springboot知識點【筆記】

# **1、**Spring Boot 入門css

## 一、Spring Boot 簡介html

> 簡化Spring應用開發的一個框架;
>
> 整個Spring技術棧的一個大整合;
>
> J2EE開發的一站式解決方案;前端

## 二、微服務java

2014,martin fowlermysql

微服務:架構風格(服務微化)react

一個應用應該是一組小型服務;能夠經過HTTP的方式進行互通;jquery

單體應用:ALL IN ONElinux

微服務:每個功能元素最終都是一個可獨立替換和獨立升級的軟件單元;web

[詳細參照微服務文檔](https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html#MicroservicesAndSoa)redis

 

## 三、環境準備

http://www.gulixueyuan.com/ 穀粒學院

環境約束

–jdk1.8:Spring Boot 推薦jdk1.7及以上;java version "1.8.0_112"

–maven3.x:maven 3.3以上版本;Apache Maven 3.3.9

–IntelliJIDEA2017:IntelliJ IDEA 2017.2.2 x6四、STS

–SpringBoot 1.5.9.RELEASE:1.5.9;

統一環境;

 

### 一、MAVEN設置;

給maven 的settings.xml配置文件的profiles標籤添加

```xml
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
</profile>
```

### 二、IDEA設置

整合maven進來;

![idea設置](images/搜狗截圖20180129151045.png)

 

![images/](images/搜狗截圖20180129151112.png)

## 四、Spring Boot HelloWorld

一個功能:

瀏覽器發送hello請求,服務器接受請求並處理,響應Hello World字符串;

 

### 一、建立一個maven工程;(jar)

### 二、導入spring boot相關的依賴

```xml
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
```

### 三、編寫一個主程序;啓動Spring Boot應用

```java

/**
* @SpringBootApplication 來標註一個主程序類,說明這是一個Spring Boot應用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Spring應用啓動起來
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
```

### 四、編寫相關的Controller、Service

```java
@Controller
public class HelloController {

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello World!";
}
}

```

 

### 五、運行主程序測試

### 六、簡化部署

```xml
<!-- 這個插件,能夠將應用打包成一個可執行的jar包;-->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
```

將這個應用打成jar包,直接使用java -jar的命令進行執行;

## 五、Hello World探究

### 一、POM文件

#### 一、父項目

```xml
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

他的父項目是
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath>../../spring-boot-dependencies</relativePath>
</parent>
他來真正管理Spring Boot應用裏面的全部依賴版本;

```

Spring Boot的版本仲裁中心;

之後咱們導入依賴默認是不須要寫版本;(沒有在dependencies裏面管理的依賴天然須要聲明版本號)

#### 二、啓動器

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
```

**spring-boot-starter**-==web==:

​ spring-boot-starter:spring-boot場景啓動器;幫咱們導入了web模塊正常運行所依賴的組件;

 

Spring Boot將全部的功能場景都抽取出來,作成一個個的starters(啓動器),只須要在項目裏面引入這些starter相關場景的全部依賴都會導入進來。要用什麼功能就導入什麼場景的啓動器

 

### 二、主程序類,主入口類

```java
/**
* @SpringBootApplication 來標註一個主程序類,說明這是一個Spring Boot應用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Spring應用啓動起來
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}

```

@**SpringBootApplication**: Spring Boot應用標註在某個類上說明這個類是SpringBoot的主配置類,SpringBoot就應該運行這個類的main方法來啓動SpringBoot應用;

 

```java
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
```

@**SpringBootConfiguration**:Spring Boot的配置類;

​ 標註在某個類上,表示這是一個Spring Boot的配置類;

​ @**Configuration**:配置類上來標註這個註解;

​ 配置類 ----- 配置文件;配置類也是容器中的一個組件;@Component

 

@**EnableAutoConfiguration**:開啓自動配置功能;

​ 之前咱們須要配置的東西,Spring Boot幫咱們自動配置;@**EnableAutoConfiguration**告訴SpringBoot開啓自動配置功能;這樣自動配置才能生效;

```java
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
```

​ @**AutoConfigurationPackage**:自動配置包

​ @**Import**(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class):

​ Spring的底層註解@Import,給容器中導入一個組件;導入的組件由AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class;

==將主配置類(@SpringBootApplication標註的類)的所在包及下面全部子包裏面的全部組件掃描到Spring容器;==

​ @**Import**(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class);

​ 給容器中導入組件?

​ **EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector**:導入哪些組件的選擇器;

​ 將全部須要導入的組件以全類名的方式返回;這些組件就會被添加到容器中;

​ 會給容器中導入很是多的自動配置類(xxxAutoConfiguration);就是給容器中導入這個場景須要的全部組件,並配置好這些組件; ![自動配置類](images/搜狗截圖20180129224104.png)

有了自動配置類,免去了咱們手動編寫配置注入功能組件等的工做;

​ SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,classLoader);

 

==Spring Boot在啓動的時候從類路徑下的META-INF/spring.factories中獲取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,將這些值做爲自動配置類導入到容器中,自動配置類就生效,幫咱們進行自動配置工做;==之前咱們須要本身配置的東西,自動配置類都幫咱們;

J2EE的總體整合解決方案和自動配置都在spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.5.9.RELEASE.jar;

 

==Spring註解版(穀粒學院)==

 

## 六、使用Spring Initializer快速建立Spring Boot項目

### 一、IDEA:使用 Spring Initializer快速建立項目

IDE都支持使用Spring的項目建立嚮導快速建立一個Spring Boot項目;

選擇咱們須要的模塊;嚮導會聯網建立Spring Boot項目;

默認生成的Spring Boot項目;

- 主程序已經生成好了,咱們只須要咱們本身的邏輯
- resources文件夾中目錄結構
- static:保存全部的靜態資源; js css images;
- templates:保存全部的模板頁面;(Spring Boot默認jar包使用嵌入式的Tomcat,默認不支持JSP頁面);可使用模板引擎(freemarker、thymeleaf);
- application.properties:Spring Boot應用的配置文件;能夠修改一些默認設置;

### 二、STS使用 Spring Starter Project快速建立項目

 

-------------

 

# 2、配置文件

## 一、配置文件

SpringBoot使用一個全局的配置文件,配置文件名是固定的;

•application.properties

•application.yml

 

配置文件的做用:修改SpringBoot自動配置的默認值;SpringBoot在底層都給咱們自動配置好;

 

YAML(YAML Ain't Markup Language)

​ YAML A Markup Language:是一個標記語言

​ YAML isn't Markup Language:不是一個標記語言;

標記語言:

​ 之前的配置文件;大多都使用的是 **xxxx.xml**文件;

​ YAML:**以數據爲中心**,比json、xml等更適合作配置文件;

​ YAML:配置例子

```yaml
server:
port: 8081
```

​ XML:

```xml
<server>
<port>8081</port>
</server>
```

 

## 二、YAML語法:

### 一、基本語法

k:(空格)v:表示一對鍵值對(空格必須有);

以**空格**的縮進來控制層級關係;只要是左對齊的一列數據,都是同一個層級的

```yaml
server:
port: 8081
path: /hello
```

屬性和值也是大小寫敏感;

 

### 二、值的寫法

#### 字面量:普通的值(數字,字符串,布爾)

​ k: v:字面直接來寫;

​ 字符串默認不用加上單引號或者雙引號;

​ "":雙引號;不會轉義字符串裏面的特殊字符;特殊字符會做爲自己想表示的意思

​ name: "zhangsan \n lisi":輸出;zhangsan 換行 lisi

​ '':單引號;會轉義特殊字符,特殊字符最終只是一個普通的字符串數據

​ name: ‘zhangsan \n lisi’:輸出;zhangsan \n lisi

 

#### 對象、Map(屬性和值)(鍵值對):

​ k: v:在下一行來寫對象的屬性和值的關係;注意縮進

​ 對象仍是k: v的方式

```yaml
friends:
lastName: zhangsan
age: 20
```

行內寫法:

```yaml
friends: {lastName: zhangsan,age: 18}
```

 

#### 數組(List、Set):

用- 值表示數組中的一個元素

```yaml
pets:
- cat
- dog
- pig
```

行內寫法

```yaml
pets: [cat,dog,pig]
```

 

## 三、配置文件值注入

配置文件

```yaml
person:
lastName: hello
age: 18
boss: false
birth: 2017/12/12
maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
lists:
- lisi
- zhaoliu
dog:
name: 小狗
age: 12
```

javaBean:

