http://ac.jobdu.com/problem.php?id=1335php
sun所在學校每一年都要舉行電腦節,今年電腦節有一個新的趣味比賽項目叫作闖迷宮。
sun的室友在幫電腦節設計迷宮,因此室友就請sun幫忙計算下走出迷宮的最少步數。
知道了最少步數就能夠輔助控制比賽難度以及去掉一些沒有路徑到達終點的map。
比賽規則是:從原點(0,0)開始走到終點(n-1,n-1),只能上下左右4個方向走,只能在給定的矩陣裏走。ios
輸入有多組數據。
每組數據輸入n(0<n<=100),而後輸入n*n的01矩陣,0表明該格子沒有障礙,爲1表示有障礙物。
注意:若是輸入中的原點和終點爲1則這個迷宮是不可達的。算法
對每組輸入輸出該迷宮的最短步數,若不能到達則輸出-1。測試
2 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
2 8
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
//#include <map>
#include <assert.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
using
namespace
std;
const
int
MAXDIST = 10000;
int
map[105][105];
int
dist[105][105];
void
InitDist(
int
n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<=n; i++)
//多取一位
for
(
int
j=0; j<=n; j++)
dist[i][j]=MAXDIST;
}
int
computePath(
int
n)
{
if
(map[0][0]==1 || map[n-1][n-1]==1)
return
-1;
InitDist(n);
dist[0][0]=0;
for
(
int
i=1; i<n; i++)
if
(0 == map[0][i])
dist[0][i]=dist[0][i-1]+1;
for
(
int
i=1; i<n; i++)
if
(0==map[i][0])
dist[i][0]=dist[i-1][0]+1;
for
(
int
i=1;
i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=1;
j<n; j++)
//紅色部分爲問題所在,後面相似
{
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp1 = dist[i-1][j]+1;
int
temp2 = dist[i][j-1]+1;
int
temp = temp1<temp2 ? temp1:temp2;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
}
for
(
int
i=1; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=n-1; j>0; j--)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp1 = dist[i-1][j]+1;
int
temp2 = dist[i][j+1]+1;
int
temp = temp1<temp2 ? temp1:temp2;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=n-1; i>0; i--)
for
(
int
j=1; j<n; j++)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp1 = dist[i+1][j]+1;
int
temp2 = dist[i][j-1]+1;
int
temp = temp1<temp2 ? temp1:temp2;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=n-1; i>0; i--)
for
(
int
j=n-1; j>0; j--)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp1 = dist[i+1][j]+1;
int
temp2 = dist[i][j+1]+1;
int
temp = temp1<temp2 ? temp1:temp2;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=1; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=1; j<n; j++)
{
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp1 = dist[i-1][j]+1;
int
temp2 = dist[i][j-1]+1;
int
temp = temp1<temp2 ? temp1:temp2;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
}
if
(dist[n-1][n-1]>=MAXDIST)
return
-1;
else
return
dist[n-1][n-1];
}
int
main()
{
//freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
int
n;
while
(cin>>n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
cin>>map[i][j];
cout<<computePath(n)<<endl;
}
return
0;
}
糾正上面提到的問題果真AC了,
沒有第五趟額外的掃描代碼經過不了,因此暫時還不肯定代碼絕對正確,第五趟是否必定不會再有值更新並沒有把握,之後再仔細考慮吧,不事後面寫的直到徹底沒值更新了才中止掃描(只朝一個方向掃描只爲代碼簡潔,收斂速度會慢一些吧)160ms-》190ms
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
//#include <map>
#include <assert.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
using
namespace
std;
const
int
MAXDIST = 10000;
int
map[105][105];
int
dist[105][105];
void
InitDist(
int
n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<=n; i++)
//多取一位 從0取才有意義
for
(
int
j=0; j<=n; j++)
dist[i][j]=MAXDIST;
}
int
SourceForm(
int
x,
int
y,
int
n)
{
if
(x<0 || x>=n || y<0 || y>=n)
return
MAXDIST;
else
return
dist[x][y];
}
int
computePath(
int
n)
{
if
(map[0][0]==1 || map[n-1][n-1]==1)
return
-1;
InitDist(n);
dist[0][0]=0;
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=n-1; j>=0; j--)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=n-1; i>=0; i--)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=n-1; i>=0; i--)
for
(
int
j=n-1; j>=0; j--)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
dist[i][j]=temp;
}
if
(dist[n-1][n-1]>=MAXDIST)
return
-1;
else
return
dist[n-1][n-1];
}
int
main()
{
//freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
int
n;
while
(cin>>n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
scanf
(
"%d"
,&map[i][j]);
//cin>>map[i][j];
cout<<computePath(n)<<endl;
}
return
0;
}
/**************************************************************
Problem: 1335
User: xjbscut
Language: C++
Result: Accepted
Time:160 ms
Memory:1600 kb
****************************************************************/
以爲傳遞思想絕對是OK的,使用了一種以爲嚴謹且暴力保證收斂的手段(每次都考慮四個緊鄰,把相鄰元素是否越界
封裝在SourceForm(
int
x,
int
y,
int
n)中很優雅
)
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
//#include <map>
#include <assert.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
using
namespace
std;
const
int
MAXDIST = 10000;
int
map[105][105];
int
dist[105][105];
void
InitDist(
int
n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<=n; i++)
//多取一位 從0取才有意義
for
(
int
j=0; j<=n; j++)
dist[i][j]=MAXDIST;
}
int
SourceForm(
int
x,
int
y,
int
n)
{
if
(x<0 || x>=n || y<0 || y>=n)
return
MAXDIST;
else
return
dist[x][y];
}
int
computePath(
int
n)
{
if
(map[0][0]==1 || map[n-1][n-1]==1)
return
-1;
InitDist(n);
dist[0][0]=0;
bool
hasUpadated;
do
{
hasUpadated =
false
;
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
if
(0 == map[i][j])
{
//考慮四個相鄰元素
int
temp = SourceForm(i-1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j-1,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i+1,j,n)+1;
if
(SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1<temp)
temp = SourceForm(i,j+1,n)+1;
if
(temp<dist[i][j])
{
dist[i][j]=temp;
hasUpadated =
true
;
}
}
}
while
(hasUpadated);
if
(dist[n-1][n-1]>=MAXDIST)
return
-1;
else
return
dist[n-1][n-1];
}
int
main()
{
//freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
int
n;
while
(cin>>n)
{
for
(
int
i=0; i<n; i++)
for
(
int
j=0; j<n; j++)
scanf
(
"%d"
,&map[i][j]);
//cin>>map[i][j];
cout<<computePath(n)<<endl;
}
return
0;
}
/**************************************************************
Problem: 1335
User: xjbscut
Language: C++
Result: Accepted
Time:190 ms
Memory:1596 kb
****************************************************************/
其實撇開這種遞推的思路,使用DFS是這種問題的最直觀的思路,可是搜索算法相對來講比較難寫好,特別使得處理好剪枝,不然很容易超時,能夠考慮的是搜索的過程當中記錄到每個中間點的當前最短消費(而不是隻存儲目標點的信息,到了目標節點才進行實際的消費比較),這樣能夠減小大量沒必要要的搜索,不過即便這樣仍是超時,其中第五個測試樣例超過了1s,前面經過的樣例都只有20ms左右)估計是一個比較強的測試用例,想了下加了個剪紙就AC了,不過期間在AC結果裏面仍是比較長的(480ms)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <assert.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
using
namespace