上一節介紹了jfinal框架的簡單搭建,這節經過一個小例子瞭解jfinal的結構和特色css
先上圖html
一、建數據庫(我用的是oracle數據庫,其餘的相對也差很少)java
-- Create table create table CLASSES ( classesid NUMBER not null, classesname VARCHAR2(20), classesaddress VARCHAR2(50) ); -- Create table create table STUDENT ( studentid NUMBER not null, studentname VARCHAR2(10), studentage NUMBER, studentsex VARCHAR2(2), classesid NUMBER ); alter table STUDENT add constraint FK_CLASSESID foreign key (CLASSESID) references CLASSES (CLASSESID);
新建項目,我用的myeclipse,先把jar包導入mysql
二、實體類
Classes.javasql
package com.demo.model; import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Model; public class Classes extends Model<Classes> { public static final Classes dao = new Classes(); }
Student.java數據庫
package com.demo.model; import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.Model; public class Student extends Model<Student> { public static final Student dao = new Student(); public Classes getClasses() { return Classes.dao.findById(get("classesid")); } }
什麼這是實體類?沒錯!!~ ActiveRecord 是 jfinal 最核心的組成部分之一,經過 ActiveRecord 來操做數據庫,將極大地減小代碼量,極大地提高開發效率,配置在後面,我這裏用的是Model,Model 是 ActiveRecord 中最重要的組件之一,它充當 MVC 模式中的 Model部分。
以上代碼中的 User 經過繼承 Model,便當即擁有的衆多方便的操做數據庫的方法。在 User 中聲明的 dao 靜態對象是爲了方便查詢操做而定義的,該對象並非必須的。 基於ActiveRecord 的 Model 無需定義屬性, 無需定義 getter、 setter方法,無需 XML 配置,無需 Annotation 配置,極大下降了代碼量。Model常見方法見官方API。json
JFinal還有 首創 Db + Record 模式,Db 類及其配套的 Record 類, 提供了在 Model 類以外更爲豐富的數據庫操做功能。使用 Db 與 Record 類時,無需對數據庫表進行映射,Record 至關於一個通用的 Model。Db常見方法見官方API。api
三、DemoConfig.java瀏覽器
package com.demo.config; import com.demo.controller.ClassesController; import com.demo.controller.StudentController; import com.demo.model.Classes; import com.demo.model.Student; import com.jfinal.config.Constants; import com.jfinal.config.Handlers; import com.jfinal.config.Interceptors; import com.jfinal.config.JFinalConfig; import com.jfinal.config.Plugins; import com.jfinal.config.Routes; import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.ActiveRecordPlugin; import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.CaseInsensitiveContainerFactory; import com.jfinal.plugin.activerecord.dialect.OracleDialect; import com.jfinal.plugin.c3p0.C3p0Plugin; public class DemoConfig extends JFinalConfig { @Override public void configConstant(Constants me) { } @Override public void configHandler(Handlers me) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void configInterceptor(Interceptors me) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void configPlugin(Plugins me) { C3p0Plugin cp = new C3p0Plugin("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl", "test", "test"); // 配置Oracle驅動 cp.setDriverClass("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"); me.add(cp); ActiveRecordPlugin arp = new ActiveRecordPlugin(cp); me.add(arp); // 配置Oracle方言 arp.setDialect(new OracleDialect()); // 配置屬性名(字段名)大小寫不敏感容器工廠 arp.setContainerFactory(new CaseInsensitiveContainerFactory()); arp.addMapping("student", "studentid", Student.class); arp.addMapping("classes", "classesid", Classes.class); } @Override public void configRoute(Routes me) { me.add("/", StudentController.class); me.add("/student", StudentController.class); me.add("/classes", ClassesController.class); } }
我這裏是oracle數據庫的配置,oracle有些特別的地方,如表列名會自動轉成大寫,配置個免大小寫的工廠,方便開發等。這裏要注意url,驅動,方言,在給個mysql數據庫的配置對比下oracle
public class DemoConfig extends JFinalConfig { public void configPlugin(Plugins me) { C3p0Plugin cp = new C3p0Plugin("jdbc:mysql://localhost/db_name", "userName", "password"); me.add(cp); ActiveRecordPlugin arp = new ActiveRecordPlugin(cp); me.add(arp); arp.addMapping("user", User.class); arp.addMapping("article", "article_id", Article.class); } }
四、StudentController.java
