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SkyWalking 是一個應用性能監控系統,特別爲微服務、雲原生和基於容器(Docker, Kubernetes, Mesos)體系結構而設計。
java
除了應用指標監控之外,它還能對分佈式調用鏈路進行追蹤。相似功能的組件還有:Zipkin、Pinpoint、CAT等。node
上幾張圖,看看效果,而後再一步一步搭建並使用。git
一、概念與架構
SkyWalking是一個開源監控平臺,用於從服務和雲原生基礎設施收集、分析、聚合和可視化數據。github
SkyWalking提供了一種簡單的方法來維護分佈式系統的清晰視圖,甚至能夠跨雲查看。它是一種現代APM,專門爲雲原生、基於容器的分佈式系統設計。web
SkyWalking從三個維度對應用進行監視:service(服務), service instance(實例), endpoint(端點)spring
服務和實例就很少說了,端點是服務中的某個路徑或者說URI數據庫
SkyWalking allows users to understand the topology relationship between Services and Endpoints, to view the metrics of every Service/Service Instance/Endpoint and to set alarm rules.apache
SkyWalking容許用戶瞭解服務和端點之間的拓撲關係,查看每一個服務/服務實例/端點的度量,並設置警報規則。json
1.1. 架構
SkyWalking邏輯上分爲四個部分:Probes(探針), Platform backend(平臺後端), Storage(存儲), UI
這個結構就很清晰了,探針就是Agent負責採集數據並上報給服務端,服務端對數據進行處理和存儲,UI負責展現
二、下載與安裝
SkyWalking有兩中版本,ES版本和非ES版。
若是咱們決定採用ElasticSearch做爲存儲,那麼就下載es版本。
https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/
https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/
agent目錄未來要拷貝到各服務所在機器上用做探針
bin目錄是服務啓動腳本
config目錄是配置文件
oap-libs目錄是oap服務運行所需的jar包
webapp目錄是web服務運行所需的jar包
接下來,要選擇存儲了,支持的存儲有:
-
H2 -
ElasticSearch 6, 7 -
MySQL -
TiDB -
InfluxDB
做爲監控系統,首先排除H2和MySQL,這裏推薦InfluxDB,它自己就是時序數據庫,很是適合這種場景
可是InfluxDB我不是很熟悉,因此這裏先用ElasticSearch7
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-storage.md
2.1. 安裝ElasticSearch
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/targz.html
# 啓動
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
# 中止
pkill -F pid
ElasticSearch7.x須要Java 11以上的版本,可是若是你設置了環境變量JAVA_HOME的話,它會用你本身的Java版本。
一般,啓動過程當中會報如下三個錯誤:
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[3]: the default discovery settings are unsuitable for production use; at least one of [discovery.seed_hosts, discovery.seed_providers, cluster.initial_master_nodes] must be configured
解決方法:
在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加如下內容:
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 4096
* hard nproc 4096
可經過如下四個命令查看修改結果:
ulimit -Hn
ulimit -Sn
ulimit -Hu
ulimit -Su
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件,追加如下內容:
vm.max_map_count=262144
修改es配置文件 elasticsearch.yml 取消註釋,保留一個節點
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
爲了可以ip:port方式訪問,還需修改網絡配置
network.host: 0.0.0.0
修改完是這樣的:
至此,ElasticSearch算是啓動成功了
一個節點還不夠,這裏用三個節點搭建一個集羣
192.168.100.14 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-1
network.host: 192.168.100.14
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
192.168.100.15 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-2
network.host: 192.168.100.15
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
192.168.100.19 config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: my-monitor
node.name: node-3
network.host: 192.168.100.19
http.port: 9200
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.100.14:9300", "192.168.100.15:9300", "192.168.100.19:9300"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
同時,建議修改三個節點config/jvm.options
-Xms2g
-Xmx2g
依次啓動三個節點
pkill -F pid
./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid
接下來,修改skywalking下config/application.yml 中配置es地址便可
storage:
selector: ${SW_STORAGE:elasticsearch7}
elasticsearch7:
nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:192.168.100.14:9200,192.168.100.15:9200,192.168.100.19:9200}
2.2. 安裝Agent
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/service-agent/java-agent/README.md
將agent目錄拷貝至各服務所在的機器上
scp -r ./agent chengjs@192.168.100.12:~/
這裏,我將它拷貝至各個服務目錄下
plugins是探針用到各類插件,SkyWalking插件都是即插即用的,能夠把optional-plugins中的插件放到plugins中
修改 agent/config/agent.config 配置文件,也能夠經過命令行參數指定
主要是配置服務名稱和後端服務地址
agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:user-center}
collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:192.168.100.17:11800}
固然,也能夠經過環境變量或系統屬性的方式來設置,例如:
export SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800
最後,在服務啓動的時候用命令行參數 -javaagent 來指定探針
java -javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar -jar yourApp.jar
例如:
java -javaagent:./agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dspring.profiles.active=dev -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
三、啓動服務
