在Unity項目中使用Git

本文參考了Unity官網的Mastering Unity Project Folder Structure - Version Control Systems和Using External Version Control Systems with Unity。

首先須要瞭解一下Unity的目錄結構。假設有一個叫作testproject的項目，那麼它的結構應該以下圖所示。

Assembly-CSharp-vs.csproj and Assembly-CSharp.csproj – Visual Studio (with -vs suffix) and MonoDevelop project files generated for your C# scripts.

Assembly-CSharp-vs.csproj 和 Assembly-CSharp.csproj ：Visual Studio（帶有-vs後綴）和MonoDevelop爲C#腳本生成的項目文件。

Assembly-UnityScript-vs.unityproj and Assembly-UnityScript.unityproj – the same project files but for JavaScript scripts.

Assembly-UnityScript-vs.unityproj 和 Assembly-UnityScript.unityproj：相同的項目文件，只不過是爲JavaScript腳本。

testproject.sln and testproject-csharp.sln – solution files for IDEs, first one includes all C#, JavaScript and Boo projects, while the second one – only C# projects and is designed to be opened in Visual Studio, because VS doesn’t know to handle JavaScript and Boo projects.

testproject.sln 和 testproject-csharp.sln：IDE的解決方案文件，第一個包括全部的C#、JavaScript和Boo腳本；而第二個只包括C#腳本，被設計用來在Visual Studio中打開，由於VS不知道如何處理JavaScript和Boo項目。

testproject.userprefs and testproject-csharp.userprefs – configuration files where MonoDevelop stores current opened files, breakpoints, watches etc.

testproject.userprefs 和 testproject-csharp.userprefs：MonoDevelop用來存儲當前打開文件、斷點、觀測等的配置文件。

Assets – folder where all game resources are stored, including scripts, textures, sound, custom editors etc. Definitely the most important folder in your project.

Assets：存儲全部遊戲資源的文件夾，包括腳本、紋理、聲音、編輯器定製等。固然是項目中最重要的文件夾。

ProjectSettings – in this folder Unity stores all project settings like Physics, Tags, Player settings etc. In other words everything you setup from Edit → Project Settings set of menus goes into this folder.

ProjectSettings：在這個文件夾中Unity存儲全部的項目設置，如物理、標籤、角色設置等。或者說，全部你從 Edit → Project 的菜單中設置的都在這個文件夾中。

Library – local cache for imported assets, when using external version control system should be completely ignored.

Library：被導入資源的本地緩存，當使用外部版本控制系統時應當被徹底忽略。

obj and Temp – folders for temporary files generated during build, first one used by MonoDevelop, second – by Unity.

obj 和 Temp：存儲構建時產生的臨時文件的文件夾，第一個用於MonoDevelop，第二個用於Unity。

看完了以上的內容就能夠知道，咱們只須要將Assets和ProjectSettings兩個文件夾歸入版本控制便可。但在編寫.gitignore文件前，還須要如下幾個步驟，將設置以文本形式存儲以利於版本控制：

1. 在 Edit->Project Settings->Editor->Version Control Mode 中選擇 Visible Meta files。
2. 在 Edit->Project Settings->Editor->Asset Serialization Mode 中選擇 Force Text。
3. 保存場景和項目。

下面是一份參考的.gitignore文件：

=============== 
Unity generated
===============
Temp/
Library/

=====================================
Visual Studio / MonoDevelop generated
=====================================
ExportedObj/
obj/
*.svd
*.userprefs
/*.csproj
*.pidb
*.suo
/*.sln
*.user
*.unityproj
*.booproj

============
OS generated
============
.DS_Store
.DS_Store?
._*
.Spotlight-V100
.Trashes
ehthumbs.db
Thumbs.db