```java
/**
* 將配置文件中配置的每個屬性的值,映射到這個組件中
* @ConfigurationProperties:告訴SpringBoot將本類中的全部屬性和配置文件中相關的配置進行綁定;
* prefix = "person":配置文件中哪一個下面的全部屬性進行一一映射
*
* 只有這個組件是容器中的組件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
*
*/
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {

private String lastName;
private Integer age;
private Boolean boss;
private Date birth;

private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;

```

 

咱們能夠導入配置文件處理器,之後編寫配置就有提示了

```xml
<!--導入配置文件處理器,配置文件進行綁定就會有提示-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
```

#### 一、properties配置文件在idea中默認utf-8可能會亂碼

調整

![idea配置亂碼](images/搜狗截圖20180130161620.png)

#### 二、@Value獲取值和@ConfigurationProperties獲取值比較

| | @ConfigurationProperties | @Value |
| ---------- | ------------------------ | ------ |
| 功能 | 批量注入配置文件中的屬性 | 一個個指定 |
| 鬆散綁定(鬆散語法) | 支持 | 不支持 |
| SpEL | 不支持 | 支持 |
| JSR303數據校驗 | 支持 | 不支持 |
| 複雜類型封裝 | 支持 | 不支持 |

配置文件yml仍是properties他們都能獲取到值;

若是說,咱們只是在某個業務邏輯中須要獲取一下配置文件中的某項值,使用@Value;

若是說,咱們專門編寫了一個javaBean來和配置文件進行映射,咱們就直接使用@ConfigurationProperties;

 

#### 三、配置文件注入值數據校驗

```java
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Validated
public class Person {

/**
* <bean class="Person">
* <property name="lastName" value="字面量/${key}從環境變量、配置文件中獲取值/#{SpEL}"></property>
* <bean/>
*/

//lastName必須是郵箱格式
@Email
//@Value("${person.last-name}")
private String lastName;
//@Value("#{11*2}")
private Integer age;
//@Value("true")
private Boolean boss;

private Date birth;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
```

 

#### 四、@PropertySource&@ImportResource&@Bean

@**PropertySource**:加載指定的配置文件;

```java
/**
* 將配置文件中配置的每個屬性的值,映射到這個組件中
* @ConfigurationProperties:告訴SpringBoot將本類中的全部屬性和配置文件中相關的配置進行綁定;
* prefix = "person":配置文件中哪一個下面的全部屬性進行一一映射
*
* 只有這個組件是容器中的組件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
* @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默認從全局配置文件中獲取值;
*
*/
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//@Validated
public class Person {

/**
* <bean class="Person">
* <property name="lastName" value="字面量/${key}從環境變量、配置文件中獲取值/#{SpEL}"></property>
* <bean/>
*/

//lastName必須是郵箱格式
// @Email
//@Value("${person.last-name}")
private String lastName;
//@Value("#{11*2}")
private Integer age;
//@Value("true")
private Boolean boss;

```

 

@**ImportResource**:導入Spring的配置文件,讓配置文件裏面的內容生效;

Spring Boot裏面沒有Spring的配置文件,咱們本身編寫的配置文件,也不能自動識別;

想讓Spring的配置文件生效,加載進來;@**ImportResource**標註在一個配置類上

```java
@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
導入Spring的配置文件讓其生效
```

 

不來編寫Spring的配置文件

```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


<bean id="helloService" class="com.atguigu.springboot.service.HelloService"></bean>
</beans>
```

SpringBoot推薦給容器中添加組件的方式;推薦使用全註解的方式

一、配置類**@Configuration**------>Spring配置文件

二、使用**@Bean**給容器中添加組件

```java
/**
* @Configuration:指明當前類是一個配置類;就是來替代以前的Spring配置文件
*
* 在配置文件中用<bean><bean/>標籤添加組件
*
*/
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {

//將方法的返回值添加到容器中;容器中這個組件默認的id就是方法名
@Bean
public HelloService helloService02(){
System.out.println("配置類@Bean給容器中添加組件了...");
return new HelloService();
}
}
```

##四、配置文件佔位符

### 一、隨機數

```java
${random.value}、${random.int}、${random.long}
${random.int(10)}、${random.int[1024,65536]}

```

 

### 二、佔位符獲取以前配置的值,若是沒有能夠是用:指定默認值

```properties
person.last-name=張三${random.uuid}
person.age=${random.int}
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=${person.hello:hello}_dog
person.dog.age=15
```

 

## 五、Profile

### 一、多Profile文件

咱們在主配置文件編寫的時候,文件名能夠是 application-{profile}.properties/yml

默認使用application.properties的配置;

 

### 二、yml支持多文檔塊方式

```yml

server:
port: 8081
spring:
profiles:
active: prod

---
server:
port: 8083
spring:
profiles: dev


---

server:
port: 8084
spring:
profiles: prod #指定屬於哪一個環境
```

 

 

### 三、激活指定profile

​ 一、在配置文件中指定 spring.profiles.active=dev

​ 二、命令行:

​ java -jar spring-boot-02-config-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev;

​ 能夠直接在測試的時候,配置傳入命令行參數

​ 三、虛擬機參數;

​ -Dspring.profiles.active=dev

 

## 六、配置文件加載位置

springboot 啓動會掃描如下位置的application.properties或者application.yml文件做爲Spring boot的默認配置文件

–file:./config/

–file:./

–classpath:/config/

–classpath:/

優先級由高到底,高優先級的配置會覆蓋低優先級的配置;

SpringBoot會從這四個位置所有加載主配置文件;**互補配置**;

 

==咱們還能夠經過spring.config.location來改變默認的配置文件位置==

**項目打包好之後,咱們可使用命令行參數的形式,啓動項目的時候來指定配置文件的新位置;指定配置文件和默認加載的這些配置文件共同起做用造成互補配置;**

java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=G:/application.properties

## 七、外部配置加載順序

**==SpringBoot也能夠從如下位置加載配置; 優先級從高到低;高優先級的配置覆蓋低優先級的配置,全部的配置會造成互補配置==**

**1.命令行參數**

全部的配置均可以在命令行上進行指定

java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --server.port=8087 --server.context-path=/abc

多個配置用空格分開; --配置項=值

 

2.來自java:comp/env的JNDI屬性

3.Java系統屬性(System.getProperties())

4.操做系統環境變量

5.RandomValuePropertySource配置的random.*屬性值

 

==**由jar包外向jar包內進行尋找;**==

==**優先加載帶profile**==

**6.jar包外部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(帶spring.profile)配置文件**

**7.jar包內部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(帶spring.profile)配置文件**

 

==**再來加載不帶profile**==

**8.jar包外部的application.properties或application.yml(不帶spring.profile)配置文件**

**9.jar包內部的application.properties或application.yml(不帶spring.profile)配置文件**

 

10.@Configuration註解類上的@PropertySource

11.經過SpringApplication.setDefaultProperties指定的默認屬性

全部支持的配置加載來源;

[參考官方文檔](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.9.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-external-config)

## 八、自動配置原理

配置文件到底能寫什麼?怎麼寫?自動配置原理;

[配置文件能配置的屬性參照](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.9.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#common-application-properties)

 

### 一、**自動配置原理:**

1)、SpringBoot啓動的時候加載主配置類,開啓了自動配置功能 ==@EnableAutoConfiguration==

**2)、@EnableAutoConfiguration 做用:**

- 利用EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector給容器中導入一些組件?

- 能夠查看selectImports()方法的內容;

- List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);獲取候選的配置

- ```java
SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()
掃描全部jar包類路徑下 META-INF/spring.factories
把掃描到的這些文件的內容包裝成properties對象
從properties中獲取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class類(類名)對應的值,而後把他們添加在容器中

```

**==將 類路徑下 META-INF/spring.factories 裏面配置的全部EnableAutoConfiguration的值加入到了容器中;==**

```properties
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.ReactorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.FallbackWebSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.OAuth2AutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.SocialWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.FacebookAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.LinkedInAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.TwitterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration
```

每個這樣的 xxxAutoConfiguration類都是容器中的一個組件,都加入到容器中;用他們來作自動配置;

3)、每個自動配置類進行自動配置功能;

4)、以**HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(Http編碼自動配置)**爲例解釋自動配置原理;

```java
@Configuration //表示這是一個配置類,之前編寫的配置文件同樣,也能夠給容器中添加組件
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpEncodingProperties.class) //啓動指定類的ConfigurationProperties功能;將配置文件中對應的值和HttpEncodingProperties綁定起來;並把HttpEncodingProperties加入到ioc容器中

@ConditionalOnWebApplication //Spring底層@Conditional註解(Spring註解版),根據不一樣的條件,若是知足指定的條件,整個配置類裏面的配置就會生效; 判斷當前應用是不是web應用,若是是,當前配置類生效

