1、$()
.trigger()和$()
.triggerHandler() 的做用和區別node
(1)trigger("focus") 觸發被選元素上的指定事件(focus)以及事件的默認行爲(好比表單提交);
triggerHandler(xxx) 不會引發事件(好比表單提交)的默認行爲數組
(2)trigger(xxx) 觸發全部匹配元素的指定事件;
triggerHandler(xxx) 只觸發第一個匹配元素的指定事件app
(3)trigger(xxx) 會冒泡;
triggerHandler(xxx) 不會冒泡ide
2、$()
.trigger()this
$("#one").on("click",function () { console.log("one被點擊了") }) $("#one").trigger('click')
做用:
看 1、(1)spa
源碼:prototype
//觸發type事件,data是自定義事件的額外參數 //源碼9014行 trigger: function( type, data ) { return this.each( function() { jQuery.event.trigger( type, data, this ); } ); },
解析:
本質是調用的jQuery.event.trigger()
方法code
3、jQuery.event.trigger()regexp
源碼:對象
//源碼8850行 //type, data, this trigger: function( event, data, elem, onlyHandlers ) { var i, cur, tmp, bubbleType, ontype, handle, special, lastElement, //冒泡路徑數組 eventPath = [ elem || document ], //判斷event是否有'type'屬性,有則取event.type,沒有則取event type = hasOwn.call( event, "type" ) ? event.type : event, //同上 namespaces = hasOwn.call( event, "namespace" ) ? event.namespace.split( "." ) : []; //當前元素 cur = lastElement = tmp = elem = elem || document; //文本內容或者是註釋則不觸發事件 // Don't do events on text and comment nodes if ( elem.nodeType === 3 || elem.nodeType === 8 ) { return; } //由focus/blur轉變到focusin/out,如今不觸發focus/blur事件 // focus/blur morphs to focusin/out; ensure we're not firing them right now //rfocusMorph:focusin focus|focusout blur if ( rfocusMorph.test( type + jQuery.event.triggered ) ) { return; } //能夠不看 if ( type.indexOf( "." ) > -1 ) { // Namespaced trigger; create a regexp to match event type in handle() namespaces = type.split( "." ); type = namespaces.shift(); namespaces.sort(); } //onclick,onfocus等等 ontype = type.indexOf( ":" ) < 0 && "on" + type; //event通常是字符串,因此通常是undefined //獲取對應type類型的jQuery.event // Caller can pass in a jQuery.Event object, Object, or just an event type string event = event[ jQuery.expando ] ? event : //click,false new jQuery.Event( type, typeof event === "object" && event ); // Trigger bitmask: & 1 for native handlers; & 2 for jQuery (always true) //onlyHandlers通常爲undefined //3 event.isTrigger = onlyHandlers ? 2 : 3; //"" event.namespace = namespaces.join( "." ); //null event.rnamespace = event.namespace ? new RegExp( "(^|\\.)" + namespaces.join( "\\.(?:.*\\.|)" ) + "(\\.|$)" ) : null; //清空event以防它被複用 // Clean up the event in case it is being reused event.result = undefined; //target屬性爲目標DOM元素 //咱們通常取的e.target.value,也正是目標元素的值 if ( !event.target ) { event.target = elem; } //複製data並預先考慮event,建立handler集合 // Clone any incoming data and prepend the event, creating the handler arg list //簡單點,就是 data=[event] data = data == null ? [ event ] : jQuery.makeArray( data, [ event ] ); //賦值有須要特殊處理的type // Allow special events to draw outside the lines special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; if ( !onlyHandlers && special.trigger && special.trigger.apply( elem, data ) === false ) { return; } //提早肯定事件冒泡的路徑 // Determine event propagation path in advance, per W3C events spec (#9951) //冒泡至document,再到window;關注全局的ownerDocument // Bubble up to document, then to window; watch for a global ownerDocument var (#9724) if ( !onlyHandlers && !special.noBubble && !isWindow( elem ) ) { //click bubbleType = special.delegateType || type; //clickclick //若是不是focus/blur的話,獲取它的父元素 if ( !rfocusMorph.test( bubbleType + type ) ) { cur = cur.parentNode; } //for循環的語法(a; b; c) //a在單次循環開始前執行 //b是單次循環的條件(這裏即cur存在) //c是單次循環結束後執行 for ( ; cur; cur = cur.parentNode ) { console.log(cur,'cur8967') //將目標元素的祖先元素都push進數組 eventPath.push( cur ); tmp = cur; } //只有當tmp是document時,將window加上 // Only add window if we got to document (e.g., not plain obj or detached DOM) if ( tmp === ( elem.ownerDocument || document ) ) { eventPath.push( tmp.defaultView || tmp.parentWindow || window ); } } //觸發冒泡機制 // Fire handlers on the event path i = 0; //e.stopPropagation()這是阻止冒泡的方法 //isPropagationStopped() 