Web服務基礎五之yum安裝配置LAMP環境+博客系統WordPress

Apache自己只支持靜態網頁，但目前的絕大多數網站都是動態Web站點，因此在實際應用中，Apache還必須得跟其它一些應用軟件配合使用，只有這樣才能構建一個高效可用的Web平臺，目前使用較多的是LAMP平臺（LAMP：Linux+Apace+MySQL+PHP）。在部署LAMP時，安裝的通常順序是Linux、Apache、MySQL、PHP，實際應用中，這些軟件也大都是採用源碼編譯的方式來安裝。

如下演示一個基本的LAMP環境搭建過程：

1、安裝軟件

一、RHEL6.3安裝、配置：

• 安裝見以前的文章：RHEL6基礎之四RHEL系統安裝

• 設置防火牆，開啓mysql port:3306 apache port:80

  [root@justin ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
  # Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
  # Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
  *filter
  :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
  :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
  :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
  -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
  -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
  COMMITTips

• 設置SELinux：這裏關閉SELinux，線上環境根據具體狀況設定
  

  [root@justin ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
  # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
  # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
  #     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
  #     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
  #     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
  #SELINUX=enforcing
  SELINUX=disabled
  # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
  #     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
  #     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
  #SELINUXTYPE=targeted
  [root@justin ~]# reboot

  Tips：SELinux設置爲disabled須要重啓機器才能生效，設置爲enforcing和permissive只須要重啓服務便可。

二、安裝Apache服務

[root@justin ~]# rpm -qa|grep httpd
[root@justin ~]# yum install httpd -y

   Tips：RHEL未註冊是沒法經過yum來安裝，這裏使用CentOS的yum，配置見以前的文章：RHEL6基礎二十三之RHEL使用centos的Yum源

[root@justin ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for justin
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
                                                           [  OK  ]
[root@justin ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
 276 ServerName localhost
[root@justin ~]# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on
[root@justin ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@justin ~]#

   Tips：Apache啓動以後會提示錯誤：正在啓動 httpd:httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualif domain name, using ::1 for ServerName ，修改配置文件276行爲本身域名或者修改成localhost。

三、安裝MySQL服務

• 安裝、啓動

  [root@justin ~]# yum install mysql mysql-server -y
  [root@justin ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
  Initializing MySQL database:  Installing MySQL system tables...
  OK
  Filling help tables...
  OK
  To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
  support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
  PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
  To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
  /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h justin password 'new-password'
  Alternatively you can run:
  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
  which will also give you the option of removing the test
  databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
  strongly recommended for production servers.
  See the manual for more instructions.
  You can start the MySQL daemon with:
  cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
  You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
  cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
  Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
                                                             [  OK  ]
  Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
  [root@justin ~]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
  [root@justin ~]#

• 拷貝配置文件、設置root帳戶密碼（該root非系統帳戶root）

[root@justin ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@justin ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y    --設置root密碼
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y    --移除匿名用戶
 ... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y  --不容許遠程經過root登錄
 ... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y  --移除測試數據庫
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y    --從新加載特權表
 ... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
[root@justin ~]#

Tips：怎麼修改數據庫密碼？遺忘數據庫密碼？ 這裏先不給出答案，先想下，稍後會經過微信平臺給出，或者微信平臺回覆「mysql root密碼」獲取答案，若是沒法獲取回覆能夠經過回覆「關鍵詞」來獲取相關問題關鍵詞，而後再回復該關鍵詞便可。

四、安裝PHP

[root@justin ~]# yum install php php-mysql -y
Dependency Installed:
  php-cli.i686 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5      php-common.i686 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5      php-pdo.i686 0:5.3.3-27.el6_5  
Complete!
[root@justin ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@justin ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@justin ~]#

瀏覽器裏輸入服務器IP地址就能夠查看到php的信息

Tips：apache默認的程序目錄是/var/www/html 權限設置：chown apache.apache -R /var/www/html ；chmod 700 -R /var/www/html/ 至此，RHEL6.3安裝配置LAMP服務器(Apache+PHP5+MySQL)完成，下面搭建博客系統wordpress

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2、搭建Wordpress博客系統

1、下載上傳軟件包

先在下載Wordpress軟件包，解壓wordpress包後使用WinSCP工具把wordpress-x.x.x-zh_CN\wordpress文件夾裏面的全部文件以二進制方式上到/var/www/html/目錄（上傳前刪除/var/www/html/下全部文件）2、建立wordpress數據庫

[root@justin ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.1.71-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@justin ~]#

3、安裝wordpress

點擊【建立配置文件】→【如今就開始】進入如下界面，根據實際狀況填寫，如下爲個人信息

填寫完後點擊【提交】→【進行安裝】出現如下界面，根據實際狀況填寫，如下爲個人信息

填寫完畢點擊【安裝wordpress】→點擊【登錄】→輸入賬號信息後進入博客管理界面

至此，RHEL 6.3編譯安裝LAMP+博客系統WordPress安裝完成

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