python利用zabbix API添加監控

首先說一下坑的地方就是python2和python3的模塊改變問題，固然精通python的能夠略過。這個在網上百度一下吧，第二個是導入xlsx文件的時候須要xlrd模塊，而這個模塊最好跟着我下面的方法走，那個python2 就能夠用我下邊的腳本了。

1.安裝xlrd讀取Excel文件

1.1. 下載setuptools-38.2.4.zip，上傳至zabbix服務器解壓安裝，下載地址：https://pypi.python.org/packages/69/56/f0f52281b5175e3d9ca8623dadbc3b684e66350ea9e0006736194b265e99/setuptools-38.2.4.zip#md5=e8e05d4f8162c9341e1089c80f742f64

[root@localhost temp]# ll #上傳文件setuptools-38.2.4.zip
total 724
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 736683 Dec 17 22:37 setuptools-38.2.4.zip

[root@localhost temp]# unzip setuptools-38.2.4.zip #解壓setuptools-38.2.4.zip

1.2下載pip-9.0.1.tar.gz，上傳至zabbix服務器解壓安裝，下載地址：https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz#md5=35f01da33009719497f01a4ba69d63c9

[root@localhost temp]# ll
total 1896
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1197370 Dec 17 22:53 pip-9.0.1.tar.gz #上傳文件pip-9.0.1.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Dec 17 22:55 setuptools-38.2.4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 736683 Dec 17 22:37 setuptools-38.2.4.zip

[root@localhost temp]# tar -xzvf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz #解壓pip-9.0.1.tar.gz

[root@localhost pip-9.0.1]# python setup.py build #編譯
[root@localhost pip-9.0.1]# python setup.py install #安裝

[root@localhost pip-9.0.1]# pip install xlrd #安裝xlrd

3.編輯Excel模板

3.1主機名、顯示名、IP、主機組、模板

3.2將Execle表zabbix_host_add.xlsx上傳至zabbix服務器

[root@localhost temp]# ll
total 1964
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46079 Dec 17 23:28 zabbix_host_add.xlsx
4.編寫Python腳本，參考http://www.361way.com/zabbix-api-2/3681.html
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8

import json
import urllib2
from urllib2 import URLError
import sys,argparse
import xlrd

defaultencoding = 'utf-8'
if sys.getdefaultencoding() != defaultencoding:
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(defaultencoding)

class zabbix_api:
def init(self):
self.url = 'http://zabbix服務器IP地址/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php' #修改URL
self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

def user_login(self):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                           "method": "user.login",
                           "params": {
                                      "user": "Admin", #web頁面登陸用戶名
                                      "password": "zabbix" #web頁面登陸密碼
                                      },
                           "id": 0
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "\033[041m 用戶認證失敗，請檢查 !\033[0m", e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response['result']
            self.authID = response['result']
            return self.authID

    def host_get(self,hostName=''):
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.get",
                "params": {
                          "output": "extend",
                          "filter":{"host":hostName}
                          },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            #print response
            result.close()
            print "主機數量: \033[31m%s\033[0m"%(len(response['result']))
            for host in response['result']:     
                    status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"}
                    available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"}
                    #print host
                    if len(hostName)==0:
                            print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
                    else:
                            print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
                            return host['hostid']

    def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=''):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"hostgroup.get",
                           "params":{
                                     "output": "extend",
                                     "filter": {
                                                "name": hostgroupName
                                                }
                                     },
                           "auth":self.user_login(),
                           "id":1,
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            #print result.read()
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response()
            for group in response['result']:
                    if  len(hostgroupName)==0:
                            print "hostgroup:  \033[31m%s\033[0m \tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
                    else:
                            print "hostgroup:  \033[31m%s\033[0m\tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
                            self.hostgroupID = group['groupid']
                            return group['groupid']

    def template_get(self,templateName=''):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method": "template.get",
                           "params": {
                                      "output": "extend",
                                      "filter": {
                                                 "name":templateName                                                       
                                                 }
                                      },
                           "auth":self.user_login(),
                           "id":1,
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response
            for template in response['result']:               
                if len(templateName)==0:
                    print "template : \033[31m%s\033[0m\t  id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid'])
                else:
                    self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid']
                    print "Template Name :  \033[31m%s\033[0m "%templateName
                    return response['result'][0]['templateid']
    def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName):

        if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):
            print "hostgroup  \033[42m%s\033[0m is exist !"%hostgroupName
            sys.exit(1)
        data = json.dumps({
                          "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                          "method": "hostgroup.create",
                          "params": {
                          "name": hostgroupName
                          },
                          "auth": self.user_login(),
                          "id": 1
                          })
        request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)

        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "\033[042m 添加主機組:%s\033[0m  hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids'])

    def host_create_andy(self,hostName,visibleName, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName):
        if self.host_get(hostip):
            print "\033[041m該主機已經添加!\033[0m"
            sys.exit(1)

        group_list=[]
        template_list=[]
        for i in hostgroupName.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i)
            group_list.append(var)
        for i in templateName.split(','):
            var={}
            var['templateid']=self.template_get(i)
            template_list.append(var)