檢查是否阻止冒泡了,返回boolean while ( ( cur = eventPath[ i++ ] ) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) { lastElement = cur; event.type = i > 1 ? bubbleType : special.bindType || type; console.log(i,'lastElement8987') // jQuery handler //( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] // 先判斷cur元素的events是否有綁定click //dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" ) //再獲取cur元素的click事件處理程序 //獲取目標元素的觸發事件的事件處理程序 handle = ( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] && //獲取觸發事件的處理程序 dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" ); /*讓冒泡元素執行handle,這行代碼是觸發冒泡機制的關鍵*/ /*在執行click事件的處理程序後,天然就會執行e.stopPropagation(), * 從而讓event.isPropagationStopped()=true*/ if ( handle ) { handle.apply( cur, data ); } //接下來處理原生的事件及處理程序 //click爲onclick // Native handler handle = ontype && cur[ ontype ]; //若是有綁定原生onclick事件的話 if ( handle && handle.apply && acceptData( cur ) ) { //執行onclick事件的處理程序 event.result = handle.apply( cur, data ); if ( event.result === false ) { //阻止元素的默認行爲(如提交表單submit) event.preventDefault(); } } } event.type = type; //若是沒有人阻止默認行爲的話,如今就阻止 /*好比觸發<a>的click事件,但不會跳轉*/ // If nobody prevented the default action, do it now if ( !onlyHandlers && !event.isDefaultPrevented() ) { if ( ( !special._default || special._default.apply( eventPath.pop(), data ) === false ) && acceptData( elem ) ) { //在目標上,用重複的命名調用原生DOM事件,會在window層面上影響其餘元素 // Call a native DOM method on the target with the same name as the event. // Don't do default actions on window, that's where global variables be (#6170) if ( ontype && isFunction( elem[ type ] ) && !isWindow( elem ) ) { //當咱們觸發FOO事件(如click)時,不要重複觸發它的onFOO(onclick)事件 // Don't re-trigger an onFOO event when we call its FOO() method tmp = elem[ ontype ]; //將jQuery對象的onclick屬性置爲null //好比<a>就不會去跳轉了 if ( tmp ) { elem[ ontype ] = null; } //阻止重複觸發一樣的事件,由於咱們已經把它冒泡了 // Prevent re-triggering of the same event, since we already bubbled it above jQuery.event.triggered = type; //若是已經執行阻止冒泡了,則爲window添加阻止冒泡的監聽 if ( event.isPropagationStopped() ) { lastElement.addEventListener( type, stopPropagationCallback ); } console.log(elem[ type ],'type9053') //執行type事件 elem[ type ](); if ( event.isPropagationStopped() ) { lastElement.removeEventListener( type, stopPropagationCallback ); } jQuery.event.triggered = undefined; if ( tmp ) { elem[ ontype ] = tmp; } } } } return event.result; },
解析:
(1)trigger()的冒泡機制的實現
在if ( !onlyHandlers && !special.noBubble && !isWindow( elem ) )
中,經過eventPath
存儲目標元素的祖先元素:
//clickclick //若是不是focus/blur的話,獲取它的父元素 if ( !rfocusMorph.test( bubbleType + type ) ) { cur = cur.parentNode; } //for循環的語法(a; b; c) //a在單次循環開始前執行 //b是單次循環的條件(這裏即cur存在) //c是單次循環結束後執行 for ( ; cur; cur = cur.parentNode ) { console.log(cur,'cur8967') //將目標元素的祖先元素都push進數組 eventPath.push( cur ); tmp = cur; } //只有當tmp是document時,將window加上 // Only add window if we got to document (e.g., not plain obj or detached DOM) if ( tmp === ( elem.ownerDocument || document ) ) { eventPath.push( tmp.defaultView || tmp.parentWindow || window ); }
經過eventPath.push(cur. parentNode)
將冒泡元素裝進數組中,並經過while
循環觸發冒泡機制:
//觸發冒泡機制 // Fire handlers on the event path i = 0; //e.stopPropagation()這是阻止冒泡的方法 //isPropagationStopped() 檢查是否阻止冒泡了,返回boolean while ( ( cur = eventPath[ i++ ] ) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) { lastElement = cur; event.type = i > 1 ? bubbleType : special.bindType || type; console.log(i,'lastElement8987') // jQuery handler //( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] // 先判斷cur元素的events是否有綁定click //dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" ) //再獲取cur元素的click事件處理程序 //獲取目標元素的觸發事件的事件處理程序 handle = ( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] && //獲取觸發事件的處理程序 dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" ); /*讓冒泡元素執行handle,這行代碼是觸發冒泡機制的關鍵*/ /*在執行click事件的處理程序後,天然就會執行e.stopPropagation(), * 從而讓event.isPropagationStopped()=true*/ if ( handle ) { handle.apply( cur, data ); } //接下來處理原生的事件及處理程序 //click爲onclick // Native handler handle = ontype && cur[ ontype ]; //若是有綁定原生onclick事件的話 if ( handle && handle.apply && acceptData( cur ) ) { //執行onclick事件的處理程序 event.result = handle.apply( cur, data ); if ( event.result === false ) { //阻止元素的默認行爲(如提交表單submit) event.preventDefault(); } } }
