完整部署CentOS7.2+OpenStack+kvm 雲平臺環境（4）--用OZ工具製做openstack鏡像

時間 2019-11-10

標籤完整部署 centos7.2+openstack+kvm centos openstack kvm 平臺環境工具製做鏡像欄目 CentOS 简体版

原文原文鏈接

在部署openstack雲平臺環境的時候，須要上傳鏡像到glance。html

首先下載iso鏡像，這裏下載了centos6.5鏡像，放到/usr/local/src目錄下
而後用OZ工具製做openstack的鏡像node

*******************************安裝libvirt虛擬機軟件****************************************
[root@openstack-server src]# yum install qemu-kvm libvirt libvirt-python libguestfs-tools virt-install
[root@openstack-server src]# systemctl enable libvirtd && systemctl start libvirtd
************************************************************************************python

[root@openstack-server src]#yum install -y oz libguestfs-toolslinux

[root@openstack-server src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@openstack-server src]# ll CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso #下載的iso鏡像
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4467982336 Nov 29 2013 CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
[root@openstack-server src]# cat CentOS6u5-x86_64.tdl #建立tdl 文件
<template>
<name>CentOS6u5-x86_64</name>
<description>CentOS6u5-x86_64 template</description>
<os>
<name>CentOS-6</name>
<version>5</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<rootpw>PASSWORD</rootpw> #這個是虛擬機建立好後，root的登錄密碼，密碼是在這個鏡像裏定義的！
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:///usr/local/src/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<commands> #centos7系統裏沒有/boot/grub/grub.conf文件，這塊能夠不用寫，但寫了也無妨。這裏我是centos7，也寫了
<command name='console'>
sed -i 's/ rhgb//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ quiet//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ console=tty0 / serial=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 /g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
</command>
</commands>
</template>git

在用OZ工具製做openstack鏡像，有報錯：
[root@openstack-server src]# oz-install -u -d3 CentOS6u5-x86_64.tdl #報錯以下：
..................
raise oz.OzException.OzException("Could not find a libvirt bridge. Please run 'virsh net-start default' to start the default libvirt network, or see http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-Network-Configuration for more information")
oz.OzException.OzException: Could not find a libvirt bridge. Please run 'virsh net-start default' to start the default libvirt network, or see http://github.com/clalancette/oz/wiki/Oz-Network-Configuration for more informationgithub

[root@openstack-server src]# virsh net-start default
error: failed to get network 'default'
error: Network not found: no network with matching name 'default'ubuntu

查閱資料，說是由於 default 網絡不存在
回想了一下，我開始在搗鼓openstack 的時候，可能用命令刪除了default，也或許沒有啓動default網絡
由於在不一樣的環境下，default.xml 的存放路徑不一樣，這裏筆者以本身的 centos7 爲例centos

[root@openstack-server src]# find / -name "default.xml"
/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/autostart/default.xml
/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml
/usr/share/backgrounds/default.xml
/usr/share/libvirt/networks/default.xml
[root@openstack-server src]# virsh net-define /usr/share/libvirt/networks/default.xml
Network default defined from /usr/share/libvirt/networks/default.xml網絡

[root@openstack-server src]# virsh net-start default
Network default starteddom

[root@openstack-server src]# virsh net-list
Name State Autostart Persistent
----------------------------------------------------------
default active no yes