package com.demo.controller; import java.util.List; import com.demo.interceptor.StudentInterceptor; import com.demo.model.Student; import com.demo.validator.StudentValidator; import com.jfinal.aop.Before; import com.jfinal.core.Controller; public class StudentController extends Controller { @Before(StudentInterceptor.class) public void index() { List<Student> list = Student.dao.find("select * from student"); setAttr("studentList", list); render("/index.html"); } public void add() { render("/add.html"); } public void delete() { // 獲取表單域名爲studentID的值 // Student.dao.deleteById(getPara("studentID")); // 獲取url請求中第一個值 Student.dao.deleteById(getParaToInt()); forwardAction("/student"); } public void update() { Student student = getModel(Student.class); student.update(); forwardAction("/student"); } public void get() { Student student = Student.dao.findById(getParaToInt()); setAttr("student", student); render("/index2.html"); } @Before(StudentValidator.class) public void save() { Student student = getModel(Student.class); student.set("studentid", "mysequence.nextval").save(); forwardAction("/student"); } }
獲取studentid那裏有多種方法,這個要和前臺傳參寫法一致,Controller 提供了 getPara 系列方法,官網api裏很詳細
jfinal用的是原生態sql語句,簡單,方便,setAttr("studentList", list);把結果集放到request範圍裏,
jfinal也有直接獲取表單裏分裝成對象的方法 getModel(Student.class);就是,和struts2同樣,表單name對應上就能夠了,很是方便
添加那裏對於oracle用序列維護studentid student.set("studentid", "mysequence.nextval").save(); jfinal有多種返回方式,也能夠返回json數據,render 系列方法,官網api裏很詳細
五、interceptor和validator(能夠不加)
StudentInterceptor.java
package com.demo.interceptor; import com.jfinal.aop.Interceptor; import com.jfinal.core.ActionInvocation; public class StudentInterceptor implements Interceptor { public void intercept(ActionInvocation ai) { System.out.println("Before action invoking"); ai.invoke(); System.out.println("After action invoking"); } }
StudentValidator.java
package com.demo.validator; import com.jfinal.core.Controller; import com.jfinal.validate.Validator; public class StudentValidator extends Validator { //在校驗失敗時纔會調用 @Override protected void handleError(Controller controller) { controller.keepPara("student.studentname");//將提交的值再傳回頁面以便保持原先輸入的值 controller.render("/add.html"); } @Override protected void validate(Controller controller) { //驗證表單域name,返回信息key,返回信息value validateRequiredString("student.studentname", "studentnameMsg", "請輸入學生名稱!"); } }
六、頁面
我這裏用的是FreeMarker模板引擎
index.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>index.html</title> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">--> </head> <body> <a href="/student/add">添加</a> <table border="1"> <tr> <td> 姓名 </td> <td> 年齡 </td> <td> 性別 </td> <td> 班級 </td> <td> 操做 </td> </tr> <#list studentList as student> <tr> <td> ${student.studentname} </td> <td> ${student.studentage} </td> <td> ${student.studentsex} </td> <td> ${student.getClasses().classesname} </td> <td> <a href="/student/delete/${student.studentid}">刪除</a> <a href="/student/get/${student.studentid}">修改</a> </td> </tr> </#list> </table> </body> </html>
index2.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>index2.html</title> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">--> </head> <body> <form action="/student/update" method="post"> <input type="text" name="student.studentid" value="${student.studentid}"/> 姓名: <input type="text" name="student.studentname" value="${student.studentname}"/> <br /> 年齡: <input type="text" name="student.studentage" value="${student.studentage}"/> <br /> 性別: <input type="text" name="student.studentsex" value="${student.studentsex}"/> <br /> 班級: <input type="text" name="student.classesid" value="${student.classesid}" /> <br /> <input type="submit" value="保存" /> </form> </body> </html>
add.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>add.html</title> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">--> </head> <body> <form action="/student/save" method="post"> 姓名: <input type="text" name="student.studentname" />${studentnameMsg!}${studentnameLMsg!} <br /> 年齡: <input type="text" name="student.studentage" /> <br /> 性別: <input type="text" name="student.studentsex" /> <br /> 班級: <input type="text" name="student.classesid" /> <br /> <input type="submit" value="保存" /> </form> </body> </html>
完成! 瀏覽器輸入http://localhost/