AngularJS之動態生成select下拉框

1、select相關知識

<select>
	<option value="0">HTML</option>
    <option value="1">Java</option>
    <option value="2">Python</option>
</select>
複製代碼

其中,value 是存儲到數據庫的值,在此處爲0,1,2這些數值,label 爲顯示在頁面的值,在此處爲Html、Java這些字符。html

2、ng-options

1.數組做爲數據源

  • label for value in array
  • select as label for value in array
  • label group by group for value in array

代碼1(數組中爲字符串)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
    <!-- 這裏的label和value需一致,不然會報錯 表達式語法:label for value in array -->
	<select ng-model="name" ng-options="name for name in names"></select>
</div>

<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.names = ['baidu', 'Google', 'apple']; }); </script>
</body>
</html>
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最終獲得的結果爲:angularjs

<select ng-model="name" ng-options="name for name in names" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched">
    <option value="?" selected="selected"></option>
    <option value="string:baidu" label="baidu">baidu</option>
    <option value="string:Google" label="Google">Google</option>
    <option value="string:apple" label="apple">apple</option>
</select>
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須要注意的是,在最後生成的html代碼中option的value 值爲String:baidu ,會在數組中原有的字符串以前加上其類型的標識,這個經過百度瞭解到是由於angularjs版本問題形成,具體未測試。數據庫

代碼2(數組中爲一個對象)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
    <!-- 表達式語法:label for value in array -->
	<select ng-model="name" ng-options="c.id for c in coms"></select>
</div>
<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.coms = [ {'id':'baidu','name':'百度'}, {'id':'Google', 'name':'谷歌'}, {'id':'apple', 'name':'蘋果'}]; }); </script>
</body>
</html>
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最終獲得的html代碼爲:數組

<!-- 注意:此處ng-model綁定的name變量並不是選中項的name屬性,而是選中項的所有屬性 如選中了索引爲0項,則name={"id":"baidu","name":"百度"} 這邊ng-model綁定變量爲值爲select的value值 -->
<select ng-model="name" ng-options="c.id for c in coms" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched">
    <option value="?" selected="selected"></option>
    <option value="object:3" label="baidu">baidu</option>
    <option value="object:4" label="Google">Google</option>
    <option value="object:5" label="apple">apple</option>
</select>
複製代碼

經過生成的html代碼,咱們能夠看到這樣寫會使得最終的optionvalue 值顯示爲數據類型,而實際想要獲得的結果是顯示咱們選中的值,所以須要寫爲:app

<!-- 表達式語法:select as label for value in array c.id做爲select的value,c.name做爲select的label -->
ng-options="c.id as c.name for c in coms"
複製代碼

其中,c.id 對應valuec.name 對應label 。生成html代碼爲:測試

<select ng-model="name" ng-options="c.id as c.name for c in coms" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched">
    <option value="?" selected="selected"></option>
    <option value="string:baidu" label="百度">百度</option>
    <option value="string:Google" label="谷歌">谷歌</option>
    <option value="string:apple" label="蘋果">蘋果</option>
</select>
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代碼3(根據對象屬性分類)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
    <!-- 表達式語法:label group by group for value in array -->
	<select ng-options="c.name group by c.type for c in coms" ng-model="name" ></select>
</div>

<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.coms = [{'id':'baidu','name':'百度','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'Google', 'name':'谷歌','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'apple', 'name':'蘋果','type':'手機'}, {'id':'TaoBao', 'name':'淘寶','type':'購物'} ]; }); </script>
</body>
</html>
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獲得的html代碼爲:spa

<select ng-options="c.name group by c.type for c in coms" ng-model="name" class="ng-pristine ng-valid ng-touched">
    <optgroup label="搜索">
        <option value="object:3" label="百度" selected="selected">百度</option>
        <option value="object:4" label="谷歌">谷歌</option></optgroup>
    <optgroup label="手機">
        <option value="object:5" label="蘋果">蘋果</option>
    </optgroup>		
    <optgroup label="購物">
        <option value="object:6" label="淘寶">淘寶</option>
    </optgroup>
</select>
複製代碼

注意事項(默認選中問題)

經過以上最終獲得的HTML代碼能夠發現,每次生成的代碼都會默認選中一個空白的選項,若是須要手動指定一個默認選中值應該怎麼設置?code

咱們有兩種方式(此處代碼不完整,驗證時請將html部分補充完整):cdn

<!-- 以代碼2中(label for value in array)和(select as label for value in array) 爲例-->
<!-- 方式一:ng-init屬性 兩種語法形式在使用ng-init時有必定區別,其中第二中寫爲了name=coms[0].id是由於在ng-options中經過 select as 爲當前的select指定了coms[0].id做爲value的值;在寫法一種未指定value值,則默認爲coms中 的一個對象。 -->
<select ng-init="name1=coms[0]" ng-options="c.name for c in coms" ng-model="name1"></select>
<select ng-init="name2=coms[0].id" ng-options="c.id as c.name for c in coms" ng-model="name2"></select>

<!-- 方式二: 在js代碼中爲ng-model綁定的變量賦值 -->
<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.coms = [{'id':'baidu','name':'百度','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'Google', 'name':'谷歌','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'apple', 'name':'蘋果','type':'手機'}, {'id':'TaoBao', 'name':'淘寶','type':'購物'} ]; // label for value in array $scope.name1 = $scope.coms[0]; // select as label for value in array $scope.name2 = $scope.coms[0].id; }); </script>
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2.對象做爲數據源

  • label for (key, value) in object

代碼展現

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
	{{name4}}
    <!-- 表達式語法:select as label for (key, value) in object -->
	<select ng-options="value as key for (key, value) in province" ng-model='name4'></select>
</div>
<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.province = { '北京':'京', '山西':'晉', '上海':'滬', }; }); </script>
</body>
</html>
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3.所有語法

for array data sources:htm

  • label for value in array
  • select as label for value in array
  • label group by group for value in array
  • label disable when disable for value in array
  • label group by group for value in array track by trackexpr
  • label disable when disable for value in array track by trackexpr
  • label for value in array | orderBy:orderexpr track by trackexpr(for including a filter with track by)

for object data sources:

  • label for (key , value) in object
  • select as label for (key ,value) in object
  • label group by group for (key,value) in object
  • label disable when disable for (key, value) in object
  • select as label group by group for(key, value) in object
  • select as label disable when disable for (key, value) in object

3、ng-repeat

代碼示例:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
	<select>
		<option value="" selected="selected">====請選擇====</option>
		<option ng-repeat="com in coms" value="{{com.name}}">{{com.name}}</option>
	</select>
</div>

<script> var app = angular.module('myApp', []); app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) { $scope.coms = [{'id':'baidu','name':'百度','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'Google', 'name':'谷歌','type':'搜索'}, {'id':'apple', 'name':'蘋果','type':'手機'}, {'id':'TaoBao', 'name':'淘寶','type':'購物'} ]; }); </script>
</body>
</html>
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4、總結

使用ng-repeat動態生成select比ng-option略微簡單,可是ng-repeat有必定的侷限性,選擇的值只能是一個字符串,而使用ng-option選擇的值能夠是一個對象。

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