CentOS7源碼編譯安裝MySQL5.7

1、安裝準備

• MySQL官網 https://www.mysql.com/
• MySQL下載頁 https://dev.mysql.com/downloa...

2、下載MySQL

在MySQL下載頁，選擇MySQL的版本。

1. 選擇版本 MySQL Community Server 5.7.23
2. 選擇 Source Code
3. 選擇 Generic Linux (Architecture Independent)
4. 選擇帶boost版本的 mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
5. 複製連接地址

下載MySQL

yum -y install wget
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz

3、環境依賴

源碼方式安裝MySQL所需的環境依賴：

• cmake
• make
• gcc
• gcc-c++
• bison
• ncurses
• ncurses-devel（devel是開發版本）

yum -y install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel

4、安裝MySQL

1. 解壓mysql包

tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.23/

2. 建立編譯目錄

mkdir configure
cd configure

3. 生成編譯環境

cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF

結果：

-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/mysql-5.7.23/configure

可能遇到的問題：

• 問題1

MySQL currently requires boost_1_59_0...

解決：由於下載的帶boost的版本，只需指定正確的 -DWITH_BOOST 參數便可，以下

-DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/

若是是不帶boost的版本，須要本身下載，並移動至解壓的mysql-5.7.23目錄下，在生成編譯文件時，指定正確的 -DWITH_BOOST 參數便可

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz/download
tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mv boost_1_59_0 mysql-5.7.23

或者指定cmake參數，系統會本身下載

-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST

• 問題2

make[2]: *** [libmysqld/examples/mysql_client_test_embedded] 錯誤 1
make[1]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysql_client_test_embedded.dir/all] 錯誤 2

解決：添加如下參數

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF

4. 編譯安裝

整個過程可能須要點時間，耐心等待。

make && make install

5. 建立mysql用戶組和用戶

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

6. 設置權限

MySQL的安裝目錄爲 /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

7. 初始化數據庫

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

2018-07-29T19:09:18.304497Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-07-29T19:09:18.536280Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-07-29T19:09:18.586523Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.649604Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e49ee151-9362-11e8-ab75-08002739fe2b.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.653045Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.653886Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: A,uNFfDrd1yd

結果：生成了一個臨時密碼，這個要記錄下來。同時有個警告

TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated。

解決：

vim /etc/my.cnf

編輯配置文件，而後將 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true 寫入其中。

8. 將mysql加入系統服務

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql # 加入系統服務
chkconfig mysql on # 開機啓動

9. 嘗試開啓MySQL服務

service mysql start

遇到問題，以下：

Starting MySQL.2018-07-30T01:14:39.000931Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

解決：建立該文件便可

mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

再次開啓mysql服務

[root@localhost support-files]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

服務開啓成功了!

10. 登陸mysql

[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -p
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令

解決未找到命令問題

建立軟連接

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin

結果：

[root@localhost ~]# ll -a /usr/local/bin
總用量 0
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  19 7月  30 16:36 .
drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root 169 7月  30 02:58 ..
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root  26 7月  30 16:36 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

再次登陸：

遇到問題

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

解決方法

查找 mysql.sock 文件，發現存在於 /var/lib/mysql/ 目錄下。

[root@localhost ~]# find / -name 'mysql.sock'
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

再查看配置文件 my.cnf

[mysqld]
  2 datadir=/var/lib/mysql
  3 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  4 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

從配置文件看出socket值爲 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，那麼能夠建立軟連接到 /tmp/mysql.sock

ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

從新登陸mysql

若是在初始化數據庫時，沒有記錄生成的臨時密碼，那就得「暴力破解」了。

首先，關閉mysql服務

service mysql stop

接着，修改/etc/my.cnf，添加skip-grant-tables，以下

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

skip-grant-tables

而後，免密登陸並修改登陸密碼

mysql
# 設置帳戶密碼並退出
update user set authentication_string=password('PASSWORD') where user='root';
flush privileges;

最後，將/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables刪除或註釋掉。

重啓服務，使用密碼登陸

[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.23

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

提示重置自動生成的密碼：

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

修改root用戶的密碼

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

或者

mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

從新登陸MySQL

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.23 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

操做數據庫

show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

5、總結

好記性不如爛筆頭，得養成記錄的習慣了。