@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判斷當前項目有沒有這個類CharacterEncodingFilter;SpringMVC中進行亂碼解決的過濾器;

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true) //判斷配置文件中是否存在某個配置 spring.http.encoding.enabled;若是不存在,判斷也是成立的
//即便咱們配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true,也是默認生效的;
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {

//他已經和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
private final HttpEncodingProperties properties;

//只有一個有參構造器的狀況下,參數的值就會從容器中拿
public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpEncodingProperties properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}

@Bean //給容器中添加一個組件,這個組件的某些值須要從properties中獲取
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判斷容器沒有這個組件?
public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
return filter;
}
```

根據當前不一樣的條件判斷,決定這個配置類是否生效?

一但這個配置類生效;這個配置類就會給容器中添加各類組件;這些組件的屬性是從對應的properties類中獲取的,這些類裏面的每個屬性又是和配置文件綁定的;

 

 

 

5)、全部在配置文件中能配置的屬性都是在xxxxProperties類中封裝者‘;配置文件能配置什麼就能夠參照某個功能對應的這個屬性類

```java
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding") //從配置文件中獲取指定的值和bean的屬性進行綁定
public class HttpEncodingProperties {

public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
```

 

 

**精髓:**

​ **1)、SpringBoot啓動會加載大量的自動配置類**

​ **2)、咱們看咱們須要的功能有沒有SpringBoot默認寫好的自動配置類;**

​ **3)、咱們再來看這個自動配置類中到底配置了哪些組件;(只要咱們要用的組件有,咱們就不須要再來配置了)**

​ **4)、給容器中自動配置類添加組件的時候,會從properties類中獲取某些屬性。咱們就能夠在配置文件中指定這些屬性的值;**

 

xxxxAutoConfigurartion:自動配置類;

給容器中添加組件

xxxxProperties:封裝配置文件中相關屬性;

 

### 二、細節

 

#### 一、@Conditional派生註解(Spring註解版原生的@Conditional做用)

做用:必須是@Conditional指定的條件成立,纔給容器中添加組件,配置配裏面的全部內容才生效;

| @Conditional擴展註解 | 做用(判斷是否知足當前指定條件) |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| @ConditionalOnJava | 系統的java版本是否符合要求 |
| @ConditionalOnBean | 容器中存在指定Bean; |
| @ConditionalOnMissingBean | 容器中不存在指定Bean; |
| @ConditionalOnExpression | 知足SpEL表達式指定 |
| @ConditionalOnClass | 系統中有指定的類 |
| @ConditionalOnMissingClass | 系統中沒有指定的類 |
| @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate | 容器中只有一個指定的Bean,或者這個Bean是首選Bean |
| @ConditionalOnProperty | 系統中指定的屬性是否有指定的值 |
| @ConditionalOnResource | 類路徑下是否存在指定資源文件 |
| @ConditionalOnWebApplication | 當前是web環境 |
| @ConditionalOnNotWebApplication | 當前不是web環境 |
| @ConditionalOnJndi | JNDI存在指定項 |

**自動配置類必須在必定的條件下才能生效;**

咱們怎麼知道哪些自動配置類生效;

**==咱們能夠經過啓用 debug=true屬性;來讓控制檯打印自動配置報告==**,這樣咱們就能夠很方便的知道哪些自動配置類生效;

```java
=========================
AUTO-CONFIGURATION REPORT
=========================


Positive matches:(自動配置類啓用的)
-----------------

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
- @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)


Negative matches:(沒有啓動,沒有匹配成功的自動配置類)
-----------------

ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

AopAutoConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)

```

 

 

# 3、日誌

## 一、日誌框架

小張;開發一個大型系統;

​ 一、System.out.println("");將關鍵數據打印在控制檯;去掉?寫在一個文件?

​ 二、框架來記錄系統的一些運行時信息;日誌框架 ; zhanglogging.jar;

​ 三、高大上的幾個功能?異步模式?自動歸檔?xxxx? zhanglogging-good.jar?

​ 四、將之前框架卸下來?換上新的框架,從新修改以前相關的API;zhanglogging-prefect.jar;

​ 五、JDBC---數據庫驅動;

​ 寫了一個統一的接口層;日誌門面(日誌的一個抽象層);logging-abstract.jar;

​ 給項目中導入具體的日誌實現就好了;咱們以前的日誌框架都是實現的抽象層;

 

**市面上的日誌框架;**

JUL、JCL、Jboss-logging、logback、log4j、log4j二、slf4j....

| 日誌門面 (日誌的抽象層) | 日誌實現 |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| ~~JCL(Jakarta Commons Logging)~~ SLF4j(Simple Logging Facade for Java) **~~jboss-logging~~** | Log4j JUL(java.util.logging) Log4j2 **Logback** |

左邊選一個門面(抽象層)、右邊來選一個實現;

日誌門面: SLF4J;

日誌實現:Logback;

 

SpringBoot:底層是Spring框架,Spring框架默認是用JCL;‘

​ **==SpringBoot選用 SLF4j和logback;==**

 

## 二、SLF4j使用

### 一、如何在系統中使用SLF4j https://www.slf4j.org

之後開發的時候,日誌記錄方法的調用,不該該來直接調用日誌的實現類,而是調用日誌抽象層裏面的方法;

給系統裏面導入slf4j的jar和 logback的實現jar

```java
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class);
logger.info("Hello World");
}
}
```

圖示;

![images/concrete-bindings.png](images/concrete-bindings.png)

每個日誌的實現框架都有本身的配置文件。使用slf4j之後,**配置文件仍是作成日誌實現框架本身自己的配置文件;**

### 二、遺留問題

a(slf4j+logback): Spring(commons-logging)、Hibernate(jboss-logging)、MyBatis、xxxx

統一日誌記錄,即便是別的框架和我一塊兒統一使用slf4j進行輸出?

![](images/legacy.png)

**如何讓系統中全部的日誌都統一到slf4j;**

==一、將系統中其餘日誌框架先排除出去;==

==二、用中間包來替換原有的日誌框架;==

==三、咱們導入slf4j其餘的實現==

 

## 三、SpringBoot日誌關係

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
```

 

SpringBoot使用它來作日誌功能;

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</dependency>
```

底層依賴關係

![](images/搜狗截圖20180131220946.png)

總結:

​ 1)、SpringBoot底層也是使用slf4j+logback的方式進行日誌記錄

​ 2)、SpringBoot也把其餘的日誌都替換成了slf4j;

​ 3)、中間替換包?

```java
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public abstract class LogFactory {

static String UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION_IN_JCL_OVER_SLF4J = "http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#unsupported_operation_in_jcl_over_slf4j";

static LogFactory logFactory = new SLF4JLogFactory();
```

![](images/搜狗截圖20180131221411.png)

 

​ 4)、若是咱們要引入其餘框架?必定要把這個框架的默認日誌依賴移除掉?

​ Spring框架用的是commons-logging;

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
```

**==SpringBoot能自動適配全部的日誌,並且底層使用slf4j+logback的方式記錄日誌,引入其餘框架的時候,只須要把這個框架依賴的日誌框架排除掉便可;==**

## 四、日誌使用;

### 一、默認配置

SpringBoot默認幫咱們配置好了日誌;

```java
//記錄器
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
//System.out.println();

//日誌的級別;
//由低到高 trace<debug<info<warn<error
//能夠調整輸出的日誌級別;日誌就只會在這個級別以之後的高級別生效
logger.trace("這是trace日誌...");
logger.debug("這是debug日誌...");
//SpringBoot默認給咱們使用的是info級別的,沒有指定級別的就用SpringBoot默認規定的級別;root級別
logger.info("這是info日誌...");
logger.warn("這是warn日誌...");
logger.error("這是error日誌...");


}
```

 

日誌輸出格式:
%d表示日期時間,
%thread表示線程名,
%-5level:級別從左顯示5個字符寬度
%logger{50} 表示logger名字最長50個字符,不然按照句點分割。
%msg:日誌消息,
%n是換行符
-->
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n
SpringBoot修改日誌的默認配置

```properties
logging.level.com.atguigu=trace


#logging.path=
# 不指定路徑在當前項目下生成springboot.log日誌
# 能夠指定完整的路徑;
#logging.file=G:/springboot.log

# 在當前磁盤的根路徑下建立spring文件夾和裏面的log文件夾;使用 spring.log 做爲默認文件
logging.path=/spring/log

# 在控制檯輸出的日誌的格式
logging.pattern.console=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n
# 指定文件中日誌輸出的格式
logging.pattern.file=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} === [%thread] === %-5level === %logger{50} ==== %msg%n
```

| logging.file | logging.path | Example | Description |
| ------------ | ------------ | -------- | ----------------------- |
| (none) | (none) | | 只在控制檯輸出 |
| 指定文件名 | (none) | my.log | 輸出日誌到my.log文件 |
| (none) | 指定目錄 | /var/log | 輸出到指定目錄的 spring.log 文件中 |

