Supervisor使用教程

時間 2019-12-12

標籤 supervisor 使用教程简体版

原文原文鏈接

在項目中，常常有腳本須要常駐運行的需求。以PHP腳本爲例，最簡單的方式是：php

$ nohup php cli.php &

這樣能保證當前終端被關閉或者按CRTL+C後，腳本仍在後臺運行。可是無法保證腳本異常後自動重啓等。html

Supervisor 是用Python開發的一套通用的進程管理程序，能將一個普通的命令行進程變爲後臺daemon，並監控進程狀態，異常退出時能自動重啓。python

官網介紹：http://supervisord.org/linux

本文所用環境：git

CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
Python 2.6.6
pip 7.1.0 from /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages (python 2.6)
supervisor 3.3.4

安裝

平臺要求

引自官網（http://supervisord.org/introduction.html#platform-requirements）：github

Supervisor已通過測試，能夠在Linux（Ubuntu 9.10），Mac OS X（10.4 / 10.5 / 10.6）和Solaris（10 for Intel）和FreeBSD 6.1上運行。它可能在大多數UNIX系統上都能正常工做。在任何版本的Windows下，Supervisor 都不會運行。Supervisor 可使用Python 2.4或更高版本，但不能在任何版本的Python 3下使用。web

我使用的環境：docker

$ python -V
Python 2.6.6

安裝

安裝方法有：
一、easy_install 安裝（需安裝有pip）：瀏覽器

$ easy_install supervisor

二、pip 安裝（需安裝有pip，推薦）：bash

$ pip install supervisor

三、Debian / Ubuntu能夠直接經過apt安裝：

$ apt-get install supervisor

本文測試的時候是使用pip安裝的。其它方式未作測試。

安裝後配置文件生成：

一、經過easy_install或pip安裝後，須要運行

$ mkdir /etc/supervisor
$ echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf

生成配置文件。

二、使用apt-get安裝後，supervisor的主配置文件在：

/etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf

supervisor的配置文件默認是不全的。子進程配置文件在：

/etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf

啓動supervisor

咱們先修改supervisord.conf最後的[include]部分配置：

[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf

這樣就能夠支持子配置文件，而不用改動主配置文件。

啓動方法通常有：

一、使用 pip或者easy_install 安裝的supervisor則：

$ supervisord

便可運行。

supervisor 默認在如下路徑查找配置文件：/usr/etc/supervisord.conf, /usr/supervisord.conf, supervisord.conf, etc/supervisord.conf, /etc/supervisord.conf, /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf

如需指定主配置文件，則須要使用-c參數：

$ supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf

查看安裝的版本：

$ supervisord -v
3.3.4

而後查看supervisor的狀態：

$ supervisorctl  status

注： supervisord是主進程，supervisorctl是給守護進程發送命令的客戶端工具。

二、使用 apt-get 安裝的supervisor直接能夠經過

$ /etc/init.d/supervisor start

運行。

使用示例

咱們以簡單的 /tmp/echo_time.sh 爲例：

#/bin/bash

while true; do
    echo `date +%Y-%m-%d,%H:%m:%s`
    sleep 2
done

在/etc/supervisor/conf.d/新增子進程配置文件 echo_time.conf：

[program:echo_time]
command=sh /tmp/echo_time.sh
priority=999                ; the relative start priority (default 999)
autostart=true              ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true            ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=10                ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 10)
startretries=3              ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2               ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT             ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10             ; max num secs to wait before SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                 ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
log_stdout=true
log_stderr=true             ; if true, log program stderr (def false)
logfile=/tmp/echo_time.log
logfile_maxbytes=1MB        ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
logfile_backups=10          ; # of logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=20MB  ; stdout 日誌文件大小，默認 50MB
stdout_logfile_backups=20     ; stdout 日誌文件備份數
stdout_logfile=/tmp/echo_time.stdout.log

而後啓動程序：

$ supervisorctl reread
$ supervisorctl update

這兩個命令分別表明從新讀取配置、更新子進程組。執行update後輸出：

echo_time: added process group

這樣剛纔添加的echo_time腳本就常駐運行起來了。能夠經過日誌查看運行狀況：

$ tail -f /tmp/echo_time.stdout.log
2018-12-22,14:12:1545459550
2018-12-22,14:12:1545459552
2018-12-22,14:12:1545459554

也可使用supervisorctl status查看子進程運行狀況：

$ supervisorctl  status
echo_time                        RUNNING   pid 28206, uptime 0:00:11

配置文件

主配置

主配置文件名： supervisord.conf

能夠經過運行echo_supervisord_conf得到。這個配置文件通常狀況下不須要更改，除了最後的[include]部分，其他保持默認便可。

[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock   ; the path to the socket file
;chmod=0700                 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup       ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user              ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123               ; default is no password (open server)

;[inet_http_server]         ; 配置web後臺
;port=127.0.0.1:9001        ; 指定ip_address:port, 使用 *:port 監聽全部 IP
;username=user              ; 默認沒有用戶名 (open server)
;password=123               ; 默認沒有密碼 (open server)

[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; 日誌文件; 默認 $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB        ; 日誌文件最大大小; 默認 50MB
logfile_backups=10           ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info                ; log level; default info; others: debug,warn,trace
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; pid文件
nodaemon=false               ; 是否運行在前臺; 默認是後臺
minfds=1024                  ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200                 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022                   ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=chrism                 ; default is current user, required if root
;identifier=supervisor       ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp              ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true              ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp            ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value"     ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false            ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false

; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work.  Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.