        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"host.create",
                           "params":{
                                     "host": hostName,
                                     "name": visibleName,
                                     "interfaces": [
                                     {
                                     "type": 2,    #1：表示IP；2表示SNMP
                                     "main": 1,
                                     "useip": 1,
                                     "ip": hostip,
                                     "dns": "",
                                     "port": "161"  #IP端口10051；SNMP端口161
                                      }
                                     ],
                                   "groups": group_list,
                                   "templates": template_list,
                                     },
                           "auth": self.user_login(),
                           "id":1                  
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "添加主機 : \033[42m%s\031[0m \tid :\033[31m%s\033[0m" % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'])

    def host_create(self, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName):
        if self.host_get(hostip):
            print "\033[041m該主機已經添加!\033[0m"
            sys.exit(1)

        group_list=[]
        template_list=[]
        for i in hostgroupName.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i)
            group_list.append(var)
        for i in templateName.split(','):
            var={}
            var['templateid']=self.template_get(i)
            template_list.append(var)

        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"host.create",
                           "params":{
                                     "host": hostip,
                                     "interfaces": [
                                     {
                                     "type": 2,
                                     "main": 1,
                                     "useip": 1,
                                     "ip": hostip,
                                     "dns": "",
                                     "port": "161"
                                      }
                                     ],
                                   "groups": group_list,
                                   "templates": template_list,
                                     },
                           "auth": self.user_login(),
                           "id":1                  
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "添加主機 : \033[42m%s\031[0m \tid :\033[31m%s\033[0m" % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'])

    def host_disable(self,hostip):
            data=json.dumps({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
            "method": "host.update",
            "params": {
            "hostid": self.host_get(hostip),
            "status": 1
            },
            "auth": self.user_login(),
            "id": 1
            })
            request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
            for key in self.header:
                    request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
            try:
                    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            except URLError as e:
                    print "Error as ", e
            else:
                    response = json.loads(result.read())
                    result.close()
                    print '----主機如今狀態------------'
                    print self.host_get(hostip)

    def host_delete(self,hostid):
        hostid_list=[]
        #print type(hostid)
        for i in hostid.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['hostid'] = self.host_get(i)
            hostid_list.append(var)         
        data=json.dumps({
                            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                            "method": "host.delete",
                            "params": hostid_list,
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except Exception,e:
            print  e
        else:

            result.close()
            print "主機 \033[041m %s\033[0m  已經刪除 !"%hostid

if name == "main":
zabbix=zabbix_api()
parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='zabbix api ',usage='%(prog)s [options]')
parser.add_argument('-H','--host',nargs='?',dest='listhost',default='host',help='查詢主機')
parser.add_argument('-G','--group',nargs='?',dest='listgroup',default='group',help='查詢主機組')
parser.add_argument('-T','--template',nargs='?',dest='listtemp',default='template',help='查詢模板信息')
parser.add_argument('-A','--add-group',nargs=1,dest='addgroup',help='添加主機組')
parser.add_argument('-C','--add-host',dest='addhost',nargs=3,metavar=('192.168.2.1', 'test01,test02', 'Template01,Template02'),help='添加主機,多個主機組或模板使用分號')
parser.add_argument('-d','--disable',dest='disablehost',nargs=1,metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='禁用主機')
parser.add_argument('-L','--allin',dest='allin',nargs='?',default='allin',help='從Excel批量導入主機')
parser.add_argument('-D','--delete',dest='deletehost',nargs='+',metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='刪除主機,多個主機之間用分號')
parser.add_argument('-v','--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 1.0')
if len(sys.argv)==1:
print parser.print_help()
else:
args=parser.parse_args()

if args.listhost != 'host' :
                    if args.listhost:
                            zabbix.host_get(args.listhost)
                    else:
                            zabbix.host_get()
            if args.listgroup !='group':
                    if args.listgroup:
                            zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup)
                    else:
                            zabbix.hostgroup_get()
            if args.listtemp != 'template':
                    if args.listtemp:
                            zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp)
                    else:
                            zabbix.template_get()
            if args.addgroup:
                    zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0])
            if args.addhost:
                    zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2])
            if args.disablehost:
                    zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost)
            if args.deletehost:
                    zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0])
            if args.allin != 'allin':
                    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('zabbix_host_add.xlsx')     #Excel名
                    for row in xrange(workbook.sheets()[0].nrows):
                        hostname = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 0).value
                        visible = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 1).value
                        hostip = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 2).value
                        hostgroup = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 3).value
                        hosttemp = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 4).value

                        zabbix.host_create_andy(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup, hosttemp)

上面紅色標註，請根據實際狀況修改。

上傳Python腳本zabbix_host.py至zabbix服務器

[root@localhost temp]# ll
total 1964
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14644 Dec 17 23:28 zabbix_host.py

[root@localhost temp]# chown zabbix:zabbix zabbix_host.py #修改屬組屬主
[root@localhost temp]# chmod +x zabbix_host.py #添加執行權限

執行腳本：python zabbix_host.py

每一個參數都有詳細的說明

你們不妨執行玩一玩。
咱們用導入的xlsx文件這樣用： python zabbix_host.py -L zabbix_host_add.xlsx
顯示以下結果 證實添加成功：
而後去web上看看吧，這就是zabbix API簡單應用。