### 二、指定配置

給類路徑下放上每一個日誌框架本身的配置文件便可;SpringBoot就不使用他默認配置的了

| Logging System | Customization |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Logback | `logback-spring.xml`, `logback-spring.groovy`, `logback.xml` or `logback.groovy` |
| Log4j2 | `log4j2-spring.xml` or `log4j2.xml` |
| JDK (Java Util Logging) | `logging.properties` |

logback.xml:直接就被日誌框架識別了;

**logback-spring.xml**:日誌框架就不直接加載日誌的配置項,由SpringBoot解析日誌配置,可使用SpringBoot的高級Profile功能

```xml
<springProfile name="staging">
<!-- configuration to be enabled when the "staging" profile is active -->
能夠指定某段配置只在某個環境下生效
</springProfile>

```

如:

```xml
<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<!--
日誌輸出格式:
%d表示日期時間,
%thread表示線程名,
%-5level:級別從左顯示5個字符寬度
%logger{50} 表示logger名字最長50個字符,不然按照句點分割。
%msg:日誌消息,
%n是換行符
-->
<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
<springProfile name="dev">
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ----> [%thread] ---> %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern>
</springProfile>
<springProfile name="!dev">
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ==== [%thread] ==== %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern>
</springProfile>
</layout>
</appender>
```

 

若是使用logback.xml做爲日誌配置文件,還要使用profile功能,會有如下錯誤

`no applicable action for [springProfile]`

## 五、切換日誌框架

能夠按照slf4j的日誌適配圖,進行相關的切換;

slf4j+log4j的方式;

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</dependency>

```

 

 

切換爲log4j2

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>
```

-----------------

# 4、Web開發

## 一、簡介

 

使用SpringBoot;

**1)、建立SpringBoot應用,選中咱們須要的模塊;**

**2)、SpringBoot已經默認將這些場景配置好了,只須要在配置文件中指定少許配置就能夠運行起來**

**3)、本身編寫業務代碼;**

 

**自動配置原理?**

這個場景SpringBoot幫咱們配置了什麼?能不能修改?能修改哪些配置?能不能擴展?xxx

```
xxxxAutoConfiguration:幫咱們給容器中自動配置組件;
xxxxProperties:配置類來封裝配置文件的內容;

```

 

## 二、SpringBoot對靜態資源的映射規則;

```java
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
//能夠設置和靜態資源有關的參數,緩存時間等
```

 

```java
WebMvcAuotConfiguration:
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
return;
}
Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations(
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
//靜態資源文件夾映射
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
.addResourceLocations(
this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
}

//配置歡迎頁映射
@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
}

//配置喜歡的圖標
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public static class FaviconConfiguration {

private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
}

@Bean
public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
//全部 **/favicon.ico
mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
faviconRequestHandler()));
return mapping;
}

@Bean
public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
requestHandler
.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
return requestHandler;
}

}

```

 

==1)、全部 /webjars/** ,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找資源;==

​ webjars:以jar包的方式引入靜態資源;

http://www.webjars.org/

![](images/搜狗截圖20180203181751.png)

localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js

```xml
<!--引入jquery-webjar-->在訪問的時候只須要寫webjars下面資源的名稱便可
<dependency>
<groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
<artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
<version>3.3.1</version>
</dependency>
```

 

==2)、"/**" 訪問當前項目的任何資源,都去(靜態資源的文件夾)找映射==

```
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/",
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/",
"classpath:/public/"
"/":當前項目的根路徑
```

localhost:8080/abc === 去靜態資源文件夾裏面找abc

==3)、歡迎頁; 靜態資源文件夾下的全部index.html頁面;被"/**"映射;==

​ localhost:8080/ 找index頁面

==4)、全部的 **/favicon.ico 都是在靜態資源文件下找;==

 

## 三、模板引擎

JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf

![](images/template-engine.png)

 

SpringBoot推薦的Thymeleaf;

語法更簡單,功能更強大;

 

### 一、引入thymeleaf;

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
2.1.6
</dependency>
切換thymeleaf版本
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
<!-- 佈局功能的支持程序 thymeleaf3主程序 layout2以上版本 -->
<!-- thymeleaf2 layout1-->
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
</properties>
```

 

### 二、Thymeleaf使用

```java
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {

private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");

public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";

public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
//
```

只要咱們把HTML頁面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自動渲染;

使用:

一、導入thymeleaf的名稱空間

```xml
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
```

二、使用thymeleaf語法;

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功!</h1>
<!--th:text 將div裏面的文本內容設置爲 -->
<div th:text="${hello}">這是顯示歡迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>
```

### 三、語法規則

1)、th:text;改變當前元素裏面的文本內容;

​ th:任意html屬性;來替換原生屬性的值

![](images/2018-02-04_123955.png)

 

2)、表達式?

```properties
Simple expressions:(表達式語法)
Variable Expressions: ${...}:獲取變量值;OGNL;
1)、獲取對象的屬性、調用方法
2)、使用內置的基本對象:
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.

${session.foo}
3)、內置的一些工具對象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).

Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:選擇表達式:和${}在功能上是同樣;
補充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:
<div th:object="${session.user}">
<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
</div>

Message Expressions: #{...}:獲取國際化內容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定義URL;
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片斷引用表達式
<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>

Literals(字面量)
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:(文本操做)
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:(數學運算)
Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:(布爾運算)
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:(比較運算)
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:條件運算(三元運算符)
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No-Operation: _
```

## 四、SpringMVC自動配置

https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing-web-applications

### 1. Spring MVC auto-configuration

Spring Boot 自動配置好了SpringMVC

如下是SpringBoot對SpringMVC的默認配置:**==(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)==**

- Inclusion of `ContentNegotiatingViewResolver` and `BeanNameViewResolver` beans.
- 自動配置了ViewResolver(視圖解析器:根據方法的返回值獲得視圖對象(View),視圖對象決定如何渲染(轉發?重定向?))
- ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:組合全部的視圖解析器的;
- ==如何定製:咱們能夠本身給容器中添加一個視圖解析器;自動的將其組合進來;==

- Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).靜態資源文件夾路徑,webjars

- Static `index.html` support. 靜態首頁訪問

- Custom `Favicon` support (see below). favicon.ico

- 自動註冊了 of `Converter`, `GenericConverter`, `Formatter` beans.

- Converter:轉換器; public String hello(User user):類型轉換使用Converter
- `Formatter` 格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;

```java
@Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的規則
public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化組件
}
```

​ ==本身添加的格式化器轉換器,咱們只須要放在容器中便可==

- Support for `HttpMessageConverters` (see below).

- HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用來轉換Http請求和響應的;User---Json;

- `HttpMessageConverters` 是從容器中肯定;獲取全部的HttpMessageConverter;

==本身給容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只須要將本身的組件註冊容器中(@Bean,@Component)==

- Automatic registration of `MessageCodesResolver` (see below).定義錯誤代碼生成規則

- Automatic use of a `ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer` bean (see below).

==咱們能夠配置一個ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer來替換默認的;(添加到容器)==

```
初始化WebDataBinder;
請求數據=====JavaBean;
```

**org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的全部自動場景;**

If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional [MVC configuration](https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.3.14.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle#mvc) (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own `@Configuration` class of type `WebMvcConfigurerAdapter`, but **without** `@EnableWebMvc`. If you wish to provide custom instances of `RequestMappingHandlerMapping`, `RequestMappingHandlerAdapter` or `ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver` you can declare a `WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter` instance providing such components.

If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own `@Configuration` annotated with `@EnableWebMvc`.