[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

; 配置 supervisorctl 
; configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.

[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL  for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris              ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;password=123                ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;prompt=mysupervisor         ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history  ; use readline history if available

; 下面是子進程配置文件示例
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.

;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat              ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp                ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022                     ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true          ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values.  Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.

;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener    ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT                  ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10                ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp                ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022                     ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1                   ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected        ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism                   ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false         ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path        ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO                ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample group section below shows all possible group values.  Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.

;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2  ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)

; 配置include files
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting.  This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines).  It can also contain wildcards.  The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file.  Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.

[include]  
; .ini和.conf都支持
files = relative/directory/*.ini

子進程配置文件

通常放在：/etc/supervisor/conf.d/目錄。一個腳本對應一個配置文件。

配置說明：

;*爲必須填寫項
;*[program:應用名稱]
[program:cat]

;*命令路徑,若是使用python啓動的程序應該爲 python /home/test.py, 
;不建議放入/home/user/, 對於非user用戶通常狀況下是不能訪問
command=/bin/cat

;當numprocs爲1時,process_name=%(program_name)s;
當numprocs>=2時,%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d
process_name=%(program_name)s

;進程數量
numprocs=1

;執行目錄,如有/home/supervisor_test/test1.py
;將directory設置成/home/supervisor_test
;則command只需設置成python test1.py
;不然command必須設置成絕對執行目錄
directory=/tmp

;掩碼:--- -w- -w-, 轉換後rwx r-x w-x
umask=022

;優先級,值越高,最後啓動,最早被關閉,默認值999
priority=999

;若是是true,當supervisor啓動時,程序將會自動啓動
autostart=true

;*自動重啓
autorestart=true

;啓動延時執行,默認1秒
startsecs=10

;啓動嘗試次數,默認3次
startretries=3

;當退出碼是0,2時,執行重啓,默認值0,2
exitcodes=0,2

;中止信號,默認TERM
;中斷:INT(相似於Ctrl+C)(kill -INT pid),退出後會將寫文件或日誌(推薦)
;終止:TERM(kill -TERM pid)
;掛起:HUP(kill -HUP pid),注意與Ctrl+Z/kill -stop pid不一樣
;從容中止:QUIT(kill -QUIT pid)
;KILL, USR1, USR2其餘見命令(kill -l),說明1
stopsignal=TERM

stopwaitsecs=10

;*以root用戶執行
user=root

;重定向
redirect_stderr=false

stdout_logfile=/a/path
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB
stdout_logfile_backups=10
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB
stderr_logfile=/a/path
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB
stderr_logfile_backups=10
stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB

;環境變量設置
environment=A="1",B="2"

serverurl=AUTO

簡化模板

[program:echo_time]
command=sh /tmp/echo_time.sh
autostart=true
autorestart=true
startsecs=10
startretries=3 
exitcodes=0,2
stopsignal=QUIT
stopwaitsecs=10
user=root
log_stdout=true
log_stderr=true
logfile=/tmp/echo_time.log
logfile_maxbytes=1MB
logfile_backups=10 
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=20MB 
stdout_logfile_backups=20 
stdout_logfile=/tmp/echo_time.stdout.log

防盜版聲明：本文系原創文章，發佈於公衆號飛鴻影的博客(fhyblog)及博客園，轉載需做者贊成。

命令行程序

supervisord

supervisord 是主進程。

經過supervisord -h能夠查看幫助說明。示例：

-c/--configuration FILENAME ;指定配置文件
-n/--nodaemon ;運行在前臺（調試用）
-v/--version ;打印版本信息

-u/--user USER ;以指定用戶（或用戶ID）運行
-m/--umask UMASK ;指定子進程的umask，默認是022
-l/--logfile FILENAME ;指定日誌文件
-e/--loglevel LEVEL ;指定日誌級別

supervisorctl

supervisorctl 是客戶端程序，用於向supervisord發起命令。

經過supervisorctl -h能夠查看幫助說明。咱們主要關心的是其action命令：

$ supervisorctl  help

default commands (type help <topic>):
=====================================
add    exit      open  reload  restart   start   tail   
avail  fg        pid   remove  shutdown  status  update 
clear  maintail  quit  reread  signal    stop    version