關鍵代碼是handle.apply( cur, data )
,它用來執行cur元素的事件的處理程序。
(2)經過e.stopPropagation()
來阻止冒泡的原理:
<body> <script src="jQuery.js"></script> <div id="one">這是one</div> <script> $("#one").click(function(e){ //將handle.apply( cur, data );註釋後,冒泡不生效 e.stopPropagation() console.log('one被點擊了') }) $("body").click(function(){ console.log('body被點擊了') }) //執行trigger()後,會打印one被點擊了和body被點擊了 $("#one").trigger('click') </script> </body>
① 上面這段代碼會先執行$("#one").trigger('click')
② trigger()裏會執行到上面(1)的handle.apply( cur, data );
,而handle
會執行$("#one")
的click
事件的處理程序:
e.stopPropagation() console.log('one被點擊了')
③ e.stopPropagation()
走的是這裏:
//event的屬性賦值 //源碼5749行 jQuery.Event.prototype = { constructor: jQuery.Event, //xxx isPropagationStopped: returnFalse, //false //xxx //xxx //當執行e.stopPropagation()後走這邊 //源碼5767行 stopPropagation: function() { var e = this.originalEvent; //isPropagationStopped方法返回true this.isPropagationStopped = returnTrue; if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) { e.stopPropagation(); } }, }
最後讓isPropagationStopped()
方法返回true
④ 注意:$()
.trigger()裏的event
也就是click
裏的event
,因此會影響到while
循環地判斷,從而達到阻止冒泡循環的 目的
while ( ( cur = eventPath[ i++ ] ) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) { }
⑤ 爲何說click
裏的event
是$()
.trigger()裏的event
?
//event通常是字符串,因此通常是undefined //獲取對應type類型的jQuery.event // Caller can pass in a jQuery.Event object, Object, or just an event type string event = event[ jQuery.expando ] ? event : //click,false new jQuery.Event( type, typeof event === "object" && event );
由於 event 是根據type(click)
類型生成的,因此trigger
裏的event
的部分屬性和click
的event
屬性相同。
(3)原生js綁定的事件的執行,如onclick
$("#one").click(function(e){ console.log('one被點擊了') }) document.getElementById("one").onclick=function(){ console.log('onclick被點擊了') }
仍是在while
循環中:
//接下來處理原生的事件及處理程序 //click爲onclick // Native handler handle = ontype && cur[ ontype ]; //若是有綁定原生onclick事件的話 if ( handle && handle.apply && acceptData( cur ) ) { //執行onclick事件的處理程序 event.result = handle.apply( cur, data ); if ( event.result === false ) { //阻止元素的默認行爲(如提交表單submit) event.preventDefault(); } }
也就是說:
在冒泡循環機制中,在執行完jQuery綁定的handler
後,會接着執行原生JS 綁定的handler
!
(4)rfocusMorph
//匹配focusinfocus或者focusoutblur //源碼8872行 var rfocusMorph = /^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/,
(5)jQuery.makeArray()
做用:
用於將一個相似數組的對象轉換爲真正的數組對象
注意:
類數組對象具備許多數組的屬性(例如length屬性,[]數組訪問運算符等),不過它畢竟不是數組,缺乏從數組的原型對象上繼承下來的內置方法(例如:pop()、reverse()等)。
源碼:
//結果僅供內部使用 // results is for internal usage only //源碼442行 makeArray: function( arr, results ) { var ret = results || []; if ( arr != null ) { //Object()等效於new Object() //先將arr轉爲對象類型,由於js中的array是Object if ( isArrayLike( Object( arr ) ) ) { //將second合併到first後面 jQuery.merge( ret, typeof arr === "string" ? [ arr ] : arr ); } else { //ret.push(arr) push.call( ret, arr ); } } //返回array return ret; },
① $
.isArrayLike
做用:
判斷是否是類數組
源碼:
//判斷是否是類數組 //源碼561行 function isArrayLike( obj ) { // Support: real iOS 8.2 only (not reproducible in simulator) // `in` check used to prevent JIT error (gh-2145) // hasOwn isn't used here due to false negatives // regarding Nodelist length in IE //後兩個是兼容性考慮的判斷 var length = !!obj && "length" in obj && obj.length, //obj類型 type = toType( obj ); if ( isFunction( obj ) || isWindow( obj ) ) { return false; } return type === "array" || length === 0 || typeof length === "number" && length > 0 && ( length - 1 ) in obj; }
(6)最後一個if,觸發trigger()時,阻止jQuery元素的默認行爲
if ( !onlyHandlers && !event.isDefaultPrevented() ){ xxx xxx }
綜上,trigger一共作了三件事:
(1)觸發冒泡機制
(2)觸發原生綁定事件
(3)阻止元素默認行爲
最後,附上本身整理的觸發 trigger() 的流程圖:
(完)