### 二、擴展SpringMVC

```xml
<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
<bean></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
```

**==編寫一個配置類(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter類型;不能標註@EnableWebMvc==**;

既保留了全部的自動配置,也能用咱們擴展的配置;

```java
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter能夠來擴展SpringMVC的功能
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發送 /atguigu 請求來到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
```

原理:

​ 1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自動配置類

​ 2)、在作其餘自動配置時會導入;@Import(**EnableWebMvcConfiguration**.class)

```java
@Configuration
public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();

//從容器中獲取全部的WebMvcConfigurer
@Autowired(required = false)
public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
//一個參考實現;將全部的WebMvcConfigurer相關配置都來一塊兒調用;
@Override
// public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
// delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
// }
}
}
}
```

​ 3)、容器中全部的WebMvcConfigurer都會一塊兒起做用;

​ 4)、咱們的配置類也會被調用;

​ 效果:SpringMVC的自動配置和咱們的擴展配置都會起做用;

### 三、全面接管SpringMVC;

SpringBoot對SpringMVC的自動配置不須要了,全部都是咱們本身配置;全部的SpringMVC的自動配置都失效了

**咱們須要在配置類中添加@EnableWebMvc便可;**

```java
//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter能夠來擴展SpringMVC的功能
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發送 /atguigu 請求來到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}
}
```

原理:

爲何@EnableWebMvc自動配置就失效了;

1)@EnableWebMvc的核心

```java
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
```

2)、

```java
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
```

3)、

```java
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
//容器中沒有這個組件的時候,這個自動配置類才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
```

4)、@EnableWebMvc將WebMvcConfigurationSupport組件導入進來;

5)、導入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;

 

## 五、如何修改SpringBoot的默認配置

模式:

​ 1)、SpringBoot在自動配置不少組件的時候,先看容器中有沒有用戶本身配置的(@Bean、@Component)若是有就用用戶配置的,若是沒有,才自動配置;若是有些組件能夠有多個(ViewResolver)將用戶配置的和本身默認的組合起來;

​ 2)、在SpringBoot中會有很是多的xxxConfigurer幫助咱們進行擴展配置

​ 3)、在SpringBoot中會有不少的xxxCustomizer幫助咱們進行定製配置

## 六、RestfulCRUD

### 1)、默認訪問首頁

```java

//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter能夠來擴展SpringMVC的功能
//@EnableWebMvc 不要接管SpringMVC
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
// super.addViewControllers(registry);
//瀏覽器發送 /atguigu 請求來到 success
registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
}

//全部的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter組件都會一塊兒起做用
@Bean //將組件註冊在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
}

```

### 2)、國際化

**1)、編寫國際化配置文件;**

2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理國際化資源文件

3)、在頁面使用fmt:message取出國際化內容

 

步驟:

1)、編寫國際化配置文件,抽取頁面須要顯示的國際化消息

![](images/搜狗截圖20180211130721.png)

 

2)、SpringBoot自動配置好了管理國際化資源文件的組件;

```java
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {

/**
* Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
* location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
* slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
* "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
*/
private String basename = "messages";
//咱們的配置文件能夠直接放在類路徑下叫messages.properties;

@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
//設置國際化資源文件的基礎名(去掉語言國家代碼的)
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
if (this.encoding != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
return messageSource;
}
```

 

3)、去頁面獲取國際化的值;

![](images/搜狗截圖20180211134506.png)

 

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>

<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1>
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{login.remember}]]
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm">English</a>
</form>

</body>

</html>
```

效果:根據瀏覽器語言設置的信息切換了國際化;

 

原理:

​ 國際化Locale(區域信息對象);LocaleResolver(獲取區域信息對象);

```java
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties
.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
默認的就是根據請求頭帶來的區域信息獲取Locale進行國際化
```

4)、點擊連接切換國際化

```java
/**
* 能夠在鏈接上攜帶區域信息
*/
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {

@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
String l = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
String[] split = l.split("_");
locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
}
return locale;
}

@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {

}
}


@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
}


```

### 3)、登錄

開發期間模板引擎頁面修改之後,要實時生效

1)、禁用模板引擎的緩存

```
# 禁用緩存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
```

2)、頁面修改完成之後ctrl+f9:從新編譯;

 

登錄錯誤消息的顯示

```html
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
```

 

### 4)、攔截器進行登錄檢查

攔截器

```java

/**
* 登錄檢查,
*/
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//目標方法執行以前
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if(user == null){
//未登錄,返回登錄頁面
request.setAttribute("msg","沒有權限請先登錄");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
return false;
}else{
//已登錄,放行請求
return true;
}

}

@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

}

@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

}
}

```

 

註冊攔截器

```java
//全部的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter組件都會一塊兒起做用
@Bean //將組件註冊在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}

//註冊攔截器
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//super.addInterceptors(registry);
//靜態資源; *.css , *.js
//SpringBoot已經作好了靜態資源映射
registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
.excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
```

### 5)、CRUD-員工列表

實驗要求:

1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD知足Rest風格;

URI: /資源名稱/資源標識 HTTP請求方式區分對資源CRUD操做

| | 普通CRUD(uri來區分操做) | RestfulCRUD |
| ---- | ------------------------- | ----------------- |
| 查詢 | getEmp | emp---GET |
| 添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp---POST |
| 修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}---PUT |
| 刪除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}---DELETE |

2)、實驗的請求架構;

| 實驗功能 | 請求URI | 請求方式 |
| ------------------------------------ | ------- | -------- |
| 查詢全部員工 | emps | GET |
| 查詢某個員工(來到修改頁面) | emp/1 | GET |
| 來到添加頁面 | emp | GET |
| 添加員工 | emp | POST |
| 來到修改頁面(查出員工進行信息回顯) | emp/1 | GET |
| 修改員工 | emp | PUT |
| 刪除員工 | emp/1 | DELETE |

3)、員工列表:

#### thymeleaf公共頁面元素抽取

```html
一、抽取公共片斷
<div th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>

二、引入公共片斷
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::選擇器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片斷名

三、默認效果:
insert的公共片斷在div標籤中
若是使用th:insert等屬性進行引入,能夠不用寫~{}:
行內寫法能夠加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
```

 

三種引入公共片斷的th屬性:

**th:insert**:將公共片斷整個插入到聲明引入的元素中

**th:replace**:將聲明引入的元素替換爲公共片斷

**th:include**:將被引入的片斷的內容包含進這個標籤中

 

```html
<footer th:fragment="copy">
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>

效果
<div>
<footer>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
</div>

<footer>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>

<div>
&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
```

 

引入片斷的時候傳入參數:

```html

<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-sticky">
<ul class="nav flex-column">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active"
th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
<path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path>
<polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline>
</svg>
Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
</a>
</li>

<!--引入側邊欄;傳入參數-->
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div>
```

### 6)、CRUD-員工添加

添加頁面

```html
<form>
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<select class="form-control">
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>4</option>
<option>5</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>
```

提交的數據格式不對:生日:日期;

2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;

日期的格式化;SpringMVC將頁面提交的值須要轉換爲指定的類型;

2017-12-12---Date; 類型轉換,格式化;

默認日期是按照/的方式;

### 7)、CRUD-員工修改

修改添加二合一表單

```html
<!--須要區分是員工修改仍是添加;-->
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
<!--發送put請求修改員工數據-->
<!--
一、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自動配置好的)
二、頁面建立一個post表單
三、建立一個input項,name="_method";值就是咱們指定的請求方式
-->
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>LastName</label>
<input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Email</label>
<input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Gender</label><br/>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
<label class="form-check-label">男</label>
</div>
<div class="form-check form-check-inline">
<input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
<label class="form-check-label">女</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>department</label>
<!--提交的是部門的id-->
<select class="form-control" name="department.id">
<option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Birth</label>
<input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button>
</form>
```

### 8)、CRUD-員工刪除

```html
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
<td th:text="${emp.id}"></td>
<td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td>
<td th:text="${emp.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td>
<td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td>
<td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td>
<td>
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">編輯</a>
<button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">刪除</button>
</td>
</tr>


<script>
$(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
//刪除當前員工的
$("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
return false;
});
</script>
```

 

## 七、錯誤處理機制

### 1)、SpringBoot默認的錯誤處理機制

默認效果:

​ 1)、瀏覽器,返回一個默認的錯誤頁面

![](images/搜狗截圖20180226173408.png)

瀏覽器發送請求的請求頭:

![](images/搜狗截圖20180226180347.png)

​ 2)、若是是其餘客戶端,默認響應一個json數據

![](images/搜狗截圖20180226173527.png)

​ ![](images/搜狗截圖20180226180504.png)

原理:

​ 能夠參照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;錯誤處理的自動配置;

給容器中添加了如下組件

​ 一、DefaultErrorAttributes:

```java
幫咱們在頁面共享信息;
@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
return errorAttributes;
}
```

 

​ 二、BasicErrorController:處理默認/error請求

```java
@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {

@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//產生html類型的數據;瀏覽器發送的請求來到這個方法處理
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
response.setStatus(status.value());

//去哪一個頁面做爲錯誤頁面;包含頁面地址和頁面內容
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
}

@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody //產生json數據,其餘客戶端來到這個方法處理;
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
```

 

​ 三、ErrorPageCustomizer:

```java
@Value("${error.path:/error}")
private String path = "/error"; 系統出現錯誤之後來到error請求進行處理;(web.xml註冊的錯誤頁面規則)
```

 

​ 四、DefaultErrorViewResolver:

```java
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
Map<String, Object> model) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
}
return modelAndView;
}

private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
//默認SpringBoot能夠去找到一個頁面? error/404
String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;

//模板引擎能夠解析這個頁面地址就用模板引擎解析
TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
if (provider != null) {
//模板引擎可用的狀況下返回到errorViewName指定的視圖地址
return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
}
//模板引擎不可用,就在靜態資源文件夾下找errorViewName對應的頁面 error/404.html
return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
}
```

 

​ 步驟:

​ 一但系統出現4xx或者5xx之類的錯誤;ErrorPageCustomizer就會生效(定製錯誤的響應規則);就會來到/error請求;就會被**BasicErrorController**處理;

​ 1)響應頁面;去哪一個頁面是由**DefaultErrorViewResolver**解析獲得的;

```java
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
//全部的ErrorViewResolver獲得ModelAndView
for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
if (modelAndView != null) {
return modelAndView;
}
}
return null;
}
```

### 2)、若是定製錯誤響應:

#### **1)、如何定製錯誤的頁面;**

​ **1)、有模板引擎的狀況下;error/狀態碼;** 【將錯誤頁面命名爲 錯誤狀態碼.html 放在模板引擎文件夾裏面的 error文件夾下】,發生此狀態碼的錯誤就會來到 對應的頁面;

​ 咱們可使用4xx和5xx做爲錯誤頁面的文件名來匹配這種類型的全部錯誤,精確優先(優先尋找精確的狀態碼.html);

​ 頁面能獲取的信息;

​ timestamp:時間戳

​ status:狀態碼

​ error:錯誤提示

​ exception:異常對象

​ message:異常消息

​ errors:JSR303數據校驗的錯誤都在這裏

​ 2)、沒有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到這個錯誤頁面),靜態資源文件夾下找;

​ 3)、以上都沒有錯誤頁面,就是默認來到SpringBoot默認的錯誤提示頁面;

 

#### 2)、如何定製錯誤的json數據;

​ 1)、自定義異常處理&返回定製json數據;

```java
@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {

@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public Map<String,Object> handleException(Exception e){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
return map;
}
}
//沒有自適應效果...
```

 

​ 2)、轉發到/error進行自適應響應效果處理

```java
@ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
public String handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
//傳入咱們本身的錯誤狀態碼 4xx 5xx,不然就不會進入定製錯誤頁面的解析流程
/**
* Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
*/
request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
map.put("code","user.notexist");
map.put("message",e.getMessage());
//轉發到/error
return "forward:/error";
}
```

#### 3)、將咱們的定製數據攜帶出去;

出現錯誤之後,會來到/error請求,會被BasicErrorController處理,響應出去能夠獲取的數據是由getErrorAttributes獲得的(是AbstractErrorController(ErrorController)規定的方法);

​ 一、徹底來編寫一個ErrorController的實現類【或者是編寫AbstractErrorController的子類】,放在容器中;

​ 二、頁面上能用的數據,或者是json返回能用的數據都是經過errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes獲得;

​ 容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默認進行數據處理的;

自定義ErrorAttributes

```java
//給容器中加入咱們本身定義的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {

@Override
public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) {
Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
map.put("company","atguigu");
return map;
}
}
```

最終的效果:響應是自適應的,能夠經過定製ErrorAttributes改變須要返回的內容,

![](images/搜狗截圖20180228135513.png)

 

## 八、配置嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默認使用Tomcat做爲嵌入式的Servlet容器;

![](images/搜狗截圖20180301142915.png)

 

問題?

### 1)、如何定製和修改Servlet容器的相關配置;

一、修改和server有關的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);

```properties
server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud

server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8

//通用的Servlet容器設置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的設置
server.tomcat.xxx
```

二、編寫一個**EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer**:嵌入式的Servlet容器的定製器;來修改Servlet容器的配置

```java
@Bean //必定要將這個定製器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {

//定製嵌入式的Servlet容器相關的規則
@Override
public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
container.setPort(8083);
}
};
}
```

### 2)、註冊Servlet三大組件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】

因爲SpringBoot默認是以jar包的方式啓動嵌入式的Servlet容器來啓動SpringBoot的web應用,沒有web.xml文件。

註冊三大組件用如下方式

ServletRegistrationBean

```java
//註冊三大組件
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
return registrationBean;
}

```

FilterRegistrationBean

```java
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
return registrationBean;
}
```

ServletListenerRegistrationBean

```java
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
return registrationBean;
}
```

 

SpringBoot幫咱們自動SpringMVC的時候,自動的註冊SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:

```java
@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
//默認攔截: / 全部請求;包靜態資源,可是不攔截jsp請求; /*會攔截jsp
//能夠經過server.servletPath來修改SpringMVC前端控制器默認攔截的請求路徑

registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
registration.setLoadOnStartup(
this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
}
return registration;
}

```

2)、SpringBoot能不能支持其餘的Servlet容器;

### 3)、替換爲其餘嵌入式Servlet容器

![](images/搜狗截圖20180302114401.png)

默認支持:

Tomcat(默認使用)

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
引入web模塊默認就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat做爲Servlet容器;
</dependency>
```

Jetty

```xml
<!-- 引入web模塊 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<!--引入其餘的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
```

Undertow

```xml
<!-- 引入web模塊 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<!--引入其餘的Servlet容器-->
<dependency>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
</dependency>
```

### 4)、嵌入式Servlet容器自動配置原理;

 

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自動配置?

```java
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//導入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring註解版;給容器中導入一些組件
//導入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:
//後置處理器:bean初始化先後(建立完對象,還沒賦值賦值)執行初始化工做
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判斷當前是否引入了Tomcat依賴;
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判斷當前容器沒有用戶本身定義EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠;做用:建立嵌入式的Servlet容器
public static class EmbeddedTomcat {

@Bean
public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}

}

/**
* Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
WebAppContext.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedJetty {

@Bean
public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}

}

/**
* Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
public static class EmbeddedUndertow {

@Bean
public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
}

}
```

1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工廠)

```java
public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {

//獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器
EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers);

}
```

![](images/搜狗截圖20180302144835.png)

2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器)

![](images/搜狗截圖20180302144910.png)

 

3)、以**TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory**爲例

```java
@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
//建立一個Tomcat
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();

//配置Tomcat的基本環節
File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
: createTempDir("tomcat"));
tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
customizeConnector(connector);
tomcat.setConnector(connector);
tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
}
prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);

//將配置好的Tomcat傳入進去,返回一個EmbeddedServletContainer;而且啓動Tomcat服務器
return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}
```

4)、咱們對嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎麼生效?

```
ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
```

 

**EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer**:定製器幫咱們修改了Servlet容器的配置?

怎麼修改的原理?

5)、容器中導入了**EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor**

```java
//初始化以前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
//若是當前初始化的是一個ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer類型的組件
if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
//
postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
}
return bean;
}

private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
//獲取全部的定製器,調用每個定製器的customize方法來給Servlet容器進行屬性賦值;
for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
customizer.customize(bean);
}
}

private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
if (this.customizers == null) {
// Look up does not include the parent context
this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
this.beanFactory
//從容器中獲取全部這葛類型的組件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
//定製Servlet容器,給容器中能夠添加一個EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer類型的組件
.getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
false, false)
.values());
Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
}
return this.customizers;
}

ServerProperties也是定製器
```

步驟:

1)、SpringBoot根據導入的依賴狀況,給容器中添加相應的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】

2)、容器中某個組件要建立對象就會驚動後置處理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;

只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠,後置處理器就工做;

3)、後置處理器,從容器中獲取全部的**EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer**,調用定製器的定製方法

 

###5)、嵌入式Servlet容器啓動原理;

何時建立嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠?何時獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器並啓動Tomcat;

獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠:

1)、SpringBoot應用啓動運行run方法

2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【建立IOC容器對象,並初始化容器,建立容器中的每個組件】;若是是web應用建立**AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext**,不然:**AnnotationConfigApplicationContext**

3)、refresh(context);**刷新剛纔建立好的ioc容器;**

```java
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();

// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();

// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();

// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();

// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();

// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}

catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}

// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();

// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);

// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}

finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
```

4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重寫了onRefresh方法

5)、webioc容器會建立嵌入式的Servlet容器;**createEmbeddedServletContainer**();

**6)、獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠:**

EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();

​ 從ioc容器中獲取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 組件;**TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory**建立對象,後置處理器一看是這個對象,就獲取全部的定製器來先定製Servlet容器的相關配置;

7)、**使用容器工廠獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器**:this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());

8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器建立對象並啓動Servlet容器;