這些命令對於控制子進程很是重要。示例:

reread ;從新加載配置文件
update ;將配置文件裏新增的子進程加入進程組，若是設置了autostart=true則會啓動新新增的子進程
status ;查看全部進程狀態
status <name> ;查看指定進程狀態
start all; 啓動全部子進程
start <name>; 啓動指定子進程
restart all; 重啓全部子進程
restart <name>; 重啓指定子進程
stop all; 中止全部子進程
stop <name>; 中止指定子進程
reload ;重啓supervisord
add <name>; 添加子進程到進程組
reomve <name>; 從進程組移除子進程，須要先stop。注意：移除後，須要使用reread和update才能從新運行該進程

supervisord 有進程組(process group)的概念：只有子進程在進程組，才能被運行。

supervisorctl也支持交互式命令行：

$ supervisorctl
echo_time                        RUNNING   pid 27188, uptime 0:05:09
supervisor> version
3.3.4
supervisor>

web界面操做

須要開啓supervisord.conf註釋掉的這4行：

[inet_http_server]         ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
port=127.0.0.1:9001        ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface
username=user              ; default is no username (open server)
password=123               ; default is no password (open server)

端口默認是監聽127.0.0.1:9001，這裏方便測試，修改成：

port=*:9001

而後重啓主進程supervisord：

$ supervisorctl reload

瀏覽器訪問：http://myip:9001 ，輸入用戶名、密碼後，便可看到web頁面：

注意：若是修改配置文件時，[inet_http_server]這一行被註釋，會致使不只web須要認證，命令行使用supervisorctl也須要認證，這時候就須要在交互式命令行裏輸入用戶名、密碼才能進行下一步的操做。

其它問題

一、Centos6 docker環境沒有pip

解決方案：須要先安裝擴展源EPEL。

EPEL(http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) 是由 Fedora 社區打造，爲 RHEL 及衍生髮行版如 CentOS、Scientific Linux 等提供高質量軟件包的項目。

首先安裝epel擴展源：

$ yum -y install epel-release

而後再安裝pip

$ yum -y install python-pip

查看版本：

$ pip -V
pip 7.1.0 from /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages (python 2.6)

參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/saolv/p/6963314.html

二、Centos6環境安裝supervisor後，執行：

$ supervisor -V

出現：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/echo_supervisord_conf", line 5, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 2603, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 666, in require
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 565, in resolve
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: meld3>=0.6.5

緣由：pip安裝的meld3不可用，手動安裝。

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/m/meld3/meld3-1.0.2.tar.gz
tar -zxf meld3-1.0.2.tar.gz
cd meld3-1.0.2
python setup.py install

感謝https://www.cnblogs.com/hubery/p/5653007.html 文章提供的方法！這個問題困擾了很久，github頁面（https://github.com/Supervisor/meld3/issues/23）提供的解決方案都不可行，反而致使pip都不能用了。

三、因參考github裏meld3解決方案致使pip不可用：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip", line 5, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 957, in <module>
    class Environment:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 961, in Environment
    self, search_path=None, platform=get_supported_platform(),
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 188, in get_supported_platform
    plat = get_build_platform()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 391, in get_build_platform
    from sysconfig import get_platform
ImportError: No module named sysconfig

解決方案：刪除/site-packages下面的包，從新安裝python-setuptools：

rm -rf /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pkg_resources*
yum reinstall python-setuptools

參考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50742538/importerror-no-module-named-sysconfig-cant-get-pip-working

四、輸入supervisord 命令後報錯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/supervisord", line 6, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3019, in <module>
    @_call_aside
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3003, in _call_aside
    f(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3032, in _initialize_master_working_set
    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 655, in _build_master
    ws.require(__requires__)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 963, in require
    needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 849, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: The 'supervisor==3.2.0' distribution was not found and is required by the application

解決：

一、查找supervisord在哪

whereis supervisord

supervisord: /usr/local/bin/supervisord

二、執行

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/supervisord

緣由是supervisor 正常被卸載，supervisord 並無被正常卸載。

也能夠指定錯誤版本從新安裝：

pip install supervisor==3.2.0

詳情：https://hooklife.me/linux/Supervisor%E5%9C%A8deepin%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E3%80%81%E5%8D%B8%E8%BD%BD%E4%B8%8E%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8/

參考

一、Supervisor: A Process Control System — Supervisor 3.3.4 documentation http://supervisord.org/index.html 二、進程管理supervisor的簡單說明 - jyzhou - 博客園 https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujinyi/p/6073705.html 三、DevOps https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mqrkAEaGFKJy-4PQadJJ9w? 四、supervisor使用 - 回首鄭板橋 - 博客園 https://www.cnblogs.com/hubery/p/5653007.html

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