自身的狀態<=newState狀態,則證實此時fragment是被建立階段
        if (f.mState <= newState) {
            label297: {
                if (f.mFromLayout && !f.mInLayout) {
                    return;
                }

                if (f.getAnimatingAway() != null || f.getAnimator() != null) {
                    f.setAnimatingAway((View)null);
                    f.setAnimator((Animator)null);
                    this.moveToState(f, f.getStateAfterAnimating(), 0, 0, true);
                }
                // 判斷fragment狀態進行處理
                switch(f.mState) {
                case 0:
                    if (newState > 0) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            Log.v("FragmentManager", "moveto CREATED: " + f);
                        }

                        if (f.mSavedFragmentState != null) {
                            f.mSavedFragmentState.setClassLoader(this.mHost.getContext().getClassLoader());
                            f.mSavedViewState = f.mSavedFragmentState.getSparseParcelableArray("android:view_state");
                            f.mTarget = this.getFragment(f.mSavedFragmentState, "android:target_state");
                            if (f.mTarget != null) {
                                f.mTargetRequestCode = f.mSavedFragmentState.getInt("android:target_req_state", 0);
                            }

                            if (f.mSavedUserVisibleHint != null) {
                                f.mUserVisibleHint = f.mSavedUserVisibleHint;
                                f.mSavedUserVisibleHint = null;
                            } else {
                                f.mUserVisibleHint = f.mSavedFragmentState.getBoolean("android:user_visible_hint", true);
                            }

                            if (!f.mUserVisibleHint) {
                                f.mDeferStart = true;
                                if (newState > 2) {
                                    newState = 2;
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        f.mHost = this.mHost;
                        f.mParentFragment = this.mParent;
                        f.mFragmentManager = this.mParent != null ? this.mParent.mChildFragmentManager : this.mHost.getFragmentManagerImpl();
                        if (f.mTarget != null) {
                            if (this.mActive.get(f.mTarget.mIndex) != f.mTarget) {
                                throw new IllegalStateException("Fragment " + f + " declared target fragment " + f.mTarget + " that does not belong to this FragmentManager!");
                            }

                            if (f.mTarget.mState < 1) {
                                this.moveToState(f.mTarget, 1, 0, 0, true);
                            }
                        }

                        this.dispatchOnFragmentPreAttached(f, this.mHost.getContext(), false);
                        f.mCalled = false;
                        // 執行fragment的onAttach週期方法
                        f.onAttach(this.mHost.getContext());
                        if (!f.mCalled) {
                            throw new SuperNotCalledException("Fragment " + f + " did not call through to super.onAttach()");
                        }

                        if (f.mParentFragment == null) {
                            this.mHost.onAttachFragment(f);
                        } else {
                            f.mParentFragment.onAttachFragment(f);
                        }

                        this.dispatchOnFragmentAttached(f, this.mHost.getContext(), false);
                        if (!f.mIsCreated) {
                            this.dispatchOnFragmentPreCreated(f, f.mSavedFragmentState, false);
                            f.performCreate(f.mSavedFragmentState);
                            this.dispatchOnFragmentCreated(f, f.mSavedFragmentState, false);
                        } else {
                            f.restoreChildFragmentState(f.mSavedFragmentState);
                            f.mState = 1;
                        }

                        f.mRetaining = false;
                    }
                case 1:
                    this.ensureInflatedFragmentView(f);
                    if (newState > 1) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            Log.v("FragmentManager", "moveto ACTIVITY_CREATED: " + f);
                        }

                        if (!f.mFromLayout) {
                            ViewGroup container = null;
                            if (f.mContainerId != 0) {
                                if (f.mContainerId == -1) {
                                    this.throwException(new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot create fragment " + f + " for a container view with no id"));
                                }

                                container = (ViewGroup)this.mContainer.onFindViewById(f.mContainerId);
                                if (container == null && !f.mRestored) {
                                    String resName;
                                    try {
                                        resName = f.getResources().getResourceName(f.mContainerId);
                                    } catch (NotFoundException var9) {
                                        resName = "unknown";
                                    }

                                    this.throwException(new IllegalArgumentException("No view found for id 0x" + Integer.toHexString(f.mContainerId) + " (" + resName + ") for fragment " + f));
                                }
                            }

                            f.mContainer = container;
                           // 執行fragment的onCreateView週期方法 f.performCreateView(f.performGetLayoutInflater(f.mSavedFragmentState), container, f.mSavedFragmentState);
                            if (f.mView == null) {
                                f.mInnerView = null;
                            } else {
                                f.mInnerView = f.mView;
                                f.mView.setSaveFromParentEnabled(false);
                                if (container != null) {
                                    container.addView(f.mView);
                                }

                                if (f.mHidden) {
                                    f.mView.setVisibility(8);
                                }
                                // 執行fragment的onViewCreated週期方法
                                f.onViewCreated(f.mView, f.mSavedFragmentState);
                                this.dispatchOnFragmentViewCreated(f, f.mView, f.mSavedFragmentState, false);
                                f.mIsNewlyAdded = f.mView.getVisibility() == 0 && f.mContainer != null;
                            }
                        }

