語法一:if判斷ide
sex = 'female' age = 32 is_beautiful = True if sex == 'female' and age == 18 and is_beautiful: print('Begin your love words:') print('another code1') print('another code2')
if判斷使用注意事項:if條件緊跟着一個冒號:+回車,pycharm會自動進入到下一行並縮進4個空格,開始進入運行一組代碼塊。在這裏注意中英文輸入法對代碼「括號、冒號、逗號」這些字符的影響,謹記必定要用英文輸入法輸入,否則容易出現報錯。spa
語法二:if+else判斷code
sex = 'female' age = 18 is_beautiful = True if sex == 'female' and 16 < age <24 and is_beautiful: print('Begin your love words.') else: print('Say nothing...')
語法三:if+else 的嵌套blog
sex = 'female' age = 18 is_beautiful = True is_success = True if sex == 'female' and 16 < age <24 and is_beautiful: print('Begin your love words.') if is_success: print('HaHaHa') else: print('I hate love,go away!') else: print('Say nothing...')
tip:①and 多個條件並過長時,可用‘\+回車’來多行顯示,這裏不影響語法。ip
②快捷操做,TAB鍵 能夠進行快捷縮進,好比選中多行一塊兒快捷縮進,要回退的話,按shift+tab組合鍵。pycharm
語法四:if+elif+elseinput
# 輸入成績判斷優秀、很好、通常、不好 score = input('Please input your score:') score = int(score) if score >= 90: print('優秀') elif score >= 80: print('很好') elif score >= 70: print('通常') else: print('不好')
小練習:io
name = input('請輸入您的用戶名:') pwd = input('請輸入您的密碼:') if name == 'sgt' and pwd == '123': print('登錄成功') else: print('用戶名或密碼錯誤')
sgt = 'spueradministrator' sgf = 'systemadministrator' shr = 'administrator' sqs = 'guest' name = input('please input your username:') if name == 'sgt': print('你好,超級管理員!') elif name =='sgf': print('你好,系統管理員!') elif name == 'shr': print('你好,管理員!') elif name == 'sqs': print('你好,賓客!')
while True: today = input('今天是星期幾?') if today == 'monday' or today == 'tuesday' or today == 'wednesday'\ or today == 'thursday' or today == 'friday': print('上班') break elif today == 'saturday' or today == 'sunday': print('出去浪') break else: print(''' 必須輸入如下任意一種: monday tuesday wednesday thursday friday saturday sunday ''')
方式一:while+True/Falsefor循環
tag = True while tag: name = input('please input your name:') pwd = input('please input your password:') if name == 'sgt' and pwd == '123': print('congratulation,region success!') tag = False else: print('your name or password is wrong,please try again!')
方法二:while+breakevent
while True: name = input('please input your name:') pwd = input('please input your password:') if name == 'sgt' and pwd == '123': print('congratulation,region success!') break else: print('your name or password is wrong,please try again!')
break是終止本層while循環。
方法三:while+continue
nums = 1 while nums <= 6: if nums == 4 or nums == 5: nums += 1 continue else: print(nums) nums += 1
終止當前循環,直接進入下次循環。
方法四:while+else
nums = 1 while nums <= 6: if nums == 4 or nums == 5: nums += 1 continue else: print(nums) nums += 1 else: print('前面代碼無break,else 條件成立,不然else不執行。')
方法五:while的嵌套
示例一:
while True: name = input('please input your username:') pwd = input('please input your password:') if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123': print('login successful') while True: print(''' 0_退出 1_取款 2_轉帳 3_查詢 ''') choice = input('請輸入您要執行的操做:') if choice == '0': break elif choice == '1': print('取款...') elif choice == '2': print('轉帳...') elif choice == '3': print('查詢...') else: print('輸入指令有誤,請從新輸入:') break else: print('username or password error!')
改進示例二:
tag = True while tag: name = input('please input your username:') pwd = input('please input your password:') if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123': print('login successful') while tag: print(''' 0_退出 1_取款 2_轉帳 3_查詢 ''') choice = input('請輸入您要執行的代碼:') if choice == '0': tag = False elif choice == '1': print('取款...') elif choice == '2': print('轉帳...') elif choice == '3': print('查詢...') else: print('指令錯誤,請從新輸入') else: print('username or password error')
方案1、
for循環取值列表:
取值若是用while循環: l = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] i = 0 while i < len(l): #這裏的len(l)表示計算列表l的長度(也就是索 #引數) print(l[i]) i += 1 若是咱們使用for循環取值: l = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] for x in l: #這裏的x in l 是直接將l列表裏的數據取出關聯 print(x) #到x,不用額外賦值。
for循環取值字典:
info = {'sgt': 'me', 'sgf': 'brother', 'age': 18, 'sun': 'shr'} for x in info: print(x, info[x])
方案2、for+break
取出列表前幾個數,後面的不取
nums = [11, 22, 33, 44, 55] for x in nums: if x == 44: break print(x)
方案3、for+continue
不取其中的多個數據
nums = [11, 22, 33, 44, 55] for x in nums: if x == 22 or x == 44: continue print(x)
方案4、for+else
names = ['egon', 'alexdsb', 'sb', 'dsb'] for name in names: if name == 'alexdsb': break print(name) else: print('>>>>>>>>>>>') #有break ,else下面的print不執行。 names = ['egon', 'alexdsb', 'sb', 'dsb'] for name in names: if name == 'alexdsb': continue print(name) else: print('>>>>>>>>>>>') #若是無break,else下面的print執行。
方案5、for+range()
range的用法:
>>> range(5) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] >>> range(1,5) [1, 2, 3, 4] >>> range(1,5,2) [1, 3] >>> range(1,1) [] >>> 正規格式爲range(1,5,2) 表示:從1開始計數,每計數一次遞增2,因此結果是[1,3] 若是括號裏只有一個數,表明(0,5,1),即從0開始計數,遞增數爲1.
示例:
for x in range(5): print(x) #結果: #0 #1 #2 #3 #4
方案6、for循環嵌套
for x in range(3): for y in range(3): print(x, y) ''' 結果 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 2 1 2 2 '''