上一篇文章,講述瞭如何經過RestTemplate+Ribbon去消費服務,這篇文章主要講述如何經過Feign去消費服務。html
Feign是一個聲明式的僞Http客戶端,它使得寫Http客戶端變得更簡單。使用Feign,只須要建立一個接口並註解。它具備可插拔的註解特性,可以使用Feign 註解和JAX-RS註解。Feign支持可插拔的編碼器和解碼器。Feign默認集成了Ribbon,並和Eureka結合,默認實現了負載均衡的效果。git
簡而言之:github
繼續用上一節的工程, 啓動eureka-server,端口爲8761; 啓動service-hi 兩次,端口分別爲8762 、8773.web
新建一個spring-boot工程,取名爲serice-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client、Web的起步依賴spring-boot-starter-web,代碼以下:spring
1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 2 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 3 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 4 5 <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> 6 <artifactId>service-feign</artifactId> 7 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 8 <packaging>jar</packaging> 9 10 <name>service-feign</name> 11 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 12 13 14 <parent> 15 <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> 16 <artifactId>sc-f-chapter3</artifactId> 17 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 18 </parent> 19 20 <dependencies> 21 <dependency> 22 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 23 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> 24 </dependency> 25 <dependency> 26 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 27 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 28 </dependency> 29 <dependency> 30 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 31 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> 32 </dependency> 33 </dependencies> 34 35 </project>
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件,指定程序名爲service-feign,端口號爲8765,服務註冊地址爲http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,代碼以下:apache
1 eureka: 2 client: 3 serviceUrl: 4 defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ 5 server: 6 port: 8765 7 spring: 8 application: 9 name: service-feign
在程序的啓動類ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients註解開啓Feign的功能:瀏覽器
1 @SpringBootApplication 2 @EnableEurekaClient 3 @EnableDiscoveryClient 4 @EnableFeignClients 5 public class ServiceFeignApplication { 6 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 SpringApplication.run( ServiceFeignApplication.class, args ); 9 } 10 }
定義一個feign接口,經過@ FeignClient(「服務名」),來指定調用哪一個服務。好比在代碼中調用了service-hi服務的「/hi」接口,代碼以下:微信
1 2 @FeignClient(value = "service-hi") 3 public interface SchedualServiceHi { 4 @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) 5 String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name); 6 }
在Web層的controller層,對外暴露一個」/hi」的API接口,經過上面定義的Feign客戶端SchedualServiceHi 來消費服務。代碼以下:app
1 @RestController 2 public class HiController { 3 4 5 //編譯器報錯,無視。 由於這個Bean是在程序啓動的時候注入的,編譯器感知不到,因此報錯。 6 @Autowired 7 SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; 8 9 @GetMapping(value = "/hi") 10 public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name) { 11 return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne( name ); 12 } 13 }
啓動程序,屢次訪問http://localhost:8765/hi?name=forezp,瀏覽器交替顯示:負載均衡
hi forezp,i am from port:8762
hi forezp,i am from port:8763
Feign源碼解析:http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/73480304
本文源碼下載:
https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/sc-f-chapter3
本文參考瞭如下:
http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Finchley.RELEASE/single/spring-cloud.html
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