                        f.performActivityCreated(f.mSavedFragmentState);
                        this.dispatchOnFragmentActivityCreated(f, f.mSavedFragmentState, false);
                        if (f.mView != null) {
                            f.restoreViewState(f.mSavedFragmentState);
                        }
                        // 執行fragment的onActivityCreated週期方法
                        f.mSavedFragmentState = null;
                    }
                case 2:
                    if (newState > 2) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            Log.v("FragmentManager", "moveto STARTED: " + f);
                        }
                        // 執行framgnet的onStart週期方法
                        f.performStart();
                        this.dispatchOnFragmentStarted(f, false);
                    }
                case 3:
                    break;
                default:
                    break label297;
                }

                if (newState > 3) {
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        Log.v("FragmentManager", "moveto RESUMED: " + f);
                    }
                    // 執行framgnet的onResume週期方法
                    f.performResume();
                    this.dispatchOnFragmentResumed(f, false);
                    f.mSavedFragmentState = null;
                    f.mSavedViewState = null;
                }
            }
        // 若是fragment自身的狀態>=newState狀態,則證實此時fragment是被銷燬階段
        } else if (f.mState > newState) {
            switch(f.mState) {
            case 4:
                if (newState < 4) {
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        Log.v("FragmentManager", "movefrom RESUMED: " + f);
                    }
                    // 執行framgnet的onPause週期方法
                    f.performPause();
                    this.dispatchOnFragmentPaused(f, false);
                }
            case 3:
                if (newState < 3) {
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        Log.v("FragmentManager", "movefrom STARTED: " + f);
                    }
                    // 執行framgnet的onStop週期方法
                    f.performStop();
                    this.dispatchOnFragmentStopped(f, false);
                }
            case 2:
                if (newState < 2) {
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        Log.v("FragmentManager", "movefrom ACTIVITY_CREATED: " + f);
                    }

                    if (f.mView != null && this.mHost.onShouldSaveFragmentState(f) && f.mSavedViewState == null) {
                        this.saveFragmentViewState(f);
                    }
                    // 執行framgnet的onDestroyView週期方法
                    f.performDestroyView();
                    this.dispatchOnFragmentViewDestroyed(f, false);
                    if (f.mView != null && f.mContainer != null) {
                        f.mContainer.endViewTransition(f.mView);
                        f.mView.clearAnimation();
                        FragmentManagerImpl.AnimationOrAnimator anim = null;
                        if (this.mCurState > 0 && !this.mDestroyed && f.mView.getVisibility() == 0 && f.mPostponedAlpha >= 0.0F) {
                            anim = this.loadAnimation(f, transit, false, transitionStyle);
                        }

                        f.mPostponedAlpha = 0.0F;
                        if (anim != null) {
                            this.animateRemoveFragment(f, anim, newState);
                        }

                        f.mContainer.removeView(f.mView);
                    }

                    f.mContainer = null;
                    f.mView = null;
                    f.mViewLifecycleOwner = null;
                    f.mViewLifecycleOwnerLiveData.setValue((Object)null);
                    f.mInnerView = null;
                    f.mInLayout = false;
                }
            case 1:
                if (newState < 1) {
                    if (this.mDestroyed) {
                        if (f.getAnimatingAway() != null) {
                            View v = f.getAnimatingAway();
                            f.setAnimatingAway((View)null);
                            v.clearAnimation();
                        } else if (f.getAnimator() != null) {
                            Animator animator = f.getAnimator();
                            f.setAnimator((Animator)null);
                            animator.cancel();
                        }
                    }

                    if (f.getAnimatingAway() == null && f.getAnimator() == null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            Log.v("FragmentManager", "movefrom CREATED: " + f);
                        }

                        if (!f.mRetaining) {
                            // 執行framgnet的onDestroy週期方法
                            f.performDestroy();
                            this.dispatchOnFragmentDestroyed(f, false);
                        } else {
                            f.mState = 0;
                        }
                        // 執行framgnet的onDetach週期方法
                        f.performDetach();
                        this.dispatchOnFragmentDetached(f, false);
                        if (!keepActive) {
                            if (!f.mRetaining) {
                                this.makeInactive(f);
                            } else {
                                f.mHost = null;
                                f.mParentFragment = null;
                                f.mFragmentManager = null;
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        f.setStateAfterAnimating(newState);
                        newState = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (f.mState != newState) {
            Log.w("FragmentManager", "moveToState: Fragment state for " + f + " not updated inline; " + "expected state " + newState + " found " + f.mState);
            f.mState = newState;
        }

    }
複製代碼

繼續從FragmentManagerImpl類的moveFragmentToExpectedState(f)方法中提及,該方法中又會繼續調用moveToState方法,這個方法和上面的moveToState方法不一樣,這倆方法是同名不一樣參的方法,該方法中會根據fragment的mState自身的狀態值和newState傳過來的狀態值進行比較來區分:當前fragment是走建立階段的週期方法仍是銷燬階段的週期方法,進一步再經過fragment的mState判斷到底要走哪一個fragment的週期方法,具體標註可看代碼註釋哦。

