docker製做鏡像

dockerfile經常使用指令

FROM：構建新的鏡像是基於哪一個鏡像，例如：FROM centos:6
MAINTAINER：鏡像維護者姓名或郵箱地址，例如：MAINTAINER goldenyin
RUN：構建鏡像時運行的shell命令，例如：

RUN ["yum","install","https"]
RUN yum install -y httpd

CMD：運行容器時執行的shell命令，例如：

CMD ["-c","/start.sh"]
CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]
CMD /usr/sbin/sshd -D

EXPOSE：聲明容器運行的服務端口，例如：EXPOSE 80 443
EVN：設置容器內環境變量，例如：ENV MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 123456
ADD：拷貝文件或目錄到鏡像，若是是URL或壓縮包會自動下載或自動解壓，例如：

ADD <src>...<dest>
ADD ["<src>",...,"<dest>"]
ADD https://xxx.com/xxx.tar.gz /var/www/html
ADD xxx.tar.gz /var/www/html

COPY：拷貝文件或目錄到鏡像，用法與ADD相似，例如：COPY ./start.sh /start.sh
ENTRYPOINT：運行容器時執行的shell命令，例如

ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","-c","/start.sh"]
ENTRYPOINT /bin/bash -c '/start.sh'

VOLUME：指定容器掛載點到宿主機自動生成的目錄或其餘容器，例如：VOLUME ["/var/lib/mysql"]
USER：爲RUN、CMD和ENTRYPOINT執行命令指定運行用戶，USER [: ] or USER [: ]，例如：
USER goldenyin
WORKDIR：爲RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT、COPY和ADD設置工做目錄，例如： WORKDIR /data
HEALTHCHECK：健康檢查，例如： HEALTHCHECK --interval=5m --timeout=3s --retries=3 CMD curl -f http://localhost/ ||exit 1
ARG：在構建鏡像時指定一些參數，例如：

FROM centos:6
ARG user \#ARG user=root
USER $user
#docker build --build-arg user=goldenyin Dockerfile.

示例

[root@docker test_dackerfile]# pwd
/root/test_dackerfile
[root@docker test_dackerfile]# ls
Dockerfile php-5.6.31.tar.gz
[root@docker test_dackerfile]# cat Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER www.xxx.com
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel openssl libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash php-mcrypt

ADD php-5.6.31.tar.gz /tmp/

RUN cd /tmp/php-5.6.31 && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-gd --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng \
    --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-xpm-dir=/usr/ \
    --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib \
    --with-iconv --enable-libxml --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-opcache --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
    --without-pear \
    --with-gettext --enable-session \
    --with-curl --enable-ctype && \
    make -j4 && \
    make install && \
    cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
    sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/0.0.0.0/g" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
    sed -i "21a \daemonize = no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
    rm -fr /tmp/php-5.6.31* && yum clean all
WORKDIR /usr/local/php
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["./sbin/php-fpm","-c","/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf"]

build鏡像命令

usage：docker image build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL -
options：
-t，--tag list #鏡像名稱
-f，--file string #指定Dockerfile文件位置
示例：
docker build .
docker build -t shykes/myapp .
docker build -t shykes/myapp -f /path/Dockerfile /path
[root@docker test_dackerfile]# docker image build -t php:v1 .
建立成功返回以下信息：

Removing intermediate container 3ec421e076d7
 ---> b4994afab959
Step 6/8 : WORKDIR /usr/local/php
 ---> Running in 283ac6a479aa
Removing intermediate container 283ac6a479aa
 ---> a65d38cbec2a
Step 7/8 : EXPOSE 9000
 ---> Running in 70859693269d
Removing intermediate container 70859693269d
 ---> 77c0dd4f6d02
Step 8/8 : CMD ["./sbin/php-fpm","-c","/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf"]
 ---> Running in e5671de5e354
Removing intermediate container e5671de5e354
 ---> c956f56431e4
Successfully built c956f56431e4
Successfully tagged php:v1

構建php網站平臺鏡像

自定義網絡

docker network create lnmp

建立php容器

docker run -itd \
--name lnmp_php \
--net lnmp \
--mount type=bind,src=/app/wwwroot/,dst=/usr/local/nginx/html \
php:v1

建立nginx容器

docker run -itd \
--name lnmp_nginx \
--net lnmp \
-p 888:80 \
--mount type=bind,src=/app/wwwroot/,dst=/usr/local/nginx/html \
nginx:v1

建立mysql容器

docker run -itd \
--name lnmp_mysql \
--net lnmp \
-p 3306:3306 \
--mount src=mysql-vol,dsr=/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
mysql --character-set-server=utf-8

構建JAVA網站鏡像

構建java環境鏡像

FROM centos:77
MAINTAINER www.xxx.com
ADD jdk-8u45-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_45
ADD apache-tomcat-8.0.46.tar.gz /usr/local
RUN rm -f /usr/local/*.tar.gz 
WORKDIR /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.46
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["./bin.catalina.sh","run"]

建立容器

docker run -itd \
--name=tomcat \
-p 8080:8080 \
--mount type=bind,src=/app/webapps/,dst=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.46/webapps \
tomcat:v1