Spring Security框架入門

一.Spring Security概況　　

　　Spring Security是一個可以爲基於Spring的安全框架。爲應用系統提供聲明式的安全訪問控制功能，減小了爲企業系統安全控制編寫大量重複代碼的工做。

二.入門案例

　　1.建立maven項目，pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.cracker.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
      <plugins>        
          <!-- java編譯插件 -->
          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
          </plugin>      
          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- 指定端口 -->
                    <port>9090</port>
                    <!-- 請求路徑 -->
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
       </plugins>  
    </build>
</project>

pom.xml

　　2.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">        
       <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
     </context-param>
     <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
     </listener>    
     <filter>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>           <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
     </filter>  
     <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
     </filter-mapping>    
</web-app>

View Code

　　3.在resource目錄下建立spring-security.xml　　

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

    <!-- 頁面攔截規則 -->
    <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login/>    
    </http>

    <!-- 認證管理器 -->
    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <user-service>
                <user name="root" password="root" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
            </user-service>        
        </authentication-provider>    
    </authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

View Code

　　攔截規則：

　　　　intercept-url，pattern，/**包括本目錄及下面子目錄的全部資源

　　　　access，ROLE_開頭，後面本身定義，當前用戶必須有ROLE_USER的角色 才能夠訪問根目錄及所屬子目錄的資源

　　

　　4.webapp目錄下的html文件

　　

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>
    登陸成功
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>
用戶名或密碼錯誤
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>

歡迎登錄
<form action="/login" method="post">
    用戶名：<input name="username"><br>
    密碼：<input name="password"><br>
    <button>登錄</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>