[root@openstack-server src]#

而後接着再進行openstack鏡像的製做：
[root@openstack-server src]# oz-install -u -d3 CentOS6u5-x86_64.tdl
libvirt bridge name is virbr0
Libvirt type is kvm
Name: CentOS6u5-x86_64, UUID: 0a9b1d18-f517-40ae-9de9-1fd6101878e2
MAC: 52:54:00:fb:0b:c9, distro: CentOS-6
update: 5, arch: x86_64, diskimage: /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk
nicmodel: virtio, clockoffset: utc
mousetype: ps2, disk_bus: virtio, disk_dev: vda
icicletmp: /var/lib/oz/icicletmp/CentOS6u5-x86_64, listen_port: 36050
Original ISO path: /var/lib/oz/isos/CentOS-65x86_64-iso.iso
Modified ISO cache: /var/lib/oz/isos/CentOS-65x86_64-iso-oz.iso
Output ISO path: /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS6u5-x86_64-iso-oz.iso
ISO content path: /var/lib/oz/isocontent/CentOS6u5-x86_64-iso
Checking for guest conflicts with CentOS6u5-x86_64
Generating install media
Attempting to get the lock for /var/lib/oz/isos/CentOS-65x86_64-iso.iso
Got the lock for /var/lib/oz/isos/CentOS-65x86_64-iso.iso
Fetching the original media
Fetching the original install media from file:///usr/local/src/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
15kB of 4363264kB
10255kB of 4363264kB
20494kB of 4363264kB
30734kB of 4363264kB
40973kB of 4363264kB
51212kB of 4363264kB
....................
....................
....................
Cleaning up guestfs handle for CentOS6u5-x86_64
Syncing
Unmounting all
Libvirt XML was written to CentOS6u5-x86_64Aug_30_2016-13:47:18

注意：
鏡像製做完默認會存放到/var/lib/libvirt/images/ 目錄下，能夠在/etc/oz/oz.cfg 配置文件中進行修改路徑。

[root@openstack-server src]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
[root@openstack-server images]# pwd
/var/lib/libvirt/images
[root@openstack-server images]# ll
total 1087336
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 root root 10737418240 Aug 30 13:47 CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk
[root@openstack-server images]# virt-sysprep --add CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk
[ 0.0] Examining the guest ...
[ 5.0] Performing "abrt-data" ...
...........
[ 5.0] Setting a random seed
[ 5.0] Performing "lvm-uuids" ...

查看文件信息
[root@openstack-server images]# qemu-img info CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk
image: CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk
file format: raw
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 1.0G

上傳鏡像到 Glance
[root@openstack-server images]# glance image-create --name "CentOS-6.5" --file /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS6u5-x86_64.dsk --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --visibility public --progress
[=============================>] 100%

查看鏡像
[root@openstack-server images]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+------------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+------------+
| 508db9d4-6c9f-459d-8782-065ee8b6f2c2 | CentOS-6.5 |
+--------------------------------------+------------+

登錄openstack界面，發現能夠查看到上面已經上傳到glance裏面的鏡像。上面使用OZ工具製做的openstack所須要的Centos6/Centos7鏡像的默認大小是10G（以下圖）。

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
注意：

若是不想用OZ工具製做，能夠直接下載centos的qcow2格式鏡像

下載地址：http://cloud.centos.org/centos 【有centos6/7的鏡像】

好比：下載centos7的qcow2格式鏡像
#wget http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2

上傳到 galnce
#glance image-create --name "CentOS-7-x86_64" --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --file
CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2 --visibility public --progress

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

固然，也能夠使用OZ工具製做openstack須要的qcow2的Centos7鏡像
[root@openstack-server src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@openstack-server src]# ls CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
[root@openstack-server src]# ls CentOS-7-x86_64.tdl
CentOS-7-x86_64.tdl
[root@openstack-server src]# cat CentOS-7-x86_64.tdl
<template>
<name>CentOS-7-x86_64</name>
<description>CentOS-7-x86_64 template</description>
<os>
<name>CentOS-7</name>
<version>2</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<rootpw>PASSWORD</rootpw>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:///usr/local/src/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<commands>
<command name='console'>
sed -i 's/ rhgb//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ quiet//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ console=tty0 / serial=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 /g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
</command>
</commands>
</template>

[root@openstack-server src]# oz-install -u -d3 CentOS-7-x86_64.tdl

後面的步驟跟上面製做Centos6.5版本的操做同樣

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

下面是centos6.8版本鏡像製做的tdl文件模板：
[root@openstack-server src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@openstack-server src]# ls CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso
CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

