ssh配置詳解

時間 2019-11-21

標籤 ssh 配置詳解简体版

原文原文鏈接

SSH框架，當今最爲流行的項目開發框架組合，那麼掌握他的第一步是學習如何配置環境，java Web開發的不管哪一種框架都離不開各類xml配置，雖說配置在網上處處都有，可是要成爲合格的程序猿，必需要明白配置中每一部分的意義，分析它的規律，所以這一步相當重要。
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SSH分爲SSH1和SSH2，區別主要在於Struts的版本，即Struts1和Struts2，Struts1與Struts2在配置上有所差異，java

這回主要爲你們介紹的是基於Struts2的SSH2框架搭建。node

咱們在搭建框架以前，首先必定要注意各個框架的版本，不一樣的版本集成方式和所需的jar包是有區別的。web

SSH2框架的版本爲：struts-2.2.3 + spring-2.5.6 + hibernate-3.6.8spring

1. 所需jar包:猛擊下載免費jar包資源sql

struts2：數據庫

struts2-core-2.2.3.jarexpress

struts2-spring-plugin-2.2.3.jarapache

xwork-core-2.2.3.jarapi

commons-io-2.0.1.jar

commons-lang-2.5.jar

commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar

freemarker-2.3.16.jar

ognl-3.0.1.jar

javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar（hibernate一樣須要）

spring：

spring.jar

commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

common-annotations.jar

aspectjrt.jar

aspectjweaver.jar

cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar

（若是用BasicDataSource來配置數據庫鏈接，還要加入如下2個包）

commons-dbcp.jar

commons-pool.jar

hibernate：

hibernate3.jar

hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar

antlr-2.7.6.jar

commons-collections-3.1.jar

dom4j-1.6.1.jar

javassist-3.12.0.GA.jar

jta-1.1.jar

slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

slf4j-nop-1.6.4.jar（這個jar包要去slf4j官網下載slf4j-1.6.4集成包）

jdbc：

ojdbc14.jar（oracle）

2. web.xml配置

[xml] view plain copy

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>testSSH</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--
<filter>
<filter-name>myFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>myFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,/config/struts.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error404.html</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>

注意：

① 配置自定義filter即DelegatingFilterProxy時，參數targetFilterLifecycle設爲true是將filter放入web容器中成爲真正意義上的filter。不然只是個代理filter，不具備filter的生命週期，所以沒法執行filter的init、destroy方法。由於統一交由spring管理，因此在spring資源配置文件（如applicationContext.xml）中必須相應的而且名稱爲myFilter的bean。

② OpenSessionInViewFilter要將參數singleSession設置爲true，不然意義不大。

③ 配置struts2建議採用StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter。struts.xml默認放在src根目錄下，若想放置到其餘地方還要將struts-default.xml和struts-plugin.xml一同配置下，不然在於其餘框架結合時（如spring）就會報錯。配置struts2的filter標籤要放到全部filter標籤的最下面，不然會有問題。

3. struts.xml配置

[xml] view plain copy

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"></constant>
<package name="struts" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<interceptors>
<interceptor name="myInterceptor" class="myInterceptor"></interceptor>
<interceptor-stack name="myDefult">
<interceptor-ref name="myInterceptor"></interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
</interceptor-stack>
</interceptors>
<action name="myLogin" class="loginAction">
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="error" type="redirect">/index.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="testSession" class="sessionAction">
<interceptor-ref name="myDefult"></interceptor-ref>
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="error" type="redirect">/login.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>

注意：

① 執行完自定義攔截器後，還要執行struts2默認的攔截器defaultStack，不然可能會出錯。

② action標籤的class屬性，與spring結合後要寫成spring中bean的名稱name。

4. applicationContext.xml

[xml] view plain copy

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 第二種方法配置sessionFactory
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost :1521:wang"/>
<property name="username" value="wang"/>
<property name="password" value="wang"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:test/entity/User.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<tx:advice id="txadvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception"/>
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" no-rollback-for="MyException"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="daoMethods" expression="execution(* test.dao.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txadvice" pointcut-ref="daoMethods"/>
</aop:config>
<!-- 第二種方法配置事務
<bean id="transactionProxy" class= "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">
必須爲true時CGLIB纔不用強制編寫DAO接口
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true" />
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, -Exception</prop>
<prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, +MyException</prop>
<prop key="update">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED, readOnly</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" parent="transactionProxy">
<property name="target" ref="iUserService"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="iUserService" class="test.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
-->
<bean id="userService" class="test.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="test.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="myFilter" class="test.service.MyFilter"></bean>
<bean id="loginAction" class="test.action.LoginAction" scope="prototype"></bean>
<bean id="sessionAction" class="test.action.SessionAction" scope="prototype"></bean>
<bean id="myInterceptor" class="test.service.MyInterceptor" scope="prototype"></bean>
</beans>

注意：

① 配置事務時，若是事務是與含有sessionFactory的DAO層關聯的話，要將<aop:config>標籤的proxy-target-class屬性設爲true（第二種方法是proxyTargetClass屬性），不然就會報錯

② 採用Resource或Autowired註解時，bean中無需配置property屬性標籤。

③ 採用第二種方法配置sessionFactory時，還須要另外引入兩個包（詳見上述「所需jar」部分）。

5. filter與攔截器

● MyFilter.java

[java] view plain copy

package test.service;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
private String encoding;
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("========" + config.getInitParameter("encoding") + "========");
encoding = config.getInitParameter("encoding");
}
}

● MyInterceptor.java

[java] view plain copy

package test.service;
import java.util.Map;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class MyInterceptor implements Interceptor{
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void init() {
}
@Override
public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
Map sessionMap = invocation.getInvocationContext().getSession();
String username = (String)sessionMap.get("username");
if (username != null) {
return invocation.invoke();
}
return "error";
}
}

filter與攔截器（interceptor）的區別：

兩者不論從結構仍是功能都很是類似，可是兩者是有區別的,：

① filter是基於servlet容器的，而interceptor僅限於struts2，所以filter的做用域要遠大於interceptor。

② filter中doFilter方法是基於回調函數，而interceptor中intercept方法則是基於java反射。

③ filter的功能要遠大於interceptor，filter除了過濾請求外經過通配符能夠保護頁面，圖片，文件，還能夠進行加密、安全過濾、權限管理等等，而Interceptor基本只能過濾請求。

④ filter攔截請求的粒度較粗，interceptor攔截請求的粒度較細。

6. action層

● LoginAction.java

[java] view plain copy

package test.action;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import test.entity.User;
import test.service.IUserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {
@Resource
private IUserService userService;
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
try {
userService.addUser(user);
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.getSession().setAttribute("username", username);
return "success";
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "error";
}
}

7. service層

● UserServiceImpl.java

[java] view plain copy

package test.service;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import test.dao.IUserDao;
import test.entity.User;
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService{
@Resource
private IUserDao userDao;
@Override
public void addUser(User user) throws Exception {
userDao.addUser(user);
if (!"admin".equals(user.getUsername()) || !"admin".equals(user.getPassword())) {
throw new Exception();
}
}
@Override
public boolean updateUser(User user) {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean delUser(String username) {
return false;
}
@Override
public List<User> findAllUser() {
return null;
}
}