**先啓動嵌入式的Servlet容器,再將ioc容器中剩下沒有建立出的對象獲取出來;**

**==IOC容器啓動建立嵌入式的Servlet容器==**

 

## 九、使用外置的Servlet容器

嵌入式Servlet容器:應用打成可執行的jar

​ 優勢:簡單、便攜;

​ 缺點:默認不支持JSP、優化定製比較複雜(使用定製器【ServerProperties、自定義EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,本身編寫嵌入式Servlet容器的建立工廠【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);

 

外置的Servlet容器:外面安裝Tomcat---應用war包的方式打包;

### 步驟

1)、必須建立一個war項目;(利用idea建立好目錄結構)

2)、將嵌入式的Tomcat指定爲provided;

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
```

3)、必須編寫一個**SpringBootServletInitializer**的子類,並調用configure方法

```java
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
//傳入SpringBoot應用的主程序
return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
}

}
```

4)、啓動服務器就可使用;

### 原理

jar包:執行SpringBoot主類的main方法,啓動ioc容器,建立嵌入式的Servlet容器;

war包:啓動服務器,**服務器啓動SpringBoot應用**【SpringBootServletInitializer】,啓動ioc容器;

 

servlet3.0(Spring註解版):

8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability:

規則:

​ 1)、服務器啓動(web應用啓動)會建立當前web應用裏面每個jar包裏面ServletContainerInitializer實例:

​ 2)、ServletContainerInitializer的實現放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夾下,有一個名爲javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,內容就是ServletContainerInitializer的實現類的全類名

​ 3)、還可使用@HandlesTypes,在應用啓動的時候加載咱們感興趣的類;

 

流程:

1)、啓動Tomcat

2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:

Spring的web模塊裏面有這個文件:**org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer**

3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer將@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)標註的全部這個類型的類都傳入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>;爲這些WebApplicationInitializer類型的類建立實例;

4)、每個WebApplicationInitializer都調用本身的onStartup;

![](images/搜狗截圖20180302221835.png)

5)、至關於咱們的SpringBootServletInitializer的類會被建立對象,並執行onStartup方法

6)、SpringBootServletInitializer實例執行onStartup的時候會createRootApplicationContext;建立容器

```java
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(
ServletContext servletContext) {
//一、建立SpringApplicationBuilder
SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null);
builder.environment(environment);
builder.main(getClass());
ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
if (parent != null) {
this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
servletContext.setAttribute(
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
}
builder.initializers(
new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);

//調用configure方法,子類重寫了這個方法,將SpringBoot的主程序類傳入了進來
builder = configure(builder);

//使用builder建立一個Spring應用
SpringApplication application = builder.build();
if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
.findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
application.getSources().add(getClass());
}
Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
"No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
+ "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
// Ensure error pages are registered
if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
}
//啓動Spring應用
return run(application);
}
```

7)、Spring的應用就啓動而且建立IOC容器

```java
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
listeners.starting();
try {
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);

//刷新IOC容器
refreshContext(context);
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
```

**==啓動Servlet容器,再啓動SpringBoot應用==**

 

# 5、Docker

## 一、簡介

**Docker**是一個開源的應用容器引擎;是一個輕量級容器技術;

Docker支持將軟件編譯成一個鏡像;而後在鏡像中各類軟件作好配置,將鏡像發佈出去,其餘使用者能夠直接使用這個鏡像;

運行中的這個鏡像稱爲容器,容器啓動是很是快速的。

![](images/搜狗截圖20180303145450.png)

 

![](images/搜狗截圖20180303145531.png)

## 二、核心概念

docker主機(Host):安裝了Docker程序的機器(Docker直接安裝在操做系統之上);

docker客戶端(Client):鏈接docker主機進行操做;

docker倉庫(Registry):用來保存各類打包好的軟件鏡像;

docker鏡像(Images):軟件打包好的鏡像;放在docker倉庫中;

docker容器(Container):鏡像啓動後的實例稱爲一個容器;容器是獨立運行的一個或一組應用

![](images/搜狗截圖20180303165113.png)

使用Docker的步驟:

1)、安裝Docker

2)、去Docker倉庫找到這個軟件對應的鏡像;

3)、使用Docker運行這個鏡像,這個鏡像就會生成一個Docker容器;

4)、對容器的啓動中止就是對軟件的啓動中止;

## 三、安裝Docker

#### 1)、安裝linux虛擬機

​ 1)、VMWare、VirtualBox(安裝);

​ 2)、導入虛擬機文件centos7-atguigu.ova;

​ 3)、雙擊啓動linux虛擬機;使用 root/ 123456登錄

​ 4)、使用客戶端鏈接linux服務器進行命令操做;

​ 5)、設置虛擬機網絡;

​ 橋接網絡===選好網卡====接入網線;

​ 6)、設置好網絡之後使用命令重啓虛擬機的網絡

```shell
service network restart
```

​ 7)、查看linux的ip地址

```shell
ip addr
```

​ 8)、使用客戶端鏈接linux;

#### 2)、在linux虛擬機上安裝docker

步驟:

```shell
一、檢查內核版本,必須是3.10及以上
uname -r
二、安裝docker
yum install docker
三、輸入y確認安裝
四、啓動docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.12.6, build 3e8e77d/1.12.6
五、開機啓動docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
六、中止docker
systemctl stop docker
```

## 四、Docker經常使用命令&操做

### 1)、鏡像操做

| 操做 | 命令 | 說明 |
| ---- | ----------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| 檢索 | docker search 關鍵字 eg:docker search redis | 咱們常常去docker hub上檢索鏡像的詳細信息,如鏡像的TAG。 |
| 拉取 | docker pull 鏡像名:tag | :tag是可選的,tag表示標籤,多爲軟件的版本,默認是latest |
| 列表 | docker images | 查看全部本地鏡像 |
| 刪除 | docker rmi image-id | 刪除指定的本地鏡像 |

https://hub.docker.com/

### 2)、容器操做

軟件鏡像(QQ安裝程序)----運行鏡像----產生一個容器(正在運行的軟件,運行的QQ);

步驟:

````shell
一、搜索鏡像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat
二、拉取鏡像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat
三、根據鏡像啓動容器
docker run --name mytomcat -d tomcat:latest
四、docker ps
查看運行中的容器
五、 中止運行中的容器
docker stop 容器的id
六、查看全部的容器
docker ps -a
七、啓動容器
docker start 容器id
八、刪除一個容器
docker rm 容器id
九、啓動一個作了端口映射的tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 8888:8080 tomcat
-d:後臺運行
-p: 將主機的端口映射到容器的一個端口 主機端口:容器內部的端口

十、爲了演示簡單關閉了linux的防火牆
service firewalld status ;查看防火牆狀態
service firewalld stop:關閉防火牆
十一、查看容器的日誌
docker logs container-name/container-id

更多命令參看
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/
能夠參考每個鏡像的文檔

````

 

### 3)、安裝MySQL示例

```shell
docker pull mysql
```

 

錯誤的啓動

```shell
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -d mysql
42f09819908bb72dd99ae19e792e0a5d03c48638421fa64cce5f8ba0f40f5846

mysql退出了
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42f09819908b mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 34 seconds ago Exited (1) 33 seconds ago mysql01
538bde63e500 tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago compassionate_
goldstine
c4f1ac60b3fc tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago lonely_fermi
81ec743a5271 tomcat "catalina.sh run" About an hour ago Exited (143) About an hour ago sick_ramanujan


//錯誤日誌
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs 42f09819908b
error: database is uninitialized and password option is not specified
You need to specify one of MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD, MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD and MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD;這個三個參數必須指定一個
```

正確的啓動

```shell
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
b874c56bec49fb43024b3805ab51e9097da779f2f572c22c695305dedd684c5f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b874c56bec49 mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 3306/tcp mysql01
```

作了端口映射

```shell
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql02 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
ad10e4bc5c6a0f61cbad43898de71d366117d120e39db651844c0e73863b9434
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ad10e4bc5c6a mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 4 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mysql02
```

 

幾個其餘的高級操做

```
docker run --name mysql03 -v /conf/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
把主機的/conf/mysql文件夾掛載到 mysqldocker容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d文件夾裏面
改mysql的配置文件就只須要把mysql配置文件放在自定義的文件夾下(/conf/mysql)

docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
指定mysql的一些配置參數
```

 

# 6、SpringBoot與數據訪問

## 一、JDBC

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
```

 

```yaml
spring:
datasource:
username: root
password: 123456
url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.15.22:3306/jdbc
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
```

效果:

​ 默認是用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource做爲數據源;

​ 數據源的相關配置都在DataSourceProperties裏面;

自動配置原理:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc:

