舒適提示:閱讀本文須要15-20分鐘(一大波代碼)
公衆號:顧林海(天天更新優質文章)php
今天,咱們來解決一個問題:java
Activity插件化原理第一種方案:Hook Instrumentationandroid
人生一切難題,知識給你答案。web
Activity的插件化解決的一個根本性問題就是插件中的Activity並無在宿主的AndroidManifest.xml中進行註冊,也就是說咱們須要啓動一個未註冊的Activity,所以須要對Activity的啓動過程有個瞭解。windows
啓動Activity時會請求AMS建立Activity,這裏的AMS指的是ActivityManagerService,AMS所屬的進程與宿主(發起者)不屬於同一個進程,AMS位於SystemServer進程中。app
應用程序進程與AMS之間的通訊是經過Binder來實現的,AMS要管理全部APP的啓動請求,所以咱們不能在SystemServer進程中進行相應的Hook,那麼咱們只能在應用進程中進行相應的Hook。ide
若是咱們啓動一個未註冊的Activity,AMS會去檢查AndroidManifest中是否註冊了該Activity,若是未註冊會報錯。ui
爲了讓AMS驗證經過,須要啓動一個預先在AndroidManifest中註冊的Activity,咱們稱之爲佔坑,在啓動插件Activity時替換爲佔坑Activity,達到一個欺上瞞下的做用,當AMS驗證經過以後,須要將啓動的佔坑Activity替換爲插件Activity。this
總結下來Activity的插件化須要作兩件事:spa
何時將插件Activity替換爲佔坑Activity?又是何時還原插件Activity?這須要咱們對Activity的啓動流程有個相應的認識。
咱們在Activity中調用startActivity方法以下:
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
this.startActivity(intent, null);
}
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (options != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
} else {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
}
}
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調用startActivityForResult方法:
public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {
//Activity啓動
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode, options);
if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(
mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(),
ar.getResultData());
}
if (requestCode >= 0) {
mStartedActivity = true;
}
cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
windows.
} else {
if (options != null) {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
} else {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
}
}
}
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startActivityForResult方法中經過調用mInstrumentation的execStartActivity方法來啓動Activity,這個mInstrumentation是Activity的成員變量,在ActivityThread的performLaunchActivity方法中經過Activity的attach方法傳入,同時Activity的建立也是在performLaunchActivity方法中建立的,經過mInstrumentation.newActivity。
//:/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java
private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
...
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = appContext.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
}
...
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback);
...
}
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綜上所述Instrumentation提供了execStartActivity方法來啓動Activity,newActivity方法來建立Activity。所以,第一種方案就是用代理Instrumentation來替代Activity的Instrumentation,並在代理Instrumentation的execStartActivity方法中替換爲佔坑Activity,在newActivity方法還原插件Activity。
如今咱們基於第一種方案Hook Instrumentation來實現Activity的插件化。
首先建立佔坑Activity:
public class StubActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_stub);
}
}
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建立插件Activity:
public class TargetActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_target);
}
}
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並在AndroidManifest.xml中註冊佔坑Activity:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" package="com.glh.haiproject01">
<application android:name=".MyApplication" android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" tools:ignore="AllowBackup,GoogleAppIndexingWarning">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".StubActivity" />
</application>
</manifest>
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在AndroidManifest.xml中沒有註冊插件Activity,這時若是啓動插件Activity會報錯。
最後Hook Instrumentation,將ActivityThread中的成員變量Instrumentation替換成代理的Instrumentation。
建立代理Instrumentation類:
public class InstrumentationProxy extends Instrumentation {
private Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
private PackageManager mPackageManager;
public InstrumentationProxy(Instrumentation instrumentation, PackageManager packageManager) {
this.mInstrumentation = instrumentation;
this.mPackageManager = packageManager;
}
public ActivityResult execStartActivity( Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target, Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = mPackageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_ALL);
//判斷啓動的插件Activity是否在AndroidManifest.xml中註冊過
if (null == resolveInfo || resolveInfo.size() == 0) {
//保存目標插件
intent.putExtra(HookHelper.REQUEST_TARGET_INTENT_NAME, intent.getComponent().getClassName());
//設置爲佔坑Activity
intent.setClassName(who, "com.glh.haiproject01.StubActivity");
}
try {
Method execStartActivity = Instrumentation.class.getDeclaredMethod("execStartActivity",
Context.class, IBinder.class, IBinder.class, Activity.class,
Intent.class, int.class, Bundle.class);
return (ActivityResult) execStartActivity.invoke(mInstrumentation, who, contextThread, token, target, intent, requestCode, options);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className, Intent intent) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
String intentName=intent.getStringExtra(HookHelper.REQUEST_TARGET_INTENT_NAME);
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(intentName)){
return super.newActivity(cl,intentName,intent);
}
return super.newActivity(cl,className,intent);
}
}
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代理類InstrumentationProxy的execStartActivity方法先判斷插件Activity是否在AndroidManifest.xml中註冊過,若是沒有註冊過就須要替換佔坑的Activity,在newActivity方法中還原插件Activity。
代理類InstrumentationProxy寫完後,須要對ActivityThread的成員變量mInstrumentation進行替換。
public class MyApplication extends Application {
@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
super.attachBaseContext(base);
hookActivityThreadInstrumentation();
}
private void hookActivityThreadInstrumentation(){
try {
Class<?> activityThreadClass=Class.forName("android.app.ActivityThread");
Field activityThreadField=activityThreadClass.getDeclaredField("sCurrentActivityThread");
activityThreadField.setAccessible(true);
//獲取ActivityThread對象sCurrentActivityThread
Object activityThread=activityThreadField.get(null);
Field instrumentationField=activityThreadClass.getDeclaredField("mInstrumentation");
instrumentationField.setAccessible(true);
//從sCurrentActivityThread中獲取成員變量mInstrumentation
Instrumentation instrumentation= (Instrumentation) instrumentationField.get(activityThread);
//建立代理對象InstrumentationProxy
InstrumentationProxy proxy=new InstrumentationProxy(instrumentation,getPackageManager());
//將sCurrentActivityThread中成員變量mInstrumentation替換成代理類InstrumentationProxy
instrumentationField.set(activityThread,proxy);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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這時咱們在主界面點擊跳轉插件Activity:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.btn_startActivity).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,TargetActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
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運行效果: