部署Hadoop2.0高性能集羣

廢話很少說直接實戰，部署Hadoop高性能集羣：

拓撲圖：

1、實驗前期環境準備：

一、三臺主機配置hosts文件：（複製到另外兩臺主機上）

[root@tiandong63 ~]# more /etc/hosts  
192.168.199.3 tiandong63
192.168.199.4 tiandong64
192.168.199.5 tiandong65

二、建立Hadoop帳號（另外兩臺主機上都的建立）

[root@tiandong63 ~]#useradd -u 8000 hadoop

[root@tiandong63 ~]#echo '123456' | passwd --stdin hadoop

三、給hadoop用戶增長sudo權限，增長內容（另外兩臺主機上都得配置）

[root@tiandong63 ~]# vim /etc/sudoers
hadoop  ALL=(ALL)       ALL
四、主機互信（在tiandong63主機上）
能夠ssh無密碼登陸機器tiandong63，tiandong64，tiandong65 ，方便後期複製文件和啓動服務。由於namenode啓動時，會鏈接到datanode上啓動對應的服務。

[root@tiandong63 ~]# su - hadoop
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ ssh-keygen
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ ssh-copy-id root@192.168.199.4
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ ssh-copy-id root@192.168.199.5

2、配置hadoop環境

一、配置jdk環境：（三臺都的配置）

[root@tiandong63 ~]# ll jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 191753373 Dec 30 00:58 jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz

[root@tiandong63 ~]# tar zxvf jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

[root@tiandong63 ~]# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191
export JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
export hadoop_root_logger=DEBUG,console
[root@tiandong63 ~]# source /etc/profile
二、關閉防火牆（三臺都的關閉）
[root@tiandong63 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
三、在tiandong63安裝Hadoop 並配置成namenode主節點
[root@tiandong63 ~]# cd /home/hadoop/
[root@tiandong63 hadoop]# ll hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 218720521 Dec 29 21:11 hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz
[root@tiandong63 ~]# su - hadoop
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz
建立hadoop相關的工做目錄：
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ mkdir -p /home/hadoop/dfs/name/ /home/hadoop/dfs/data/^Chome/hadoop/tmp/
四、配置hadoop（修改7個配置文件）

文件名稱：hadoop-env.sh、yarn-evn.sh、slaves、core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、mapred-site.xml、yarn-site.xml

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ cd /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop/
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim hadoop-env.sh     指定hadoop的Java運行環境
 25 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim yarn-env.sh    指定yarn框架的java運行環境
 26   JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim slaves        指定datanode 數據存儲服務器
tiandong64
tiandong65

[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim core-site.xml    指定訪問hadoop web界面訪問路徑
19 <configuration>
 20  <property>
 21       <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
 22       <value>hdfs://tiandong63:9000</value>
 23  </property>
 24
 25  <property>
 26       <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
 27       <value>131072</value>
 28  </property>
 29
 30  <property>
 31       <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
 32       <value>file:/home/hadoop/tmp</value>
 33       <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
 34  </property>
 35 </configuration>
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ mkdir -p /home/hadoop/tmp

[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim hdfs-site.xml

hdfs的配置文件，dfs.http.address配置了hdfs的http的訪問位置，dfs.replication配置了文件塊的副本數，通常不大於從機的個數。
19 <configuration>
 20  <property>
 21       <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
 22       <value>tiandong63:9001</value>
 23  </property>
 24
 25  <property>
 26         <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
 27         <value>file:/home/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
 28  </property>
 29  <property>
 30         <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
 31         <value>file:/home/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
 32  </property>
 33
 34  <property>
 35      <name>dfs.replication</name>
 36      <value>2</value>
 37  </property>
 38
 39  <property>
 40      <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
 41      <value>true</value>
 42  </property>
 43 </configuration>
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim mapred-site.xml
 19 <configuration>
 20  <property>
 21     <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
 22     <value>yarn</value>
 23  </property>
 24
 25  <property>
 26       <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
 27       <value>tiandong63:10020</value>
 28  </property>
 29
 30  <property>
 31       <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
 32       <value>tiandong:19888</value>
 33  </property>
 34 </configuration>
[hadoop@tiandong63 hadoop]$ vim yarn-site.xml    該文件爲yarn框架的配置,主要是一些任務的啓動位置
 15 <configuration>
 16
 17 <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
 18 <property>
 19      <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
 20           <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
 21            </property>
 22
 23  <property>
 24       <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
 25            <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
 26             </property>
 27
 28  <property>
 29      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
 30          <value>tiandong63:8032</value>
 31           </property>
 32
 33  <property>
 34       <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
 35                <value>tiandong63:8030</value>
 36                 </property>
 37
 38  <property>
 39       <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
 40            <value>tiandong63:8031</value>
 41             </property>
 42
 43  <property>
 44      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
 45          <value>tiandong63:8033</value>
 46           </property>
 47
 48  <property>
 49      <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
 50          <value>tiandong63:8088</value>
 51           </property>
 52 </configuration>