Fragment的7種狀態(mState):

  • static final int INVALID_STATE = -1; // 做爲null值的非法狀態
  • static final int INITIALIZING = 0; // 沒有被create
  • static final int CREATED = 1; // 已經create
  • static final int ACTIVITY_CREATED = 2; // Activity已經完成了create
  • static final int STOPPED = 3; // 徹底建立,還沒start
  • static final int STARTED = 4; // 已經create和start,尚未resume
  • static final int RESUMED = 5; // 已經完成create,start和resume

至此咱們的Fragment的源碼分析按照一開始的流程已分析完畢。

「回退棧」:BackStackRecord 出棧

咱們最後說一下回退棧(FragmentManagerImpl的成員mBackStack),其實咱們在cooimt操做時咱們就已經設置了「回退棧」內的元素。從新看一下該部分代碼:

// FragmentManagerImpl類:
    public boolean generateOps(ArrayList<BackStackRecord> records, ArrayList<Boolean> isRecordPop) {
        if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) {
            Log.v("FragmentManager", "Run: " + this);
        }

        records.add(this);
        isRecordPop.add(false);
        if (this.mAddToBackStack) {
            this.mManager.addBackStackState(this);
        }

        return true;
    }
    void addBackStackState(BackStackRecord state) {
        if (this.mBackStack == null) {
            this.mBackStack = new ArrayList();
        }

        this.mBackStack.add(state);
    }
複製代碼

咱們回顧一下上面的邏輯,在執行BackStackRecord類(實現了OpGenerator接口)的方法generateOps時,就已經將當前的BackStackRecord入棧啦。而BackStackRecord出棧主要是調用以下幾個方法:

  • popBackStack()
  • popBackStackImmediate()
  • popBackStack(int id/String name, int flags)
  • popBackStackImmediate(int id/String name, int flags)

PopBackStackState類 實現了 OpGenerator 接口,具體實現以下:

  • 參數 records 用來存放出棧的 BackStackRecord
  • 參數 isRecordPop 用來存放相應 BackStackRecord 是否爲出棧(顯然爲 true)
  • 參數 name 表示出棧到相應 name 的 BackStackRecord
  • 參數 id 表示出棧到相應 id 的 BackStackRecord
  • 參數 flags (0 或者 POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE)
  • POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE 若是參數 flags ==POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE 而且設置了 name 或者 id 那麼,全部符合該 name 或者 id 的 BackStackRecord 都將被匹配,直到遇到一個不匹配的或者到達了棧底,而後出棧全部 BackStackRecord 直到最終匹配到的下標位置。不然只匹配第一次 name 或者 id 相符的 BackStackRecord,而後出棧全部 BackStackRecord 直到但不包括匹配到的下標位置。

若咱們本身主動調用popBackStack兩個方法之一,實際上就是調用了enqueueAction方法,並傳入PopBackStackState類的新建立實例,而此時isRecordPop集合裏存的值就是true。在上面部分分析中也說明了isRecordPop集合中存的元素對代碼邏輯的影響。最後會致使界面顯示的是上一個fragment視圖。

若是 回退棧 mBackStack 爲空就終止出棧操做並返回 false,當name == null && id < 0 && (flags & POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE) == 0 (調用的是popBackStack()方法)時,把返回棧最後一個 BackStackRecord出棧。當 name 或者 id 被指定的時候,倒序遍歷 mBackStack ,若是遇到 name 或者 id 相符就退出循環,此時 index 爲第一次匹配到的下標,若是flags==POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE 繼續遍歷返回棧,直至棧底或者遇到不匹配的跳出循環。最後出棧全部 BackStackRecord。

總結(借用):

  1. show/hideFragment只是改變fragment根View的visibility,最多帶上個動畫效果,另外只有自己是hidden的fragment,調用show才起做用,不然沒用的,fragment.onHiddenChanged會被觸發;其次不會有生命週期callback觸發,固然了這些操做的前提是已經被add了的fragment;
  2. add Fragment的時候,無論加不加入回退棧都同樣,經歷的生命週期以下:onAttach、onCreate、onCreateView、onActivityCreate、onStart、onResume;
  3. removeFragment的時候,經歷的生命週期以下:onPause、onStop、onDestroyView,若是不加回退棧還會繼續走onDestroy、onDetach;remove的時候不只從mAdded中移除fragment,也從mActive中移除了
  4. attach/detach Fragment的前提都是已經add了的fragment,其生命週期回調不受回退棧影響。attach的時候onCreateView、onActivityCreate、onStart、onResume會被調用;detach的時候onPause、onStop、onDestroyView會被調用,onDestroy、onDetach不會被調用;對應的fragment只是從mAdded中移除了;

參考連接:

blog.csdn.net/feather_wch…

www.jianshu.com/p/47d20351b…

www.jianshu.com/p/1a5ecf1d9…

www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/p/58…

注:如有什麼地方闡述有誤,敬請指正。

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