1、命令行輸入輸出操做html
一、命令行輸出:前端
/application/elk/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { stdout{} }'java
說明:nginx
a、stdin{}[標準輸入] 正則表達式
b、stdout{}[標準輸出]redis
二、以json格式展現,在logstash中等號用 => 表示docker
/application/elk/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { stdout{ codec => rubydebug} }'apache
三、輸出到esjson
a、要使用按照自定義方式根據當前時間生成索引的方式來輸入到es必須開啓 manage_template => true此參數,如使用logstash默認的logstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd} 則能夠不用打開此參數,這個問題困擾了一下午。緩存
/application/elk/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"] index => "wohaoshuai-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"} manage_template => true}'
若是不使用manage_template => true參數會報錯以下:
[406] {"error":"Content-Type header [text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1] is not supported","status":406} {:class=>"Elasticsearch::Transport::Transport::Errors::NotAcceptable", :level=>:error}
b、若是隻是本身命名的index則不須要添加manage_template參數。
/application/elk/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{ } } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"] index => "wohaoshuaitest"} }'
四、既輸出到es又輸出到屏幕:
/application/elk/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{ } } output { stdout { codec => rubydebug } elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"] index => "wohaoshuaitest"} }'
五、要刪除後從新生成index收集須要刪除相應的記錄
rm -rf /application/elk/logstash/data/plugins/inputs/file/.sincedb_*
六、nginx日誌格式設置:
log_format access_log_json '{"user_ip":"$http_x_real_ip","lan_ip":"$remote_addr","log_time":"$time_iso8601","user_req":"$request","http_code":"$status","body_bytes_sent":"$body_bytes_sent","req_time":"$request_time","user_ua":"$http_user_agent"}';
七、filter
a、grok:對咱們收進來的事件進行過濾。
利用正則表達式進行匹配進行字段的拆分,所以grok提供了一下預約義的正則表達式,logstash 5.6.1相應的文件在路徑 /application/elk/logstash/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.3.0/gems/logstash-patterns-core-4.1.2/patterns下
簡單的grok案例:
下面匹配的內容爲:55.3.244.1 GET /index.html 15824 0.043
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/http.log" } } filter { grok { match => { "message" => "%{IP:client} %{WORD:method} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} %{NUMBER:bytes} %{NUMBER:duration}" } #這一行的意思是,將消息按照logstash提供的正則字段匹配,而後將匹配的內容的字段命名爲冒號後面自定義的名字 } }
b、收集http日誌,使用軟件自定義的阿帕奇系統日誌正則就能夠,文件在/application/elk/logstash/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.3.0/gems/logstash-patterns-core-4.1.2/patterns/httpd中
如圖
其中截圖中序號1的意思是引用序號2中的匹配字段,而後又引用了兩次QS匹配字段,QS匹配字段在同目錄下的grok-patterns中
c、debuger地址http://grokdebug.herokuapp.com(需FQ)
2、公司架構設計
一、每一個ES上面都啓動一個Kibana
二、Kibana都連本身的ES
三、前端Nginx負載均衡+ ip_hash + 驗證 +ACL
3、rsyslog記錄
一、系統日誌配置文件在/etc/rsyslog.conf中
二、配置文件中路徑前面加 - 是爲了避免讓日誌立馬寫到文件中而是先進行緩存,在不少系統優化中都使用到。
三、要打開系統日誌收集功能須要以下操做:
a、sed -i 's/#*.* @@remote-host:514/*.* @@192.168.30.42:514/g' /etc/rsyslog.conf
b、 systemctl restart rsyslog
四、手動產生系統日誌方法
logger hehe
4、tcp日誌收集
一、給tcp端口發送消息方法
yum install -y nc
a、方法1:
echo "wohaoshuai" | nc 192.168.56.12 6666
b、方法2:
nc 192.168.30.42 6666 < /etc/resolv.conf
c、方法3:僞設備的方式
echo "wohaoshuai" > /dev/tcp/192.168.30.42/6666
5、收集http日誌架構
6、使用elk進行日誌收集需求與思路
一、需求分析:
a、訪問日誌: apache訪問日誌、nginx訪問日誌、tomcat file - filter
b、錯誤日誌:error log 、java日誌 只接收,java異常須要處理
c、系統日誌:/var/log/* syslog syslog,rsyslog
d、運行日誌:程序寫的 file,json
e、網絡日誌:防火牆,交換機,路由器的日誌 syslog
二、標準化:日誌放哪裏 (/application/logs),格式是什麼(JSON),命名規則 access_log error_log runtime_log 日誌怎麼切割,按天 按小時。access error crontab進行切分 runtime_log,全部的原始文本 rsync到NAS(文件服務器)後刪除最近三天前的。
三、工具化:如何使用logstash進行收集方案
四、若是使用redis list 做爲ELKstack的消息隊列,那麼請對全部list key的長度進行監控 llen key_name
a、根據實際狀況,例如超過10萬就報警。
7、相應logstash配置文件
一、stdin調試
input{
stdin{}
}
filter{
}
output{
#elasticsearch plugin
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
二、file插件
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/messages","/var/log/secure"]
#type => "system-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
filter{
}
output{
#elasticsearch plugin
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "system-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
三、使用type判斷
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/messages","/var/log/secure"]
type => "system-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file{
path => ["/application/elk/elasticsearch/logs/elk-elasticsearch.log"]
type => "es-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
filter{
}
output{
#elasticsearch plugin
if [type] == "system-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "system-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