複製到其餘datanode節點（192.168.199.4/5）
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ scp -r /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 hadoop@tiandong64
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ scp -r /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 hadoop@tiandong65

3、啓動hadoop:
在tiandong63上面啓動（使用hadoop用戶）
一、格式化：
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ cd /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/
[hadoop@tiandong63 bin]$ ./hdfs nodename -format
二、啓動hdfs：
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/sbin/start-dfs.sh
查看進程（tiandong63上面查看namenode）：
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ ps -axu | grep namenode --color
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ
hadoop    42851  0.4 17.6 2762196 177412 ?      Sl   18:13   1:26 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java -Dproc_namenode -Xmx1000m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,console -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop-hadoop-namenode-tiandong63.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode
hadoop    43046  0.2 13.3 2733336 134344 ?      Sl   18:13   0:35 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java -Dproc_secondarynamenode -Xmx1000m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,console -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-tiandong63.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS -Dhdfs.audit.logger=INFO,NullAppender -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SecondaryNameNode
在tiandong64和tiandong65上面查看進程（datanode）
[root@tiandong64 ~]# ps -aux|grep datanode
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ
hadoop     3938  0.3 12.2 2757576 122592 ?      Sl   18:13   1:04 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java -Dproc_datanode -Xmx1000m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,console -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=hadoop-hadoop-datanode-tiandong64.log -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dhadoop.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -server -Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS -Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS -Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS -Dhadoop.security.logger=INFO,RFAS org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode
三、啓動yarn（在tiandong63上面，即啓動分佈式計算）：
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/sbin/start-yarn.sh
在tiandong63上面查看進程（resourcemanager進程）
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ ps -ef|grep resourcemanager --color
hadoop    43196      1  0 18:14 pts/1    00:02:55 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java -Dproc_resourcemanager -Xmx1000m -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dyarn.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-tiandong63.log -Dyarn.log.file=yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-tiandong63.log -Dyarn.home.dir= -Dyarn.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Dyarn.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dyarn.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dyarn.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-tiandong63.log -Dyarn.log.file=yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-tiandong63.log -Dyarn.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Dyarn.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -classpath /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/common/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop/rm-config/log4j.properties org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.ResourceManager
在tiandong64和tiandong65上面查看進程（nodemanager）
[root@tiandong64 ~]# ps -aux|grep nodemanager --color
Warning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.8/FAQ
hadoop     4048  0.5 15.7 2802552 158380 ?      Sl   18:14   1:42 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191/bin/java -Dproc_nodemanager -Xmx1000m -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dyarn.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-tiandong64.log -Dyarn.log.file=yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-tiandong64.log -Dyarn.home.dir= -Dyarn.id.str=hadoop -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Dyarn.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -Dyarn.policy.file=hadoop-policy.xml -server -Dhadoop.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dyarn.log.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/logs -Dhadoop.log.file=yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-tiandong64.log -Dyarn.log.file=yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-tiandong64.log -Dyarn.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.home.dir=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7 -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Dyarn.root.logger=INFO,RFA -Djava.library.path=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/lib/native -classpath /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/common/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop/nm-config/log4j.properties org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager
注意：start-dfs和start-yarn.sh這兩個腳本可使用start-all.sh代替

四、查看HDFS分佈式文件系統狀態
[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hdfs dfsadmin -report

4、hadoop的簡單使用

運行hadoop計算任務，word count字數統計

在HDFS上建立文件夾：

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /test/input
查看文件夾：

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop fs -ls /test/
drwxr-xr-x   - hadoop supergroup          0 2018-12-30 21:40 /test/input
上傳文件：

建立一個計算的文件：

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ more file1.txt
welcome to beijing
my name is thunder
what is your name
上傳到HDFS的/test/input文件夾中

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop fs -put /home/hadoop/file1.txt /test/input
查看是否上傳成功：

[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop fs -ls /test/input
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r--   2 hadoop supergroup         56 2018-12-30 21:40 /test/input/file1.txt

計算：[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$ /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop jar /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.7.jar wordcount /test/input /test/output查看運行結果：[hadoop@tiandong63 ~]$  /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop fs -cat /test/output/part-r-00000beijing    1is    2my    1name    2thunder    1to    1welcome    1what    1your    1