[root@openstack-server src]# cat CentOS6u8-x86_64.tdl
<template>
<name>CentOS6u8-x86_64</name>
<description>CentOS6u8-x86_64 template</description>
<os>
<name>CentOS-6</name>
<version>8</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<rootpw>PASSWORD</rootpw>
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:///usr/local/src/CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<commands>
<command name='console'>
sed -i 's/ rhgb//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ quiet//g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
sed -i 's/ console=tty0 / serial=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 /g' /boot/grub/grub.conf
</command>
</commands>
</template>

[root@openstack-server src]# oz-install -u -d3 CentOS6u8-x86_64.tdl

後面的步驟跟上面製做Centos6.5版本的操做同樣

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

下面說下使用OZ工具製做openstack虛擬化環境下的ubuntu版本鏡像的過程記錄：

下面以ubuntu12.04版本爲例，tdl內容參考OZ在github上的模板樣式。
https://github.com/rcbops/oz-image-build/tree/master/templates

[root@openstack-server src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@openstack-server src]# ls ubuntu-12.04-server-amd64.iso
ubuntu-12.04-server-amd64.iso

下面ubuntu的tdl模板可直接使用~
[root@openstack-server src]# cat ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.tdl
<template>
<name>ubuntu-12.04_x86_64</name>
<description>Ubuntu 12.04 15GB template</description>
<disk>
<size>15</size> #鏡像大小爲15G
</disk>
<os>
<name>Ubuntu</name>
<version>12.04</version>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<rootpw>ROOT-PW_CHANGE-ME!!!</rootpw> #root帳號登陸密碼
<install type='iso'>
<iso>file:///usr/local/src/ubuntu-12.04-server-amd64.iso</iso>
</install>
</os>
<commands>
<command name='console'>
sed -i 's/splash//g' /etc/default/grub
sed -i 's/quiet/console=ttyS0/g' /etc/default/grub
/usr/sbin/update-grub
</command>
<command name='update'>
apt-get update
apt-get -y upgrade
echo "cloud-init cloud-init/datasources string NoCloud, OVF, Ec2" > /tmp/debconf-selections
/usr/bin/debconf-set-selections /tmp/debconf-selections
rm -f /tmp/debconf-selections
apt-get -y install cloud-init
apt-get clean
/usr/sbin/useradd -m stack
echo "stack ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
sed -i 's/^user: ubuntu/user: stack/g' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
echo -n > /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
echo -n > /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules
</command>
</commands>
</template>

[root@openstack-server src]# oz-install -u -d3 ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.tdl
............
............

Waiting for ubuntu-12.04_x86_64 to finish installing, 1200/1200
Waiting for ubuntu-12.04_x86_64 to finish installing, 1190/1200
Waiting for ubuntu-12.04_x86_64 to finish installing, 1180/1200
Waiting for ubuntu-12.04_x86_64 to finish installing, 1170/1200

............
............
Unmounting all
Libvirt XML was written to ubuntu-12.04_x86_64Oct_31_2016-23:01:36

[root@openstack-server src]# cd /var/lib/oz/isos/
[root@openstack-server isos]# pwd
/var/lib/oz/isos
[root@openstack-server isos]# ls #發現oz下已經有了ubuntu12.04鏡像
Ubuntu12.04x86_64-iso.iso

[root@openstack-server src]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
[root@openstack-server images]# ls
ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.dsk
[root@openstack-server images]# virt-sysprep --add ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.dsk
[ 0.0] Examining the guest ...
...........
[ 5.0] Performing "lvm-uuids" .

[root@openstack-server images]# qemu-img info ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.dsk
image: ubuntu-12.04_x86_64.dsk
file format: raw
virtual size: 15G (16106127360 bytes)
disk size: 1.3G

[root@linux-node2 images]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+
| 042073da-e6cb-4b0b-97dd-1d5ef5be236a | ubuntu-12.04 |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+

登陸openstack界面，發現上面上傳到openstack的ubuntu12.04鏡像已經有了，鏡像大小爲15G。

ubuntu各歷史版本鏡像下載地址：http://releases.ubuntu.com/

ubuntu版本升級記錄，詳情參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/6084118.html