從源碼看 Android 事件分發

Android 事件分發是安卓中一個很精妙的地方,不少開發人員有些不解,爲何呢?由於不知道怎麼去運用,其實這個地方理解起來比較簡單,我寫這麼一篇文章就是爲了串一串這個知識點。bash

脫離源碼淺談分發

  1. 事件分發是在最上層 View 一直往下層傳遞事件,並經過 onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) 這個方法來分發的,若是某個 View 想處理這個事件就須要重寫這個 onTouchEvent() 而且返回 True ,而後寫本身的邏輯處理事件。
  2. 若是是 ViewGroup 想處理這個事件呢,那麼他就要重寫 onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) 方法並返回 True ,來攔截這個事件並交給 ViewGroup 的 onTouchEvent() 來處理這個事件。
  3. 若是 ViewGroup 裏面的子 View 想處理這個事件怎麼辦,不要擔憂 Android 給咱們提供了 requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean b) 方法而後傳入 True 就會阻止上一級 ViewGroup 攔截事件,而後子 View 本身來處理這個事件。
  4. 上面三條結論咱們怎麼得出的呢?這就是 dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) 方法的具體實現
  5. 處理 ACTION_DOWN 事件的 View 就是事件分發的目標,剩餘的事件會直接分發到當前 View

滑動衝突有兩種辦法

  1. 若是兩個上下級 View 衝突,那麼給上級 View 設置 setOnTouchListener() 而後先把 ACTION_DOWN 分發給子 View ,而後在 ACTION_MOVE 中去判斷具體的業務邏輯,肯定到底那個 View 去處理本次事件。根據業務決定返回 True,False。
  2. 若是兩個上下級 View 衝突,那麼在下級 View 重寫 onTouchEvent() ,而後先把 ACTION_DOWN 用 requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true) 把上層事件處理攔截掉 ,而後在 ACTION_MOVE 中去判斷具體的業務邏輯,肯定那個 View 去處理本次事件,若是肯定是上層 View 處理事件,則用 requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false) 讓上層 View 繼續處理事件。

從源碼看待事件分發

本次源碼基於 Android 8.0 API 27佈局

首先咱們要知道事件分發的事件先發到 window 而後調用 Activity 或 Dialog 等組件的事件分發,而後分發到 window 再分發到 DecorView,再往咱們本身的佈局分發,這個流程咱們將到 window 解析的時候講,咱們如今就當他是在 Activity 直接分發到咱們本身的佈局post

1. 咱們先從 ViewGroup 的 dispatchTouchEvent() 方法來講起

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        ...
        boolean handled = false;
        //檢查點擊是否合法
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                //若是以前有未處理完的事件則取消掉,具體實現看方法裏面的源碼,本質是往下分發 ACTION_CANCEL 事件
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                //清除 requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent() 方法的標誌,也就是每次 ACTION_DOWN 的時候這個標誌都會取消
                resetTouchState();
            }

            //檢查是否攔截事件
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                    // 若是 onInterceptTouchEvent 返回 True 則攔截事件,系統控件通常狀況都是 False
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                //沒有觸摸目標默認爲攔截掉事件
                intercepted = true;
            }

            if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
            }

            // 檢查是否取消事件
            final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

            final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
            TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
            boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
            //沒有取消沒有攔截
            if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
                View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                        ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;

                if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                    final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                    final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                            : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                    removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                    final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                        final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
                        final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
                       
                        final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
                        final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                        final View[] children = mChildren;
                        //查找點擊的 View
                        for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            ...
                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                ...
                                //把新找到的觸摸對象放到鏈表裏
                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                        }
                        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                    }

                    if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                        //沒有找到接受事件的 View,交給最近處理事件的 View
                        newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                        while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                            newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                        }
                        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                    }
                }
            }
            
            if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
                //沒有觸摸目標
                handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
            } else {
                //尋找到或已經有觸摸目標
                TouchTarget predecessor = null;
                TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
                while (target != null) {
                    final TouchTarget next = target.next;
                    if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
                        handled = true;
                    } else {
                        final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
                                || intercepted;
                        //分發事件
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                                target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
                            handled = true;
                        }
                        if (cancelChild) {
                            if (predecessor == null) {
                                mFirstTouchTarget = next;
                            } else {
                                predecessor.next = next;
                            }
                            target.recycle();
                            target = next;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    predecessor = target;
                    target = next;
                }
            }

            if (canceled
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                // 遇到事件取消、手指擡起、鼠標移過取消按鈕狀態
                resetTouchState();
            } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
                final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
                final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
                removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
            }
        }

        if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
        }
        return handled;
    }
複製代碼

mFirstTouchTarget 是記錄點擊的一個鏈表 咱們再看一下分發事件的方法 dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()ui

private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
            View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;

