Linux安裝部署FTP服務器

時間 2019-12-15

原文原文鏈接

　　本文章會將安裝FTP服務器的步驟以及一些遇到的問題來記錄下

　　由於項目中要與第三方對接數據，須要用到FTP服務器以提供他們天天上傳數據，由於以前在本地的VMware虛擬機上部署過一次，此次則在天翼雲上部署。

　　首先，咱們執行安裝命令：yum install -y vsftpd服務器

　　執行後會自動下載，而後安裝，以下：session

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 3.7 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                     |  26 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 1.9 MB     00:00     
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Arch                                                    Version                                                         Repository                                             Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 vsftpd                                                  x86_64                                                  2.2.2-24.el6                                                    base                                                  156 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 156 k
Installed size: 340 k
Downloading Packages:
vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                        | 156 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 
  Verifying  : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 

Installed:
  vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6                                                                                                                                                                                                               

Complete!

　　以上就表明安裝成功了！async

　　安裝成功後咱們進入FTP文件夾查看是否有問題，FTP在Linux上名稱爲 vsftpd ，默認安裝在 /etc/vsftpd 目錄下；ide

　　執行：命令，進入FTP文件夾中查看文件，會看有四個文件，以下：this

-rw------- 1 root root  125 Mar 22  2017 ftpusers　　黑名單文件，此文件裏的用戶不容許訪問 FTP 服務器
-rw------- 1 root root  361 Mar 22  2017 user_list　　白名單文件，是容許訪問 FTP 服務器的用戶列表
-rw------- 1 root root 4599 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd.conf 　核心配置文件
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root  338 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh　　FTP服務

　　安裝完成以後先不要着急配置，咱們先給Linux系統添加一個用戶，一個登陸FTP服務器的用戶；阿里雲

　　執行命令，建立一個 ftpuser 的用戶，idea

　　執行命令，修改此用戶的密碼。spa

　　這裏須要限制FTP登陸的人數，咱們進入 vsftpd 目錄下的 user_list 中修改，以下：debug

# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root　　
ftpuser

　　user_list 裏面的內容是可以登陸FTP的用戶列表，如果不想讓其餘用戶登陸，則刪除該文件內的其餘用戶名，僅保留咱們剛纔建立的一個用戶（root爲系統管理員，如果不須要也能夠刪除）。3d

　　完成以上步驟咱們接下來要配置 vsftpd.conf 這個核心文件，下面是該文件裏的內容：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

　　此配置咱們僅須要修改一個地方，就是匿名用戶登陸的時候將其禁止，而後指定FTP根目錄就好了，其餘的也能夠自行查找網上的一些方式來配置。

　　修改：改成 NO，禁止匿名用戶訪問。

　　新增：指定用戶訪問主目錄（FTP文件存放目錄）。

　　可是目前沒有這個文件夾，因此咱們須要建立這個文件夾，命令：

　　而後更改目錄訪問用戶，命令：