MacOS安裝react。問題 -- npm全局包的權限問題

網上的教程有好多，在這裏不一一列舉，我只介紹我今天安裝成功的步驟

首先，在安裝react以前要先配置好node

1.安裝node

  在這裏下載node的安裝包https://nodejs.org/en/download/ 。我下載的是.pkg文件，直接雙擊安裝就好

  node —v命令檢驗是否安裝成功

  npm -v用來檢測npm

2.經過npm使用react

  國內使用 npm 速度很慢，你能夠使用淘寶定製的 cnpm (gzip 壓縮支持) 命令行工具代替默認的 npm:

$ npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org
$ npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

通常這個時候就能夠使用cnpm來進行操做，可是個人一直顯示命令未找到。因此我放棄了使用cnpm，繼續使用npm命令

給npm配置taobao鏡像的registry

npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

而後直接用

npm install gulp less --save-dev

就是從taobao鏡像拿包了

3.兩種react開發環境構建

使用 create-react-app 快速構建 React 開發環境

create-react-app 是來自於 Facebook，經過該命令咱們無需配置就能快速構建 React 開發環境。

create-react-app 自動建立的項目是基於 Webpack + ES6 。

執行如下命令建立項目：

$ cnpm install -g create-react-app
$ create-react-app my-app
$ cd my-app/
$ npm start

 

MacOS，安裝npm全局包提示沒有寫入權限：

npm WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules

 

 

---

 

解決方法：

修改npm包所安裝目錄的權限：sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local   而後輸入密碼就能夠了

 

 

查看目錄是否已切換權限：$ls -l /usr/local

接下來能夠進行npm全局包安裝：例如$npm install webpack -g

-----------------------------

安裝問題 

 123deAir:~ mxt$ npm install create-react-app -g

WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules

ERR! path /usr/local/lib/node_modules

ERR! code EACCES

ERR! errno -13

ERR! syscall access

ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules'

ERR!  { [Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules']

ERR!   stack:

ERR!    'Error: EACCES: permission denied, access \'/usr/local/lib/node_modules\'',

ERR!   errno: -13,

ERR!   code: 'EACCES',

ERR!   syscall: 'access',

ERR!   path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules' }

npm 

ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.

ERR! It is likely you do not have the permissions to access this file as the current user

npm 

ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the

ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running

ERR! the command again as root/Administrator (though this is not recommended).

 

ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:

ERR!     /Users/mxt/.npm/_logs/2018-12-19T09_09_15_552Z-debug.log

123deAir:~ mxt$ npm install -g create-react-app 

WARN checkPermissions Missing write access to /usr/local/lib/node_modules

ERR! path /usr/local/lib/node_modules

ERR! code EACCES

ERR! errno -13

ERR! syscall access

ERR! Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules'

ERR!  { [Error: EACCES: permission denied, access '/usr/local/lib/node_modules']

ERR!   stack:

ERR!    'Error: EACCES: permission denied, access \'/usr/local/lib/node_modules\'',

ERR!   errno: -13,

ERR!   code: 'EACCES',

ERR!   syscall: 'access',

ERR!   path: '/usr/local/lib/node_modules' }

npm 

ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.

ERR! It is likely you do not have the permissions to access this file as the current user

npm 

ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the

ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running

ERR! the command again as root/Administrator (though this is not recommended).

 

ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:

ERR!     /Users/mxt/.npm/_logs/2018-12-19T09_11_38_006Z-debug.log

123deAir:~ mxt$ sudo npm install webpack -g 

Password:

/usr/local/bin/webpack -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/webpack/bin/webpack.js

 

> fsevents@1.2.4 install /usr/local/lib/node_modules/webpack/node_modules/fsevents

> node install

 

[fsevents] Success: "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/webpack/node_modules/fsevents/lib/binding/Release/node-v64-darwin-x64/fse.node" already installed

Pass --update-binary to reinstall or --build-from-source to recompile

+ webpack@4.27.1

added 389 packages from 297 contributors in 30.263s

123deAir:~ mxt$ sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local  

123deAir:~ mxt$ ls -l /usr/local

total 0

drwxr-xr-x   6 mxt  wheel   204 12 19 01:19 bin

drwxr-xr-x   3 mxt  wheel   102 12 10 13:29 include

drwxr-xr-x  73 mxt  wheel  2482 12 19 00:28 lib

drwxr-xr-x   5 mxt  wheel   170 12 10 13:29 share

123deAir:~ mxt$ sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local  

123deAir:~ mxt$ ls -l /usr/local

total 0

drwxr-xr-x   6 mxt  wheel   204 12 19 01:19 bin

drwxr-xr-x   3 mxt  wheel   102 12 10 13:29 include

drwxr-xr-x  73 mxt  wheel  2482 12 19 00:28 lib

drwxr-xr-x   5 mxt  wheel   170 12 10 13:29 share

123deAir:~ mxt$ webpack -g

One CLI for webpack must be installed. These are recommended choices, delivered as separate packages:

 - webpack-cli (https://github.com/webpack/webpack-cli)

   The original webpack full-featured CLI.

We will use "npm" to install the CLI via "npm install -D".

Do you want to install 'webpack-cli' (yes/no): npm install webpack -g

You need to install 'webpack-cli' to use webpack via CLI.

You can also install the CLI manually.

123deAir:~ mxt$ npm install -g create-react-app 

/usr/local/bin/create-react-app -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/create-react-app/index.js

+ create-react-app@2.1.1

added 63 packages from 20 contributors in 8.958s

123deAir:~ mxt$ create-react-app my-app

 

Creating a new React app in /Users/mxt/my-app.

 

Installing packages. This might take a couple of minutes.

Installing react, react-dom, and react-scripts...

 

 

> fsevents@1.2.4 install /Users/mxt/my-app/node_modules/fsevents

> node install

 

[fsevents] Success: "/Users/mxt/my-app/node_modules/fsevents/lib/binding/Release/node-v64-darwin-x64/fse.node" already installed

Pass --update-binary to reinstall or --build-from-source to recompile

+ react-scripts@2.1.1

+ react-dom@16.6.3

+ react@16.6.3

added 1776 packages from 684 contributors in 120.945s

 

Success! Created my-app at /Users/mxt/my-app

Inside that directory, you can run several commands:

 

  npm start

    Starts the development server.

 

  npm run build

    Bundles the app into static files for production.

 

  npm test

    Starts the test runner.

 

  npm run eject

    Removes this tool and copies build dependencies, configuration files

    and scripts into the app directory. If you do this, you can’t go back!

 

We suggest that you begin by typing:

 

  cd my-app

  npm start

 

Happy hacking!

123deAir:~ mxt$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 /////////安裝命令

 

npm install create-react-app -g  // 全局安裝create-react-app，若是不想全局安裝，則不要-g。可能會很慢，能夠使用cnpm來安裝

create-react-app my-app  // my-app是項目名

cd my-app  

npm start  // 啓動項目