一、參考DataSourceConfiguration,根據配置建立數據源,默認使用Tomcat鏈接池;可使用spring.datasource.type指定自定義的數據源類型;

二、SpringBoot默承認以支持;

```
org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource、HikariDataSource、BasicDataSource、
```

三、自定義數據源類型

```java
/**
* Generic DataSource configuration.
*/
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
static class Generic {

@Bean
public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
//使用DataSourceBuilder建立數據源,利用反射建立響應type的數據源,而且綁定相關屬性
return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
}

}
```

四、**DataSourceInitializer:ApplicationListener**;

​ 做用:

​ 1)、runSchemaScripts();運行建表語句;

​ 2)、runDataScripts();運行插入數據的sql語句;

默認只須要將文件命名爲:

```properties
schema-*.sql、data-*.sql
默認規則:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
可使用
schema:
- classpath:department.sql
指定位置
```

五、操做數據庫:自動配置了JdbcTemplate操做數據庫

## 二、整合Druid數據源

```java
導入druid數據源
@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
@Bean
public DataSource druid(){
return new DruidDataSource();
}

//配置Druid的監控
//一、配置一個管理後臺的Servlet
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();

initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
initParams.put("allow","");//默認就是容許全部訪問
initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");

bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
return bean;
}


//二、配置一個web監控的filter
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());

Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");

bean.setInitParameters(initParams);

bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));

return bean;
}
}

```

## 三、整合MyBatis

```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
```

![](images/搜狗截圖20180305194443.png)

步驟:

​ 1)、配置數據源相關屬性(見上一節Druid)

​ 2)、給數據庫建表

​ 3)、建立JavaBean

### 4)、註解版

```java
//指定這是一個操做數據庫的mapper
@Mapper
public interface DepartmentMapper {

@Select("select * from department where id=#{id}")
public Department getDeptById(Integer id);

@Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}")
public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);

@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
@Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
public int insertDept(Department department);

@Update("update department set departmentName=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}")
public int updateDept(Department department);
}
```

問題:

自定義MyBatis的配置規則;給容器中添加一個ConfigurationCustomizer;

```java
@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
public class MyBatisConfig {

@Bean
public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){
return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){

@Override
public void customize(Configuration configuration) {
configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
}
};
}
}
```

 

```java
使用MapperScan批量掃描全部的Mapper接口;
@MapperScan(value = "com.atguigu.springboot.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication.class, args);
}
}
```

### 5)、配置文件版

```yaml
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 指定全局配置文件的位置
mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml 指定sql映射文件的位置
```

更多使用參照

http://www.mybatis.org/spring-boot-starter/mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure/

 

## 四、整合SpringData JPA

### 1)、SpringData簡介

![](images/搜狗截圖20180306105412.png)

### 2)、整合SpringData JPA

JPA:ORM(Object Relational Mapping);

1)、編寫一個實體類(bean)和數據表進行映射,而且配置好映射關係;

```java
//使用JPA註解配置映射關係
@Entity //告訴JPA這是一個實體類(和數據表映射的類)
@Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table來指定和哪一個數據表對應;若是省略默認表名就是user;
public class User {

@Id //這是一個主鍵
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主鍵
private Integer id;

@Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //這是和數據表對應的一個列
private String lastName;
@Column //省略默認列名就是屬性名
private String email;
```

2)、編寫一個Dao接口來操做實體類對應的數據表(Repository)

```java
//繼承JpaRepository來完成對數據庫的操做
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}

```

3)、基本的配置JpaProperties

```yaml
spring:
jpa:
hibernate:
# 更新或者建立數據表結構
ddl-auto: update
# 控制檯顯示SQL
show-sql: true
```

 

# 7、啓動配置原理

幾個重要的事件回調機制

配置在META-INF/spring.factories

**ApplicationContextInitializer**

**SpringApplicationRunListener**

 

只須要放在ioc容器中

**ApplicationRunner**

**CommandLineRunner**

 

啓動流程:

## **一、建立SpringApplication對象**

```java
initialize(sources);
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
//保存主配置類
if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
}
//判斷當前是否一個web應用
this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
//從類路徑下找到META-INF/spring.factories配置的全部ApplicationContextInitializer;而後保存起來
setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
//從類路徑下找到ETA-INF/spring.factories配置的全部ApplicationListener
setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
//從多個配置類中找到有main方法的主配置類
this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}
```

![](images/搜狗截圖20180306145727.png)

![](images/搜狗截圖20180306145855.png)

## 二、運行run方法

```java
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();

//獲取SpringApplicationRunListeners;從類路徑下META-INF/spring.factories
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
//回調全部的獲取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法
listeners.starting();
try {
//封裝命令行參數
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
//準備環境
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
//建立環境完成後回調SpringApplicationRunListener.environmentPrepared();表示環境準備完成

Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);

//建立ApplicationContext;決定建立web的ioc仍是普通的ioc
context = createApplicationContext();

analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
//準備上下文環境;將environment保存到ioc中;並且applyInitializers();
//applyInitializers():回調以前保存的全部的ApplicationContextInitializer的initialize方法
//回調全部的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared();
//
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//prepareContext運行完成之後回調全部的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded();

//s刷新容器;ioc容器初始化(若是是web應用還會建立嵌入式的Tomcat);Spring註解版
//掃描,建立,加載全部組件的地方;(配置類,組件,自動配置)
refreshContext(context);
//從ioc容器中獲取全部的ApplicationRunner和CommandLineRunner進行回調
//ApplicationRunner先回調,CommandLineRunner再回調
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
//全部的SpringApplicationRunListener回調finished方法
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
//整個SpringBoot應用啓動完成之後返回啓動的ioc容器;
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
```

## 三、事件監聽機制

配置在META-INF/spring.factories

**ApplicationContextInitializer**

```java
public class HelloApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
System.out.println("ApplicationContextInitializer...initialize..."+applicationContext);
}
}

```

**SpringApplicationRunListener**

```java
public class HelloSpringApplicationRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {

//必須有的構造器
public HelloSpringApplicationRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args){

}

@Override
public void starting() {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...starting...");
}

@Override
public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
Object o = environment.getSystemProperties().get("os.name");
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...environmentPrepared.."+o);
}

@Override
public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextPrepared...");
}

@Override
public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextLoaded...");
}

@Override
public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...finished...");
}
}

```

配置(META-INF/spring.factories)

```properties
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloApplicationContextInitializer

org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloSpringApplicationRunListener
```

 

 

只須要放在ioc容器中

**ApplicationRunner**

```java
@Component
public class HelloApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("ApplicationRunner...run....");
}
}
```

 

**CommandLineRunner**

```java
@Component
public class HelloCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("CommandLineRunner...run..."+ Arrays.asList(args));
}
}
```

 

# 8、自定義starter

starter:

​ 一、這個場景須要使用到的依賴是什麼?

​ 二、如何編寫自動配置

```java
@Configuration //指定這個類是一個配置類
@ConditionalOnXXX //在指定條件成立的狀況下自動配置類生效
@AutoConfigureAfter //指定自動配置類的順序
@Bean //給容器中添加組件

@ConfigurationPropertie結合相關xxxProperties類來綁定相關的配置
@EnableConfigurationProperties //讓xxxProperties生效加入到容器中

自動配置類要能加載
將須要啓動就加載的自動配置類,配置在META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
```

​ 三、模式:

啓動器只用來作依賴導入;

專門來寫一個自動配置模塊;

啓動器依賴自動配置;別人只須要引入啓動器(starter)

mybatis-spring-boot-starter;自定義啓動器名-spring-boot-starter

 

步驟:

1)、啓動器模塊

```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<!--啓動器-->
<dependencies>

<!--引入自動配置模塊-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

</project>
```

2)、自動配置模塊

```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.atguigu.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurer</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

<!--引入spring-boot-starter;全部starter的基本配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>

</dependencies>

 

</project>

```

 

```java
package com.atguigu.starter;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "atguigu.hello")
public class HelloProperties {

private String prefix;
private String suffix;

public String getPrefix() {
return prefix;
}

public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
this.prefix = prefix;
}

public String getSuffix() {
return suffix;
}

public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
this.suffix = suffix;
}
}

```

```java
package com.atguigu.starter;

public class HelloService {

HelloProperties helloProperties;

public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
return helloProperties;
}

public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
}

public String sayHellAtguigu(String name){
return helloProperties.getPrefix()+"-" +name + helloProperties.getSuffix();
}
}

```

```java
package com.atguigu.starter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //web應用才生效
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {

@Autowired
HelloProperties helloProperties;
@Bean
public HelloService helloService(){
HelloService service = new HelloService();
service.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
return service;
}
}

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