if [type] == "es-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "es-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
四、收集某個目錄下的全部日誌
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/messages","/var/log/secure"]
type => "system-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file{
path => ["/application/elk/elasticsearch/logs/elk-elasticsearch.log"]
type => "es-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file{
path => ["/application/elk/elasticsearch/logs/**/*.log"]
type => "docker-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
filter{
}
output{
#elasticsearch plugin
if [type] == "system-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "system-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
if [type] == "es-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "es-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
if [type] == "docker-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "docker-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
五、匹配與合併
input{
stdin {
codec => multiline
{
pattern => "^\[" #匹配這個正則
negate => true #匹配到這個正則後,能夠爲true或false
what => "previous" #和上面這一行合併起來。 還有一個值爲next,和下面這一行合併起來.
}
}
}
filter{
}
output{
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
六、綜合後寫入es
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/messages","/var/log/secure"]
type => "system-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file{
path => ["/application/elk/elasticsearch/logs/elk-elasticsearch.log"]
type => "es-log"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file{
path => ["/application/elk/elasticsearch/logs/containers/**/*.log"]
type => "docker-log"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline
{
pattern => "^\{" #匹配這個正則
negate => true #匹配到這個正則後,能夠爲true或false
what => "previous" #和上面這一行合併起來。 還有一個值爲next,和下面這一行合併起來.
}
}
}
filter{
}
output{
#elasticsearch plugin
if [type] == "system-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "system-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
if [type] == "es-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "es-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
if [type] == "docker-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "docker-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
七、收集nginx日誌,並轉換成json格式輸出到es,nginx日誌格式見本章 一.6
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/nginx/access_log_json.log"]
start_position => "beginning"
codec => "json"
type => "nginx-log"
}
}
filter{
}
output{
if [type] == "nginx-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "nginx-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
八、收集系統日誌
input{
syslog{
type => "system-syslog"
port => 514
}
}
filter{
}
output{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "system-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM}"
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
九、收集tcp日誌
input{
tcp{
type => "tcp"
port => "6666"
mode => "server" #還有一個client
}
}
filter{
}
output{
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
十、filter匹配與篩選字段
input{
stdin{
#輸入內容爲:55.3.244.1 GET /index.html 15824 0.043
}
}
filter{
grok {
match => { "message" => "%{IP:client} %{WORD:method} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} %{NUMBER:bytes} %{NUMBER:duration}" }
}
}
output{
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
十一、使用logstash自帶的匹配規則匹配http日誌
input{
file {
type => "http-log"
path => "/var/log/httpd/access_log"
start_position => beginning
}
}
filter{
grok {
match => {"message" => "%{HTTPD_COMBINEDLOG}" }
}
}
output{
if [type] == "http-log"
{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "http-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
十二、獲取輸入信息到redis
input{
stdin{}
}
output{
redis{
host => "192.168.30.42"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "demo"
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
1三、收集http日誌到redis
input{
file {
type => "http-log"
path => "/var/log/httpd/access_log"
start_position => beginning
}
}
output{
redis{
host => "192.168.30.42"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "apache-accesslog"
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
1四、獲取redis日誌到es
input{
redis{
host => "192.168.30.42"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "apache-accesslog"
}
}
filter{
grok {
match => {"message" => "%{HTTPD_COMBINEDLOG}" }
}
}
output{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.30.41:9200"]
index => "redis-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
manage_template => true
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}