上一篇文章,講述瞭如何經過RestTemplate+Ribbon去消費服務,這篇文章主要講述如何經過Feign去消費服務。html
Feign是一個聲明式的僞Http客戶端,它使得寫Http客戶端變得更簡單。使用Feign,只須要建立一個接口並註解。它具備可插拔的註解特性,可以使用Feign 註解和JAX-RS註解。Feign支持可插拔的編碼器和解碼器。Feign默認集成了Ribbon,並和Eureka結合,默認實現了負載均衡的效果。
簡而言之:java
繼續用上一節的工程, 啓動eureka-server,端口爲8761; 啓動service-hi 兩次,端口分別爲8762 、8773.web
新建一個spring-boot工程,取名爲service-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依賴spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client、Web的起步依賴spring-boot-starter-web,代碼以下:spring
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter3</artifactId> <groupId>com.tugohost</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.tugohost</groupId> <artifactId>service-feign</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
目錄結構;
apache
在工程的配置文件application.yml
文件,指定程序名爲service-feign,端口號爲8765,服務註冊地址爲http://localhost:8761/eureka/ ,代碼以下:瀏覽器
eureka: client: service-url: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ server: port: 8765 spring: application: name: service-feign
在程序的啓動類ServiceFeignApplication
,加上@EnableFeignClients註解開啓Feign的功能:app
/** * @author: Tu9ohost */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class ServiceFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class,args); } }
service層定義一個feign接口,經過@ FeignClient(「服務名」),來指定調用哪一個服務。好比在代碼中調用了service-hi服務的「/hi」接口,代碼以下:負載均衡
/** * @author: Tu9ohost */ @FeignClient(value = "service-hi") public interface SchedualServiceHi { @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name); }
在Web層的controller層,對外暴露一個"/hi"的API接口,經過上面定義的Feign客戶端SchedualServiceHi 來消費服務。代碼以下:maven
/** * @author: Tu9ohost */ @RestController public class HiController { @Autowired SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; @GetMapping(value = "/hi") public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){ return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name); } }
啓動程序,屢次訪問http://localhost:8765/hi?name=tugohost,瀏覽器交替顯示:spring-boot
hi tugohost,i am from port:8762 hi tugohost,i am from port:8763