maxscale讀寫分離

今天，寫寫mysql兄弟公司maridb開發的一個讀寫分離，既然是兄弟，那也適用於mysql。

一、安裝依賴包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake

 

二、下載軟件

cd /usr/local
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz

三、添加mysql用戶和用戶組

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

四、解壓安裝mysql

 

# 建立數據目錄
mkdir -p /data/mysql

# 解壓boost 
tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

# 解壓mysql，編譯安裝
tar xzf mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.7.14
 cmake . \
 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0 \
 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
 -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1


make
make install

# 複製到啓動項
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on
 
# 複製配置文件
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# 安裝
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

五、添加環境變量

cd ~

vi .profile_bash

PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

export PATH

六、mysql主從複製（利用gtid特性）

# 關閉selinux和防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld.service
vi /etc/selinux/config

# 配置每一個節點配置文件my.cnf
# 添加以下
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=3
gtid_mode=ON
log_slave_updates
enforce_gtid_consistency
（注：除了server-id每一個節點不同，其它都同樣，也必須加，以通常主從複製區別，多了下面的3個參數）

# 主節點添加複製帳號
grant replication slave  on *.* to 'backup'@'%'identified by'backup';

# 從節點執行
change master  to  master_host='192.168.10.140', master_user='backup', master_password='backup',master_port=3306,master_auto_position=1;
start slave;

 

七、maxscale安裝

安裝依賴

yum install libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.x86_64 novacom-server.x86_64 libedit -y

MaxScale 的下載地址：

https://downloads.mariadb.com/files/MaxScale

rpm -ivh maxscale-beta-2.0.0-1.centos.7.x86_64.rpm

 

在開始配置以前，須要在 master和backup 中爲 MaxScale 建立兩個用戶，用於監控模塊和路由模塊。

建立監控用戶

mysql> create user scalemon@'%' identified by "123456";

mysql> grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to scalemon@'%';

建立路由用戶 

mysql> create user scaleroute@'%' identified by "123456";

mysql> grant select on mysql.* to scaleroute@'%';

用戶建立完成後，開始配置

vi /etc/maxscale.cnf

[root@maxscale1 ~]# cat /etc/maxscale.cnf
# MaxScale documentation on GitHub:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Documentation-Contents.md
 
# Global parameters
#
# Complete list of configuration options:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Getting-Started/Configuration-Guide.md
 
[maxscale]
threads=1
log_info=1
logdir=/tmp/
 
# Server definitions
#
# Set the address of the server to the network
# address of a MySQL server.
#
 
[server1]
type=server
address=192.168.10.140
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
 
[server2]
type=server
address=192.168.10.141
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
 
[server3]
type=server
address=192.168.10.142
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
 
# Monitor for the servers
#
# This will keep MaxScale aware of the state of the servers.
# MySQL Monitor documentation:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Monitors/MySQL-Monitor.md
 
[MySQL Monitor]
type=monitor
module=mysqlmon
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=scalemon
passwd=123456
monitor_interval=10000
 
# Service definitions
#
# Service Definition for a read-only service and
# a read/write splitting service.
#
 
# ReadConnRoute documentation:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Routers/ReadConnRoute.md
 
# [Read-Only Service]
# type=service
# router=readconnroute
# servers=server1
# user=myuser
# passwd=mypwd
# router_options=slave
 
# ReadWriteSplit documentation:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Routers/ReadWriteSplit.md
 
[Read-Write Service]
type=service
router=readwritesplit
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=scaleroute
passwd=123456
max_slave_connections=100%
 
# This service enables the use of the MaxAdmin interface
# MaxScale administration guide:
# https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Reference/MaxAdmin.md
 
[MaxAdmin Service]
type=service
router=cli
 
# Listener definitions for the services
#
# These listeners represent the ports the
# services will listen on.
#
 
# [Read-Only Listener]
# type=listener
# service=Read-Only Service
# protocol=MySQLClient
# port=4008
 
[Read-Write Listener]
type=listener
service=Read-Write Service
protocol=MySQLClient
port=4006
 
[MaxAdmin Listener]
type=listener
service=MaxAdmin Service
protocol=maxscaled
socket=default

啓動

maxscale --config=/etc/maxscale.cnf

查看

注意：這裏用的是最新的2.0版本，登陸已經不像老版本maxadmin --user=admin --password=mariadb這樣了，而是像下面同樣：

[root@maxscale1 ~]# maxadmin -S /tmp/maxadmin.sock 
MaxScale> list services
Services.
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
Service Name              | Router Module        | #Users | Total Sessions
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
Read-Write Service        | readwritesplit       |      1 |     1
MaxAdmin Service          | cli                  |      2 |     4
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
命令也有變化，請自行FQ到Google查看
MaxScale> list servers
Servers.
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
Server             | Address         | Port  | Connections | Status              
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
server1            | 192.168.10.140  |  3306 |           0 | Master, Running
server2            | 192.168.10.141  |  3306 |           0 | Slave, Running
server3            | 192.168.10.142  |  3306 |           0 | Slave, Running
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------

測試

在其它遠程客戶端鏈接maxscale所在服務器的數據庫

mysql -h 192.168.10.140 -P4006 -uscalemon -p
mysql> select @@hostname;
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| maxscale1  |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
關了一個slave後
MaxScale> list servers
Servers.
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
Server             | Address         | Port  | Connections | Status              
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
server1            | 192.168.10.140  |  3306 |           1 | Master, Running
server2            | 192.168.10.141  |  3306 |           1 | Slave, Running
server3            | 192.168.10.142  |  3306 |           0 | Down
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------

參考，我是開啓FQ的

https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-enterprise/mariadb-maxscale/maxadmin/