修改 webapp/webapp.yml 文件,更改端口號及後端服務地址
server:
port: 9000
collector:
path: /graphql
ribbon:
ReadTimeout: 10000
# Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,
listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800
啓動服務
bin/startup.sh
或者分別依次啓動
bin/oapService.sh
bin/webappService.sh
查看logs目錄下的日誌文件,看是否啓動成功
瀏覽器訪問 http://127.0.0.1:9000
四、告警
編輯 alarm-settings.yml 設置告警規則和通知:
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-alarm.md
重點說下告警通知
爲了使用釘釘機器人通知,接下來,新建一個項目:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.wt.monitor</groupId>
<artifactId>skywalking-alarm</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>skywalking-alarm</name>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.75</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
可選依賴(不建議引入)
<dependency
<groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>
<artifactId>server-core</artifactId>
<version>8.2.0</version>
</dependency>
定義告警消息實體類:
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @date 2020/12/1
*/
@Data
public class AlarmMessageDTO implements Serializable {
private int scopeId;
private String scope;
/**
* Target scope entity name
*/
private String name;
private String id0;
private String id1;
private String ruleName;
/**
* Alarm text message
*/
private String alarmMessage;
/**
* Alarm time measured in milliseconds
*/
private long startTime;
}
發送釘釘機器人消息:
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service;
import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient;
import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient;
import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest;
import com.taobao.api.ApiException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* https://ding-doc.dingtalk.com/doc#/serverapi2/qf2nxq
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @data 2020/12/1
*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class DingTalkAlarmService {
@Value("${dingtalk.webhook}")
private String webhook;
@Value("${dingtalk.secret}")
private String secret;
public void sendMessage(String content) {
try {
Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret;
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256"));
byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
String sign = URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)),"UTF-8");
String serverUrl = webhook + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + sign;
DingTalkClient client = new DefaultDingTalkClient(serverUrl);
OapiRobotSendRequest request = new OapiRobotSendRequest();
request.setMsgtype("text");
OapiRobotSendRequest.Text text = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Text();
text.setContent(content);
request.setText(text);
client.execute(request);
} catch (ApiException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
}
AlarmController.java
package com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain.AlarmMessageDTO;
import com.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service.DingTalkAlarmService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author ChengJianSheng
* @date 2020/12/1
*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/skywalking")
public class AlarmController {
@Autowired
private DingTalkAlarmService dingTalkAlarmService;
@PostMapping("/alarm")
public void alarm(@RequestBody List<AlarmMessageDTO> alarmMessageDTOList) {
log.info("收到告警信息: {}", JSON.toJSONString(alarmMessageDTOList));
if (null != alarmMessageDTOList) {
alarmMessageDTOList.forEach(e->dingTalkAlarmService.sendMessage(MessageFormat.format("-----來自SkyWalking的告警-----\n【名稱】: {0}\n【消息】: {1}\n", e.getName(), e.getAlarmMessage())));
}
}
}
參考文檔:
https://skywalking.apache.org/
https://skywalking.apache.org/zh/\ https://github.com/apache/skywalking/tree/v8.2.0/docs
https://archive.apache.org/dist/
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/index.html
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/modules-discovery-bootstrap-cluster.html
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/modules-discovery-hosts-providers.html
感謝點贊!視頻教程地址:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1LT4y1L7md
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