        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
         //若是事件被取消了則往下分發取消的事件
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }
        ...
        //繼續放下分發
        final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
        if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
            if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                if (child == null) {
                    handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
                } else {
                    ...
                    handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
                    event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
                }
                return handled;
            }
            transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
        } else {
            transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
        }
        
        // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
        if (child == null) {
            //若是沒有子 View 則調用 View 的 dispatchTouchEvent() 方法,注意 View 和 ViewGroup 的 dispatchTouchEvent() 不同,具體看下面
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        } else {
            ...
            //往下分發,調用子 View/ViewGroup 的 dispatchTouchEvent() 方法
            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        }

        // Done.
        transformedEvent.recycle();
        return handled;
    }
複製代碼

歐克,到此爲止 ViewGroup 的兩個主要的方法就差很少分析完了,我感受個人註釋打的也很全,有人會問了爲何沒有 onTouchEvent() 方法,由於 ViewGroup 沒有這個方法,等會咱們分析 View 會將這個方法。this

2. 接下來咱們再看一下 View 的 dispatchTouchEvent() 方法

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        ...
        final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            // 若是開始 ACTION_DOWN 事件則取消當前的滑動
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            //這個對象的做用就如他的名字,存儲各類監聽接口
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            //首先 ListenerInfo 不爲空(則裏面有監聽對象),而且有 TouchListener 不爲空,
            //而且控件的狀態是啓用的,
            //而且 TouchListener 的 onTouch 返回 true 說明事件被外面的 TouchListener 處理了,
            //這就說明了外面設置監聽接口優先級高於本身自己的 onTouchEvent() 方法,
            //這就是咱們解決滑動衝突第一種方法的依據
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            
            //若是上述沒有處理事件,則調用自身的 onTouchEvent() 方法
            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
        }
        ...
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
                actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
                (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
            //若是手指擡起、時間取消、手指按下並由本 View 處理了事件,則中止 View 的滑動
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        return result;
    }
複製代碼

接下來咱們再看一看咱們心心念唸的 onTouchEvent() 方法spa

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        ...
        //判斷事件點擊
        final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
                || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
                || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
        
        //若是當前 View 沒有啓用則不處理該事件
        if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                setPressed(false);
            }
            mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
            return clickable;
        }
        //代理對象
        if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
            if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
            switch (action) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
                        handleTooltipUp();
                    }
                    if (!clickable) {
                        removeTapCallback();
                        //取消長按點擊的延時操做
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        mInContextButtonPress = false;
                        mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
                        mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
                        break;
                    }
                    boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
                    if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
                        boolean focusTaken = false;
                        if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                            focusTaken = requestFocus();
                        }

                        if (prepressed) {
                            setPressed(true, x, y);
                        }

                        if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
                            removeLongPressCallback();
                            if (!focusTaken) {
                                if (mPerformClick == null) {
                                    mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
                                }
                                if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                                    //處理點擊事件
                                    performClick();
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
                            mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
                        }

                        if (prepressed) {
                            postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
                                    ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
                        } else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
                            mUnsetPressedState.run();
                        }

                        removeTapCallback();
                    }
                    mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
                        mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    }
                    mHasPerformedLongPress = false;

                    if (!clickable) {
                        //處理長按點擊,此處是用延時隊列實現的,全部不少不符合的條件下要刪除掉這個延時事件
                        checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
                        break;
                    }

                    if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
                        break;
                    }
                    //可否在容器內滾動
                    boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();

                    if (isInScrollingContainer) {
                        mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
                        if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
                            mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
                        }
                        mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
                        mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
                        postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                    } else {
                        setPressed(true, x, y);
                        checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
                    }
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                    ...
                    //清除各類狀態
                    break;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    if (clickable) {
                        drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
                    }

                    if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
                        //若是手指移動到 View 的外部則中止長按等事件
                        removeTapCallback();
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                            setPressed(false);
                        }
                        mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
複製代碼

咱們事件分發的內容基本也就這麼多了,其實光講事件分發的話 onTouchEvent() 這個方法將的有點多餘了,其實與咱們當前內容也沒有多大的關係。代理

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